旧约列王纪上 1:1–53
书卷介绍:列王纪上历史书
君王和百姓是否忠于神,决定了国家的兴衰。
大卫死后,所罗门作王,他向神求智慧,并建造了耶路撒冷的圣殿。但所罗门晚年娶了许多外邦妃嫔,随从她们拜偶像,国家因此在他死后分裂成北国以色列和南国犹大。北国多数君王拜偶像,特别是亚哈王和王后耶洗别。神差派先知以利亚在迦密山上与巴力的先知对决,显明耶和华才是真神。
前情提要
上回说到
撒母耳记下最后两章:大卫勇士的名册,最后一个名字是赫人乌利亚;大卫数点百姓得罪神,瘟疫在亚劳拿的禾场止住,大卫在那里用银子买地筑坛。今天开始读列王纪上。
今天你会读到
大卫年老体衰,儿子亚多尼雅自立为王、大摆筵席;先知拿单和拔示巴提醒大卫他曾起誓立所罗门。大卫立刻下令,在基训膏所罗门作王,百姓吹角欢呼;亚多尼雅的宾客一哄而散,他自己逃去抓住祭坛的角求饶。
阅读小提示
留意 –6:亚多尼雅为自己预备车马、派五十人在前头奔走,和押沙龙()一模一样;而大卫“素来没有使他忧闷”,从来不管教他。
点时代可看说明
传统推算所罗门约在主前 970 年登基。列王纪最后记到约主前 560 年的事(),所以许多学者认为它是在被掳期间编成的。
点经节可选取,长按即复制点经节可选取,按 Ctrl+C⌘C 复制
列王纪上 第 1 章
大卫年老
1大卫王年纪老迈,虽用被遮盖,仍不觉暖。Now King David was old and well along in years, and though they covered him with blankets, he could not keep warm.
2所以臣仆对他说:“不如为我主我王寻找一个处女,使她伺候王,奉养王,睡在王的怀中,好叫我主我王得暖。”So his servants said to him, “Let us search for a young virgin for our lord the king, to attend to him and care for him and lie by his side to keep him warm.”
3于是在以色列全境寻找美貌的童女,寻得的一个童女亚比煞,就带到王那里。Then they searched throughout Israel for a beautiful girl, and they found Abishag the Shunammite and brought her to the king.
4这童女极其美貌,她奉养王,伺候王,王却没有与她亲近。The girl was unsurpassed in beauty; she cared for the king and served him, but he had no relations with her.
亚多尼雅自立为王
5那时,哈及的儿子,说:“我必作王”,就为自己预备车辆、马兵,又派五十人在他前头奔走。At that time Adonijah, David’s son by Haggith, began to exalt himself, saying, “I will be king!” And he acquired chariots and horsemen and fifty men to run ahead of him.
6他父亲素来没有使他,说:“你是做什么呢?”他甚俊美,生在押沙龙之后。(His father had never once reprimanded him by saying, “Why do you act this way?” Adonijah was also very handsome, born next after Absalom.)
7亚多尼雅与洗鲁雅的儿子约押,和祭司亚比亚他商议;二人就顺从他,帮助他。So Adonijah conferred with Joab son of Zeruiah and with Abiathar the priest, who supported him.
8但祭司撒督、耶何耶大的儿子比拿雅、先知、示每、利以,并大卫的勇士都不顺从亚多尼雅。But Zadok the priest, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, Nathan the prophet, Shimei, Rei, and David’s mighty men would not join Adonijah.
9一日,亚多尼雅在旁、琐希列磐石那里宰了牛羊、,请他的诸弟兄,就是王的众子,并所有作王臣仆的犹大人;And Adonijah sacrificed sheep, oxen, and fattened calves near the stone of Zoheleth, which is next to En-rogel. He invited all his royal brothers and all the men of Judah who were servants of the king.
10惟独先知拿单和比拿雅并勇士,与他的兄弟所罗门,他都没有请。But he did not invite Nathan the prophet, Benaiah, the mighty men, or his brother Solomon.
拿单和拔示巴的计划
11拿单对所罗门的母亲说:“哈及的儿子亚多尼雅作王了,你没有听见吗?我们的主大卫却不知道。Then Nathan said to Bathsheba the mother of Solomon, “Have you not heard that Adonijah son of Haggith has become king, and our lord David does not know it?
12现在我可以给你出个主意,好保全你和你儿子所罗门的性命。Now please, come and let me advise you. Save your own life and the life of your son Solomon.
13你进去见大卫王,对他说:‘我主我王啊,你不曾向婢女起誓说:你儿子所罗门必接续我作王,坐在我的位上吗?现在亚多尼雅怎么作了王呢?’Go at once to King David and say, ‘My lord the king, did you not swear to your maidservant, “Surely your son Solomon will reign after me, and he will sit on my throne”? Why then has Adonijah become king?’
14你还与王说话的时候,我也随后进去,证实你的话。”Then, while you are still there speaking with the king, I will come in after you and confirm your words.”
拔示巴见王
15拔示巴进入内室见王,王甚老迈,书念的童女亚比煞正伺候王。So Bathsheba went to see the king in his bedroom. Since the king was very old, Abishag the Shunammite was serving him.
16拔示巴向王屈身下拜;王说:“你要什么?”And Bathsheba bowed down in homage to the king, who asked, “What is your desire?”
17她说:“我主啊,你曾向婢女指着耶和华—你的 神起誓说:‘你儿子所罗门必接续我作王,坐在我的位上。’“My lord,” she replied, “you yourself swore to your maidservant by the LORD your God: ‘Surely your son Solomon will reign after me, and he will sit on my throne.’
18现在亚多尼雅作王了,我主我王却不知道。But now, behold, Adonijah has become king, and you, my lord the king, do not know it.
19他宰了许多牛羊、肥犊,请了王的众子和祭司亚比亚他,并元帅约押;惟独王的仆人所罗门,他没有请。And he has sacrificed an abundance of oxen, fattened calves, and sheep, and has invited all the other sons of the king, as well as Abiathar the priest and Joab the commander of the army. But he has not invited your servant Solomon.
20我主我王啊,以色列众人的眼目都仰望你,等你晓谕他们,在我主我王之后谁坐你的位。And as for you, my lord the king, the eyes of all Israel are upon you to tell them who will sit on the throne of my lord the king after him.
21若不然,到我主我王以后,我和我儿子所罗门必算为罪人了。”Otherwise, when my lord the king rests with his fathers, I and my son Solomon will be counted as criminals.”
拿单见王
22拔示巴还与王说话的时候,先知拿单也进来了。And just then, while Bathsheba was still speaking with the king, Nathan the prophet arrived.
23有人奏告王说:“先知拿单来了。”拿单进到王前,脸伏于地。So the king was told, “Nathan the prophet is here.” And Nathan went in and bowed facedown before the king.
24拿单说:“我主我王果然应许亚多尼雅说‘你必接续我作王,坐在我的位上’吗?“My lord the king,” said Nathan, “did you say, ‘Adonijah will reign after me, and he will sit on my throne’?
25他今日下去,宰了许多牛羊、肥犊,请了王的众子和军长,并祭司亚比亚他;他们正在亚多尼雅面前吃喝,说:‘愿亚多尼雅王万岁!’For today he has gone down and sacrificed an abundance of oxen, fattened calves, and sheep, and has invited all the sons of the king, the commanders of the army, and Abiathar the priest. And behold, they are eating and drinking before him, saying, ‘Long live King Adonijah!’
26惟独我,就是你的仆人和祭司撒督,耶何耶大的儿子比拿雅,并王的仆人所罗门,他都没有请。But me your servant he has not invited, nor Zadok the priest, nor Benaiah son of Jehoiada, nor your servant Solomon.
27这事果然出乎我主我王吗?王却没有告诉仆人们,在我主我王之后谁坐你的位。”Has my lord the king let this happen without informing your servant who should sit on the throne after my lord the king?”
大卫起誓立所罗门
28大卫王吩咐说:“叫拔示巴来。”拔示巴就进来,站在王面前。Then King David said, “Call in Bathsheba for me.” So she came into the king’s presence and stood before him.
29王起誓说:“我指着救我性命脱离一切苦难、永生的耶和华起誓。And the king swore an oath, saying, “As surely as the LORD lives, who has redeemed my life from all distress,
30我既然指着耶和华—以色列的 神向你起誓说:你儿子所罗门必接续我作王,坐在我的位上。我今日就必照这话而行。”I will carry out this very day exactly what I swore to you by the LORD, the God of Israel: Surely your son Solomon will reign after me, and he will sit on my throne in my place.”
31于是,拔示巴脸伏于地,向王下拜,说:“愿我主大卫王!”Bathsheba bowed facedown in homage to the king and said, “May my lord King David live forever!”
所罗门在基训受膏
32大卫王又吩咐说:“将祭司撒督、先知拿单、耶何耶大的儿子比拿雅召来!”他们就都来到王面前。Then King David said, “Call in for me Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah son of Jehoiada.” So they came before the king.
33王对他们说:“要带领你们主的仆人,使我儿子所罗门骑我的骡子,送他下到;“Take my servants with you,” said the king. “Set my son Solomon on my own mule and take him down to Gihon.
34在那里,祭司撒督和先知拿单要膏他作以色列的王;你们也要吹角,说:‘愿所罗门王万岁!’There Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet are to anoint him king over Israel. You are to blow the ram’s horn and declare, ‘Long live King Solomon!’
35然后要跟随他上来,使他坐在我的位上,接续我作王。我已立他作以色列和犹大的君。”Then you shall go up with him, and he is to come and sit on my throne and reign in my place. For I have appointed him ruler over Israel and Judah.”
36耶何耶大的儿子比拿雅对王说:“!愿耶和华—我主我王的 神也这样命定。“Amen,” replied Benaiah son of Jehoiada. “May the LORD, the God of my lord the king, so declare it.
37耶和华怎样与我主我王同在,愿他照样与所罗门同在,使他的国位比我主大卫王的国位更大。”Just as the LORD was with my lord the king, so may He be with Solomon and make his throne even greater than that of my lord King David.”
38于是,祭司撒督、先知拿单、耶何耶大的儿子比拿雅,和基利提人、比利提人都下去使所罗门骑大卫王的骡子,将他送到基训。Then Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah son of Jehoiada, along with the Cherethites and Pelethites, went down and set Solomon on King David’s mule, and they escorted him to Gihon.
39祭司撒督就从帐幕中取了来,用膏膏所罗门。人就吹角,众民都说:“愿所罗门王万岁!”Zadok the priest took the horn of oil from the tabernacle and anointed Solomon. Then they blew the ram’s horn, and all the people proclaimed, “Long live King Solomon!”
40众民跟随他上来,且吹笛,大大欢呼,声音震地。All the people followed him, playing flutes and rejoicing with such a great joy that the earth was split by the sound.
亚多尼雅的宾客惊散
41亚多尼雅和所请的众客筵宴方毕,听见这声音;约押听见角声就说:“城中为何有这响声呢?”Now Adonijah and all his guests were finishing their feast when they heard the sound of the ram’s horn. “Why is the city in such a loud uproar?” asked Joab.
42他正说话的时候,祭司亚比亚他的儿子约拿单来了。亚多尼雅对他说:“进来吧!你是个,必是报好信息。”As he was speaking, suddenly Jonathan the son of Abiathar the priest arrived. “Come in,” said Adonijah, “for you are a man of valor. You must be bringing good news.”
43约拿单对亚多尼雅说:“我们的主大卫王诚然立所罗门为王了。“Not at all,” Jonathan replied. “Our lord King David has made Solomon king.
44王差遣祭司撒督、先知拿单、耶何耶大的儿子比拿雅,和基利提人、比利提人都去使所罗门骑王的骡子。And with Solomon, the king has sent Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah son of Jehoiada, along with the Cherethites and Pelethites, and they have set him on the king’s mule.
45祭司撒督和先知拿单在基训已经膏他作王。众人都从那里欢呼着上来,声音使城震动,这就是你们所听见的声音;Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet have anointed him king at Gihon, and they have gone up from there with rejoicing that rings out in the city. That is the noise you hear.
46并且所罗门登了国位。Moreover, Solomon has taken his seat on the royal throne.
47王的臣仆也来为我们的主大卫王祝福,说:‘愿王的 神使所罗门的名比王的名更尊荣;使他的国位比王的国位更大。’王就在床上屈身下拜。The king’s servants have also gone to congratulate our lord King David, saying, ‘May your God make the name of Solomon more famous than your own name, and may He make his throne greater than your throne.’ And the king has bowed in worship on his bed,
48王又说:‘耶和华—以色列的 神是应当称颂的;因他赐我一人今日坐在我的位上,我也亲眼看见了。’”saying, ‘Blessed be the LORD, the God of Israel! Today He has provided one to sit on my throne, and my eyes have seen it.’”
49亚多尼雅的众客听见这话就都惊惧,起来四散。At this, all the guests of Adonijah arose in terror and scattered.
亚多尼雅抓住祭坛的角
50亚多尼雅惧怕所罗门,就起来,去抓住。But Adonijah, in fear of Solomon, got up and went to take hold of the horns of the altar.
51有人告诉所罗门说:“亚多尼雅惧怕所罗门王,现在抓住祭坛的角,说:‘愿所罗门王今日向我起誓,必不用刀杀仆人。’”It was reported to Solomon: “Behold, Adonijah fears King Solomon, and he has taken hold of the horns of the altar, saying, ‘Let King Solomon first swear to me not to put his servant to the sword.’”
52所罗门说:“他若作忠义的人,;他若行恶,必要死亡。”And Solomon replied, “If he is a man of character, not a single hair of his will fall to the ground. But if evil is found in him, he will die.”
53于是所罗门王差遣人,使亚多尼雅从坛上下来,他就来,向所罗门王下拜;所罗门对他说:“你回家去吧!”So King Solomon summoned Adonijah down from the altar, and he came and bowed down before King Solomon, who said to him, “Go to your home.”
摘要
大卫王年老体衰之际,四子亚多尼雅未经父王许可便自立为王,联合约押与祭司亚比亚他设宴庆贺。先知拿单与拔示巴合力提醒大卫昔日对所罗门的誓言,大卫随即下令撒督、拿单在基训膏立所罗门为王,众民欢呼拥戴。亚多尼雅闻讯惊惧,抓住祭坛的角求饶,所罗门暂且赦免,命他回家。
反思问题
- 亚多尼雅因父亲从未管教而走上自立为王的路,这提醒你在家庭或信仰群体中,适时的纠正与引导有多重要?
- 拿单和拔示巴在危急时刻主动行动、捍卫神的旨意,你在面对不公或偏离真理的情境时,是否愿意勇敢发声?
- 大卫在年老时仍信守对神的誓言并立即行动,你如何看待自己曾在神面前许下的承诺,是否持守到底?
新约约翰福音 3:14–36
前情提要
上回说到
昨天():法利赛人尼哥底母夜里来见耶稣,耶稣对他说人必须重生,从水和圣灵生,好像风一样,看不见却是真实的;只有从天降下的人子知道天上的事。
今天你会读到
耶稣说人子要像摩西在旷野举起的铜蛇一样被举起来;“神爱世人”,差儿子来是要叫世人得救,不是定罪;光来到世间,人却爱黑暗。接着施洗约翰再为耶稣作见证:“他必兴旺,我必衰微”;信子的人有永生。
阅读小提示
提到的铜蛇记在 –9:被蛇咬的人只要望一眼挂在杆子上的铜蛇就得活。耶稣说祂也要这样“被举起来”,指祂将要怎样死(参 )。
点时代可看说明
古抄本没有引号,所以 是耶稣对尼哥底母说的话,还是约翰的解说,学者看法不一; 也是一样。
约翰福音 第 3 章
人子必被举起来
14摩西在旷野怎样,人子也必照样,Just as Moses lifted up the snake in the wilderness, so the Son of Man must be lifted up,
15叫一切信他的都得(或译:叫一切信的人在他里面得永生)。that everyone who believes in Him may have eternal life.
神爱世人
16“ 神爱,甚至将他的独生子赐给他们,叫一切信他的,不致灭亡,反得永生。For God so loved the world that He gave His one and only Son, that everyone who believes in Him shall not perish but have eternal life.
17因为 神差他的儿子降世,不是要定世人的罪(或译:审判世人;下同),乃是要叫世人因他得救。For God did not send His Son into the world to condemn the world, but to save the world through Him.
18信他的人,不被;不信的人,罪已经定了,因为他不信 神独生子的名。Whoever believes in Him is not condemned, but whoever does not believe has already been condemned, because he has not believed in the name of God’s one and only Son.
光来到世间
19光来到世间,世人因自己的行为是恶的,不爱光,倒爱黑暗,定他们的罪就是在此。And this is the verdict: The Light has come into the world, but men loved the darkness rather than the Light because their deeds were evil.
20凡作恶的便恨光,并不来,恐怕他的行为受责备。Everyone who does evil hates the Light, and does not come into the Light for fear that his deeds will be exposed.
21但行真理的必来就光,要显明他所行的是靠 神而行。”But whoever practices the truth comes into the Light, so that it may be seen clearly that what he has done has been accomplished in God.”
耶稣和约翰都在施洗
22这事以后,耶稣和门徒到了犹太地,在那里居住,施洗。After this, Jesus and His disciples went into the Judean countryside, where He spent some time with them and baptized.
23约翰在靠近撒冷的也施洗;因为那里水多,众人都去受洗。Now John was also baptizing at Aenon near Salim, because the water was plentiful there, and people kept coming to be baptized.
24(那时约翰还没有下在监里。)(For John had not yet been thrown into prison.)
25约翰的门徒和一个犹太人辩论洁净的礼,Then a dispute arose between John’s disciples and a certain Jew over the issue of ceremonial washing.
26就来见约翰,说:“拉比,从前同你在约旦河外、你所见证的那位,现在施洗,众人都往他那里去了。”So John’s disciples came to him and said, “Look, Rabbi, the One who was with you beyond the Jordan, the One you testified about—He is baptizing, and everyone is going to Him.”
新郎的朋友
27约翰说:“若不是从天上赐的,人就不能得什么。John replied, “A man can receive only what is given him from heaven.
28我曾说:‘我不是基督,是奉差遣在他前面的’,你们自己可以给我作见证。You yourselves can testify that I said, ‘I am not the Christ, but am sent ahead of Him.’
29娶新妇的就是新郎;站着,听见新郎的声音就甚喜乐。故此,我这喜乐满足了。The bride belongs to the bridegroom. The friend of the bridegroom stands and listens for him, and is overjoyed to hear the bridegroom’s voice. That joy is mine, and it is now complete.
30。”He must increase; I must decrease.
从天上来的在万有之上
31“从天上来的是在万有之上;从地上来的是属乎地,他所说的也是属乎地。从天上来的是在万有之上。The One who comes from above is above all. The one who is from the earth belongs to the earth and speaks as one from the earth. The One who comes from heaven is above all.
32他将所见所闻的见证出来,只是没有人领受他的见证。He testifies to what He has seen and heard, yet no one accepts His testimony.
33那领受他见证的,就,证明 神是真的。Whoever accepts His testimony has certified that God is truthful.
34神所差来的就说 神的话,因为 神赐圣灵给他是的。For the One whom God has sent speaks the words of God, for God gives the Spirit without limit.
35父爱子,已将万有交在他手里。The Father loves the Son and has placed all things in His hands.
36信子的人有永生;不信子的人得不着永生(原文是不得见永生), 神的常在他身上。”Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life. Whoever rejects the Son will not see life. Instead, the wrath of God remains on him.”
摘要
耶稣向尼哥底母阐明重生的真理,指出人必须从水和圣灵而生才能进神的国,并以摩西举铜蛇为预表,宣告信子的人必得永生。约翰福音3章16节揭示神爱世人的核心福音:神赐下独生子,叫信他的不致灭亡。施洗约翰随后以新郎朋友自喻,甘心让位于基督,宣告‘他必兴旺,我必衰微’,见证从天上来的基督在万有之上。
反思问题
- 耶稣说‘人若不重生就不能见神的国’,你对自己属灵生命的更新与成长有怎样的渴望和实际行动?
- 经文说光来到世间,世人却爱黑暗,你生活中是否有不愿带到神面前的隐藏之处?如何回应光的邀请?
- 施洗约翰说‘他必兴旺,我必衰微’,在你的事奉、工作或人际关系中,你是否愿意放下自我,让基督居首位?