旧约那鸿书 1:1–3:19
书卷介绍:那鸿书小先知书
神是公义的,残暴的尼尼微必遭审判,投靠神的人必得保护。
约拿之后大约一百年,尼尼微又回到残暴的道路,亚述帝国四处侵略、欺压列国。那鸿宣告神要审判尼尼微,这座看似坚固的大城必要倾覆。这对受苦的犹大是安慰的好消息。书中也说明耶和华本为善,在患难的日子作人的保障。
前情提要
上回说到
昨天读完弥迦书(6–7 章):神与百姓争辩,说明祂要的是“行公义,好怜悯,存谦卑的心”;先知哀叹社会败坏,却仍仰望神,最后赞美神赦免罪孽,必将百姓的罪投于深海。今天读那鸿书。
今天你会读到
那鸿宣告尼尼微的灭亡:耶和华是忌邪施报的神,却也本为善,是投靠祂之人的保障,必折断亚述加在犹大颈项上的轭(1 章);接着生动描写敌军攻城、尼尼微被洗劫一空(2 章);这流人血的城必像挪亚们一样被毁,听见消息的都要拍掌(3 章)。
阅读小提示
对照约拿书:约拿的时候尼尼微悔改,神不降灾;约一百多年后亚述又变得残暴,那鸿就宣告它的结局。 说“耶和华不轻易发怒”,但也“万不以有罪的为无罪”。
点时代可看说明
提到挪亚们(埃及的底比斯)已被攻陷,那是主前 663 年的事,所以那鸿书写于这之后;尼尼微在主前 612 年被巴比伦和玛代联军攻陷。
点经节可选取,长按即复制点经节可选取,按 Ctrl+C⌘C 复制
那鸿书 第 1 章
论尼尼微的默示
1论尼尼微的默示,就是伊勒歌斯人所得的默示。This is the burden against Nineveh, the book of the vision of Nahum the Elkoshite:
忌邪施报的神
2耶和华是施报的 神。耶和华施报大有忿怒;向他的敌人施报,向他的仇敌怀怒。The LORD is a jealous and avenging God; the LORD is avenging and full of wrath. The LORD takes vengeance on His foes and reserves wrath for His enemies.
3耶和华不轻易发怒,大有能力,万不以有罪的为无罪。他乘旋风和暴风而来,云彩为他脚下的尘土。The LORD is slow to anger and great in power; the LORD will by no means leave the guilty unpunished. His path is in the whirlwind and storm, and clouds are the dust beneath His feet.
4他斥责海,使海干了,使一切江河干涸。巴珊和迦密的树林衰残;黎巴嫩的花草也衰残了。He rebukes the sea and dries it up; He makes all the rivers run dry. Bashan and Carmel wither, and the flower of Lebanon wilts.
5大山因他震动;小山也都消化。大地在他面前突起;世界和住在其间的也都如此。The mountains quake before Him, and the hills melt away; the earth trembles at His presence—the world and all its dwellers.
6他发忿恨,谁能立得住呢?他发烈怒,谁能当得起呢?他的忿怒如火倾倒;磐石因他崩裂。Who can withstand His indignation? Who can endure His burning anger? His wrath is poured out like fire; even rocks are shattered before Him.
耶和华本为善
7耶和华本为善,在患难的日子为人的保障,并且认得那些投靠他的人。The LORD is good, a stronghold in the day of distress; He cares for those who trust in Him.
8但他必以涨溢的洪水淹没尼尼微,又驱逐仇敌进入黑暗。But with an overwhelming flood He will make an end of Nineveh and pursue His enemies into darkness.
尼尼微必被剪除
9尼尼微人哪,设何谋攻击耶和华呢?他必将你们灭绝净尽;灾难不再兴起。Whatever you plot against the LORD, He will bring to an end. Affliction will not rise up a second time.
10你们像丛杂的荆棘,像喝醉了的人,又如枯干的碎秸全然烧灭。For they will be entangled as with thorns and consumed like the drink of a drunkard—like stubble that is fully dry.
11有一人从你那里出来,图谋邪恶,设恶计攻击耶和华。From you, O Nineveh, comes forth a plotter of evil against the LORD, a counselor of wickedness.
我必折断他的轭
12耶和华如此说:尼尼微虽然势力充足,人数繁多,也被剪除,归于无有。犹大啊,我虽然使你受苦,却不再使你受苦。This is what the LORD says: “Though they are allied and numerous, yet they will be cut down and pass away. Though I have afflicted you, O Judah, I will afflict you no longer.
13现在我必从你颈项上折断他的,扭开他的绳索。For I will now break their yoke from your neck and tear away your shackles.”
14耶和华已经出令,指着尼尼微说:你名下的人必不留后;我必从你神的庙中除灭雕刻的偶像和铸造的偶像;我必因你,使你归于坟墓。The LORD has issued a command concerning you, O Nineveh: “There will be no descendants to carry on your name. I will cut off the carved image and cast idol from the house of your gods; I will prepare your grave, for you are contemptible.”
报好信传平安之人的脚
15看哪,有的脚登山,说:犹大啊,可以守你的节期,还你所许的愿吧!因为那恶人不再从你中间经过,他已灭绝净尽了。Look to the mountains—the feet of one who brings good news, who proclaims peace! Celebrate your feasts, O Judah; fulfill your vows. For the wicked will never again march through you; they will be utterly cut off.
那鸿书 第 2 章
敌军攻城
1尼尼微啊,那打碎邦国的上来攻击你。你要看守保障,谨防道路,使腰强壮,大大勉力。One who scatters advances against you, O Nineveh. Guard the fortress! Watch the road! Brace yourselves! Summon all your strength!
2(耶和华复兴雅各的荣华,好像以色列的荣华一样;因为使地空虚的,已经使雅各和以色列空虚,将他们的葡萄枝毁坏了。)For the LORD will restore the splendor of Jacob like the splendor of Israel, though destroyers have laid them waste and ruined the branches of their vine.
3他勇士的盾牌是红的,精兵都穿朱红衣服。在他预备争战的日子,战车上的钢铁闪烁如火,柏木把的枪也抡起来了。The shields of his mighty men are red; the valiant warriors are dressed in scarlet. The fittings of the chariots flash like fire on the day they are prepared, and the spears of cypress have been brandished.
4车辆在街上(或译:城外)急行,在宽阔处奔来奔去,形状如火把,飞跑如闪电。The chariots dash through the streets; they rush around the plazas, appearing like torches, darting about like lightning.
5尼尼微王招聚他的;他们步行绊跌,速上城墙,预备。He summons his nobles; they stumble as they advance. They race to its wall; the protective shield is set in place.
6河闸开放,宫殿冲没。The river gates are thrown open and the palace collapses.
7蒙羞,被人掳去;宫女,哀鸣如鸽。此乃命定之事。It is decreed that the city be exiled and carried away; her maidservants moan like doves, and beat upon their breasts.
尼尼微被洗劫
8尼尼微自古以来充满人民,如同聚水的池子;现在居民却都逃跑。虽有人呼喊说:站住!站住!却无人回顾。Nineveh has been like a pool of water throughout her days, but now it is draining away. “Stop! Stop!” they cry, but no one turns back.
9你们抢掠金银吧!因为所积蓄的无穷,华美的宝器无数。“Plunder the silver! Plunder the gold!” There is no end to the treasure, an abundance of every precious thing.
10尼尼微现在空虚荒凉,人心消化,双膝相碰,腰都疼痛,脸都变色。She is emptied! Yes, she is desolate and laid waste! Hearts melt, knees knock, bodies tremble, and every face grows pale!
狮子的洞在哪里
11狮子的洞和少壮狮子喂养之处在哪里呢?公狮母狮小狮游行、无人惊吓之地在哪里呢?Where is the lions’ lair or the feeding ground of the young lions, where the lion and lioness prowled with their cubs, with nothing to frighten them away?
12公狮为小狮撕碎许多食物,为母狮掐死活物,把撕碎的、掐死的充满它的洞穴。The lion mauled enough for its cubs and strangled prey for the lioness. It filled its dens with the kill, and its lairs with mauled prey.
13万军之耶和华说:“我与你为敌,必将你的车辆焚烧成烟,刀剑也必吞灭你的少壮狮子。我必从地上除灭你所撕碎的,你使者的声音必不再听见。”“Behold, I am against you,” declares the LORD of Hosts. “I will reduce your chariots to cinders, and the sword will devour your young lions. I will cut off your prey from the earth, and the voices of your messengers will no longer be heard.”
那鸿书 第 3 章
流人血的城有祸了
1祸哉!这流人血的城,充满谎诈和强暴—抢夺的事总不止息。Woe to the city of blood, full of lies, full of plunder, never without prey.
2鞭声响亮,车轮轰轰,马匹踢跳,车辆奔腾,The crack of the whip, the rumble of the wheel, galloping horse and bounding chariot!
3马兵争先,刀剑发光,枪矛闪烁,被杀的甚多,尸首成了大堆,尸骸无数,人碰着而跌倒,Charging horseman, flashing sword, shining spear; heaps of slain, mounds of corpses, dead bodies without end—they stumble over their dead—
4都因那美貌的妓女多有淫行,惯行邪术,借淫行诱惑列国,用邪术诱惑(原文是卖)多族。because of the many harlotries of the harlot, the seductive mistress of sorcery, who betrays nations by her prostitution and clans by her witchcraft.
5万军之耶和华说:我与你为敌;我必揭起你的衣襟,蒙在你脸上,使列国看见你的赤体,使列邦观看你的丑陋。“Behold, I am against you,” declares the LORD of Hosts. “I will lift your skirts over your face. I will show your nakedness to the nations and your shame to the kingdoms.
6我必将可憎污秽之物抛在你身上,辱没你,为众目所观。I will pelt you with filth and treat you with contempt; I will make a spectacle of you.
7凡看见你的,都必逃跑离开你,说:尼尼微荒凉了!有谁为你悲伤呢?我何处寻得安慰你的人呢?Then all who see you will recoil from you and say, ‘Nineveh is devastated; who will grieve for her?’ Where can I find comforters for you?”
你岂比挪亚们强呢
8你岂比强呢?挪亚们坐落在众河之间,周围有水;海(指尼罗河)作她的濠沟,又作她的城墙。Are you better than Thebes, stationed by the Nile with water around her, whose rampart was the sea, whose wall was the water?
9古实和埃及是她无穷的力量;弗人和是她的帮手。Cush and Egypt were her boundless strength; Put and Libya were her allies.
10但她被迁移,被掳去;她的婴孩在各市口上也被摔死。人为她的尊贵人拈阄;她所有的大人都被链子锁着。Yet she became an exile; she went into captivity. Her infants were dashed to pieces at the head of every street. They cast lots for her dignitaries, and all her nobles were bound in chains.
11你也必喝醉,必被埋藏,并因仇敌的缘故寻求避难所。You too will become drunk; you will go into hiding and seek refuge from the enemy.
保障像初熟的无花果
12你一切保障必像无花果树上初熟的无花果,若一摇撼就落在想吃之人的口中。All your fortresses are fig trees with the first ripe figs; when shaken, they fall into the mouth of the eater!
13你地上的人民如同妇女;你国中的关口向仇敌敞开;你的门闩被火焚烧。Look at your troops—they are like your women! The gates of your land are wide open to your enemies; fire consumes their bars.
14你要打水预备受困;要坚固你的保障,踹土和泥,修补砖窑。Draw your water for the siege; strengthen your fortresses. Work the clay and tread the mortar; repair the brick kiln!
15在那里,火必烧灭你;刀必杀戮你,吞灭你如同蝻子。任你加增人数多如蝻子,多如蝗虫吧!There the fire will devour you; the sword will cut you down and consume you like a young locust. Make yourself many like the young locust; make yourself many like the swarming locust!
16你增添商贾,多过天上的星;蝻子吃尽而去。You have multiplied your merchants more than the stars of the sky. The young locust strips the land and flies away.
17你的首领多如蝗虫;你的仿佛成群的蚂蚱,天凉的时候齐落在篱笆上,日头一出便都飞去,人不知道落在何处。Your guards are like the swarming locust, and your scribes like clouds of locusts that settle on the walls on a cold day. When the sun rises, they fly away, and no one knows where.
亚述王啊,你的牧人睡觉
18啊,你的牧人睡觉;你的贵胄安歇;你的人民散在山间,无人招聚。O king of Assyria, your shepherds slumber; your officers sleep. Your people are scattered on the mountains with no one to gather them.
19你的损伤无法医治;你的伤痕极其重大。凡听你信息的必都因此向你。你所行的恶谁没有时常遭遇呢?There is no healing for your injury; your wound is severe. All who hear the news of you applaud your downfall, for who has not experienced your constant cruelty?
摘要
那鸿书宣告神对尼尼微的审判。耶和华是忌邪施报的神,虽不轻易发怒,却绝不以有罪为无罪;祂同时是患难中信靠祂之人的保障。全书生动描绘尼尼微因长年的暴行、谎诈与邪术而遭彻底毁灭——城池被攻破、居民四散、财富被掠夺,曾经如狮子般强盛的帝国化为荒凉,无人为其悲伤,其损伤无法医治。
反思问题
- 神既是施报的神,也是患难中的保障(,)。你如何在生活中同时经历神的公义与慈爱?
- 尼尼微虽势力强大却因罪恶而灭亡。你是否曾倚靠自己的能力或成就而忽略了对神的敬畏?
- 那鸿书结尾说‘你所行的恶谁没有时常遭遇呢?’这提醒你,当你受到不公对待时,可以如何将公义交托给神?
新约启示录 14:1–20
前情提要
上回说到
昨天(13 章):从海中上来的兽得了龙的权柄,说亵渎的话、与圣徒争战;从地中上来的兽行奇事,叫人拜兽像,又叫众人受兽的印记,兽的数目是六百六十六。
今天你会读到
羔羊和十四万四千人站在锡安山,额上写着羔羊和父的名,唱新歌();三位天使相继宣告:传永远的福音、巴比伦倾倒了、拜兽的必喝神大怒的酒();最后是地上庄稼和葡萄的两次收割()。
阅读小提示
13 章人受兽的印记,14 章一开头就是额上写着羔羊和父名字的人:每个人都属于某一方。“在主里面而死的人有福了”,是启示录七次宣告福分之一。
点时代可看说明
巴比伦是当年攻毁耶路撒冷的帝国,在启示录中象征敌挡神、迫害圣徒的世界势力;许多学者认为当时特别指罗马(参 )。
启示录 第 14 章
羔羊和十四万四千人
1我又观看,见羔羊站在,同他又有十四万四千人,都有他的名和他父的名写在额上。Then I looked and saw the Lamb standing on Mount Zion, and with Him 144,000 who had His name and His Father’s name written on their foreheads.
2我听见从天上有声音,像众水的声音和大雷的声音,并且我所听见的好像弹琴的所弹的琴声。And I heard a sound from heaven like the roar of many waters and the loud rumbling of thunder. And the sound I heard was like harpists strumming their harps.
3他们在宝座前,并在四活物和众长老前唱歌,仿佛是新歌;除了从地上买来的那十四万四千人以外,没有人能学这歌。And they sang a new song before the throne and before the four living creatures and the elders. And no one could learn the song except the 144,000 who had been redeemed from the earth.
初熟的果子
4这些人未曾沾染妇女,他们原是。羔羊无论往哪里去,他们都跟随他。他们是从人间买来的,作归与 神和羔羊。These are the ones who have not been defiled with women, for they are virgins. They follow the Lamb wherever He goes. They have been redeemed from among men as firstfruits to God and to the Lamb.
5在他们口中察不出谎言来;他们是没有的。And no lie was found in their mouths; they are blameless.
传永远福音的天使
6我又看见另有一位天使飞在空中,有永远的福音要传给住在地上的人,就是各国、各族、各方、各民。Then I saw another angel flying overhead, with the eternal gospel to proclaim to those who dwell on the earth—to every nation and tribe and tongue and people.
7他大声说:“应当敬畏 神,将荣耀归给他!因他施行审判的时候已经到了。应当敬拜那创造天地海和众水泉源的。”And he said in a loud voice, “Fear God and give Him glory, because the hour of His judgment has come. Worship the One who made the heavens and the earth and the sea and the springs of waters.”
巴比伦倾倒了
8又有第二位天使接着说:“叫万民喝邪淫、大怒之酒的大城倾倒了!倾倒了!”Then a second angel followed, saying, “Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great, who has made all the nations drink the wine of the passion of her immorality.”
拜兽的必喝神大怒的酒
9又有第三位天使接着他们,大声说:“若有人拜兽和兽像,在额上或在手上受了印记,And a third angel followed them, calling out in a loud voice, “If anyone worships the beast and its image and receives its mark on his forehead or on his hand,
10这人也必喝 神大怒的酒;此酒斟在 神忿怒的杯中。他要在圣天使和羔羊面前,在火与之中受痛苦。he too will drink the wine of God’s anger, poured undiluted into the cup of His wrath. And he will be tormented in fire and sulfur in the presence of the holy angels and of the Lamb.
11他受痛苦的烟往上冒,直到永永远远。那些拜兽和兽像,受它名之印记的,昼夜不得安宁。”And the smoke of their torment rises forever and ever. Day and night there is no rest for those who worship the beast and its image, or for anyone who receives the mark of its name.”
圣徒的忍耐
12圣徒的忍耐就在此;他们是守 神诫命和耶稣真道的。Here is a call for the perseverance of the saints, who keep the commandments of God and the faith of Jesus.
在主里面而死的人有福了
13我听见从天上有声音说:“你要写下:从今以后,在主里面而死的人有福了!”圣灵说:“是的,他们自己的劳苦,做工的果效也随着他们。”And I heard a voice from heaven telling me to write, “Blessed are the dead—those who die in the Lord from this moment on.” “Yes,” says the Spirit, “they will rest from their labors, for their deeds will follow them.”
收割地上的庄稼
14我又观看,见有一片白云,云上坐着一位好像人子,头上戴着金冠冕,手里拿着。And I looked and saw a white cloud, and seated on the cloud was One like the Son of Man, with a golden crown on His head and a sharp sickle in His hand.
15又有一位天使从殿中出来,向那坐在云上的大声喊着说:“伸出你的镰刀来收割;因为收割的时候已经到了,地上的庄稼已经熟透了。”Then another angel came out of the temple, crying out in a loud voice to the One seated on the cloud, “Swing Your sickle and reap, because the time has come to harvest, for the crop of the earth is ripe.”
16那坐在云上的,就把镰刀扔在地上,地上的庄稼就被收割了。So the One seated on the cloud swung His sickle over the earth, and the earth was harvested.
收取地上的葡萄
17又有一位天使从天上的殿中出来,他也拿着快镰刀。Then another angel came out of the temple in heaven, and he too had a sharp sickle.
18又有一位天使从祭坛中出来,是有权柄管火的,向拿着快镰刀的大声喊着说:“伸出快镰刀来,收取地上葡萄树的果子,因为葡萄熟透了!”Still another angel, with authority over the fire, came from the altar and called out in a loud voice to the angel with the sharp sickle, “Swing your sharp sickle and gather the clusters of grapes from the vine of the earth, because its grapes are ripe.”
19那天使就把镰刀扔在地上,收取了地上的葡萄,丢在 神忿怒的大中。So the angel swung his sickle over the earth and gathered the grapes of the earth, and he threw them into the great winepress of God’s wrath.
20那酒榨踹在城外,就有血从酒榨里流出来,高到马的,远有。And the winepress was trodden outside the city, and the blood that flowed from it rose as high as the bridles of the horses for a distance of 1,600 stadia.
摘要
启示录十四章呈现末世审判的全景:十四万四千人与羔羊同站锡安山,他们忠心跟随、口中无谎言。三位天使依次宣告永远的福音、巴比伦的倾倒、以及拜兽者将受神烈怒的严厉警告。随后人子与天使以镰刀收割地上庄稼与葡萄,象征对信徒的收聚与对恶者的审判,神忿怒的酒醡流出的血高到马的嚼环,显明审判之彻底与严肃。
反思问题
- 十四万四千人的特征是忠心跟随羔羊、口中无谎言()。在日常生活中,你如何操练诚实与对主的忠心跟随?
- 说‘圣徒的忍耐就在此’。面对信仰上的压力或诱惑时,什么帮助你持守神的诫命而不妥协?
- 宣告在主里死的人有福,做工果效随着他们。这如何影响你看待今生劳苦与服事的眼光?