旧约约伯记 8:1–11:20
前情提要
上回说到
昨天(4–7 章):以利法说无辜的人不会灭亡,人种什么就收什么,劝约伯接受神的管教;约伯回答朋友像干涸的溪水令人失望,又转向神诉说:人生像雇工的日子一样劳苦短暂,为何神要时刻鉴察他。
今天你会读到
比勒达说神不会偏离公平,暗示约伯的儿女是因罪受罚(8 章);约伯承认神的大能,却感叹人无法与神争辩,渴望有一位听讼的人在中间,并问神为何造了他又要毁灭他(9–10 章);琐法则斥责约伯多嘴,要他除掉罪孽(11 章)。
阅读小提示
留意 约伯的渴望:“我们中间没有听讼的人可以向我们两造按手”。他觉得神太高大,无法对话;新约说耶稣就是神和人中间的那一位中保()。
点时代可看说明
传统认为约伯的故事背景接近族长时代。 提到北斗、参星、昴星,可见古人很早就观察星空、为星座命名。
点经节可选取,长按即复制点经节可选取,按 Ctrl+C⌘C 复制
约伯记 第 8 章
比勒达:神岂能偏离公平
1书亚人比勒达回答说:Then Bildad the Shuhite replied:
2这些话你要说到几时?口中的言语如狂风要到几时呢?“How long will you go on saying such things? The words of your mouth are a blustering wind.
3神岂能偏离公平?全能者岂能偏离公义?Does God pervert justice? Does the Almighty pervert what is right?
4或者你的儿女得罪了他;他使他们受报应。When your children sinned against Him, He gave them over to their rebellion.
5你若殷勤地寻求 神,向全能者恳求;But if you would earnestly seek God and ask the Almighty for mercy,
6你若清洁正直,他必定为你起来,使你公义的居所兴旺。if you are pure and upright, even now He will rouse Himself on your behalf and restore your righteous estate.
7你起初虽然微小,终久必甚发达。Though your beginnings were modest, your latter days will flourish.
请你考问前代
8请你考问前代,追念他们的列祖所查究的。Please inquire of past generations and consider the discoveries of their fathers.
9我们不过从昨日才有,一无所知;我们在世的日子好像影儿。For we were born yesterday and know nothing; our days on earth are but a shadow.
10他们岂不指教你,告诉你,从心里发出言语来呢?Will they not teach you and tell you, and speak from their understanding?
忘记神的人像无水的蒲草
11没有泥岂能发长?芦荻没有水岂能生发?Does papyrus grow where there is no marsh? Do reeds flourish without water?
12尚青的时候,还没有割下,比百样的草先枯槁。While the shoots are still uncut, they dry up more quickly than grass.
13凡忘记 神的人,景况也是这样;不虔敬人的指望要灭没。Such is the destiny of all who forget God; so the hope of the godless will perish.
14他所仰赖的必折断;他所倚靠的是。His confidence is fragile; his security is in a spider’s web.
15他要倚靠房屋,房屋却站立不住;他要抓住房屋,房屋却不能存留。He leans on his web, but it gives way; he holds fast, but it does not endure.
16他在日光之下发青,蔓子爬满了园子;He is a well-watered plant in the sunshine, spreading its shoots over the garden.
17他的根盘绕石堆,扎入石地。His roots wrap around the rock heap; he looks for a home among the stones.
18他若从本地被拔出,那地就不认识他,说:我没有见过你。If he is uprooted from his place, it will disown him, saying, ‘I never saw you.’
19看哪,这就是他道中之乐;以后必另有人从地而生。Surely this is the joy of his way; yet others will spring from the dust.
神必不丢弃完全人
20神必不丢弃完全人,也不扶助邪恶人。Behold, God does not reject the blameless, nor will He strengthen the hand of evildoers.
21他还要以喜笑充满你的口,以欢呼充满你的嘴。He will yet fill your mouth with laughter, and your lips with a shout of joy.
22恨恶你的要披戴惭愧;恶人的帐棚必归于无有。Your enemies will be clothed in shame, and the tent of the wicked will be no more.”
约伯记 第 9 章
约伯:人在神面前怎能成为义
1约伯回答说:Then Job answered:
2我真知道是这样;但人在 神面前怎能成为义呢?“Yes, I know that it is so, but how can a mortal be righteous before God?
3若愿意与他争辩,千中之一也不能回答。If one wished to contend with God, he could not answer Him one time out of a thousand.
神的大能无人能挡
4他心里有智慧,且大有能力。谁向 神刚硬而得亨通呢?God is wise in heart and mighty in strength. Who has resisted Him and prospered?
5他发怒,把山翻倒挪移,山并不知觉。He moves mountains without their knowledge and overturns them in His anger.
6他使地震动,离其本位,就摇撼。He shakes the earth from its place, so that its foundations tremble.
7他吩咐日头不出来,就不出来,又封闭众星。He commands the sun not to shine; He seals off the stars.
8他独自铺张苍天,步行在海浪之上。He alone stretches out the heavens and treads on the waves of the sea.
9他造,并南方的;He is the Maker of the Bear and Orion, of the Pleiades and the constellations of the south.
10他行大事,不可测度,行奇事,不可胜数。He does great things beyond searching out, and wonders without number.
11他从我旁边经过,我却不看见;他在我面前行走,我倒不知觉。Were He to pass by me, I would not see Him; were He to move, I would not recognize Him.
12他夺取,谁能阻挡?谁敢问他:你做什么?If He takes away, who can stop Him? Who dares to ask Him, ‘What are You doing?’
13神必不收回他的怒气;扶助的,屈身在他以下。God does not restrain His anger; the helpers of Rahab cower beneath Him.
我怎敢与神辩论
14既是这样,我怎敢回答他,怎敢选择言语与他辩论呢?How then can I answer Him or choose my arguments against Him?
15我虽有义,也不回答他,只要向那审判我的恳求。For even if I were right, I could not answer. I could only beg my Judge for mercy.
16我若呼吁,他应允我;我仍不信他真听我的声音。If I summoned Him and He answered me, I do not believe He would listen to my voice.
17他用暴风折断我,无故地加增我的损伤。For He would crush me with a tempest and multiply my wounds without cause.
18我就是喘一口气,他都不容,倒使我满心苦恼。He does not let me catch my breath, but overwhelms me with bitterness.
19若论力量,他真有能力!若论审判,他说谁能将我传来呢?If it is a matter of strength, He is indeed mighty! If it is a matter of justice, who can summon Him?
20我虽有义,自己的口要定我为有罪;我虽完全,我口必显我为弯曲。Even if I were righteous, my mouth would condemn me; if I were blameless, it would declare me guilty.
21我本完全,不顾自己;我厌恶我的性命。Though I am blameless, I have no concern for myself; I despise my own life.
22善恶无分,都是一样;所以我说,完全人和恶人,他都灭绝。It is all the same, and so I say, ‘He destroys both the blameless and the wicked.’
23若忽然遭杀害之祸,他必戏笑无辜的人遇难。When the scourge brings sudden death, He mocks the despair of the innocent.
24世界交在恶人手中;蒙蔽世界审判官的脸,若不是他,是谁呢?The earth is given into the hand of the wicked; He blindfolds its judges. If it is not He, then who is it?
我的日子比跑信的更快
25我的日子比更快,急速过去,不见福乐。My days are swifter than a runner; they flee without seeing good.
26我的日子过去如,如急落抓食的鹰。They sweep by like boats of papyrus, like an eagle swooping down on its prey.
27我若说:我要忘记我的哀情,除去我的愁容,心中畅快;If I were to say, ‘I will forget my complaint and change my expression and smile,’
28我因愁苦而惧怕,知道你必不以我为无辜。I would still dread all my sufferings; I know that You will not acquit me.
29我必被你定为有罪,我何必徒然劳苦呢?Since I am already found guilty, why should I labor in vain?
30我若用雪水洗身,用洁净我的手,If I should wash myself with snow and cleanse my hands with lye,
31你还要扔我在坑里,我的衣服都憎恶我。then You would plunge me into the pit, and even my own clothes would despise me.
没有听讼的人
32他本不像我是人,使我可以回答他,又使我们可以同听审判。For He is not a man like me, that I can answer Him, that we can take each other to court.
33我们中间没有可以向我们按手。Nor is there a mediator between us, to lay his hand upon us both.
34愿他把杖离开我,不使惊惶威吓我。Let Him remove His rod from me, so that His terror will no longer frighten me.
35我就说话,也不惧怕他,现在我却不是那样。Then I would speak without fear of Him. But as it is, I am on my own.
约伯记 第 10 章
你为何与我争辩
1我厌烦我的性命,必由着自己述说我的哀情;因心里苦恼,我要说话,“I loathe my own life; I will express my complaint and speak in the bitterness of my soul.
2对 神说:不要定我有罪,要指示我,你为何与我争辩?I will say to God: Do not condemn me! Let me know why You prosecute me.
3你手所造的,你又欺压,又藐视,却光照恶人的计谋。这事你以为美吗?Does it please You to oppress me, to reject the work of Your hands and favor the schemes of the wicked?
4你的眼岂是肉眼?你查看岂像人查看吗?Do You have eyes of flesh? Do You see as man sees?
5你的日子岂像人的日子,你的年岁岂像人的年岁,Are Your days like those of a mortal, or Your years like those of a man,
6就追问我的罪孽,寻察我的罪过吗?that You should seek my iniquity and search out my sin—
7其实,你知道我没有罪恶,并没有能救我脱离你手的。though You know that I am not guilty, and there is no deliverance from Your hand?
你手创造我,又要毁灭我
8你的手创造我,造就我的四肢百体,你还要毁灭我。Your hands shaped me and altogether formed me. Would You now turn and destroy me?
9求你记念—制造我如一般,你还要使我归于尘土吗?Please remember that You molded me like clay. Would You now return me to dust?
10你不是倒出我来好像奶,使我凝结如同吗?Did You not pour me out like milk, and curdle me like cheese?
11你以皮和肉为衣给我穿上,用骨与筋把我全体联络。You clothed me with skin and flesh, and knit me together with bones and sinews.
12你将生命和慈爱赐给我;你也眷顾保全我的心灵。You have granted me life and loving devotion, and Your care has preserved my spirit.
13然而,你待我的这些事早已藏在你心里;我知道你久有此意。Yet You concealed these things in Your heart, and I know that this was in Your mind:
14我若犯罪,你就察看我,并不赦免我的罪孽。If I sinned, You would take note, and would not acquit me of my iniquity.
15我若行恶,便有了祸;我若为义,也不敢抬头,正是满心羞愧,眼见我的苦情。If I am guilty, woe to me! And even if I am righteous, I cannot lift my head. I am full of shame and aware of my affliction.
16我若昂首自得,你就追捕我如狮子,又在我身上显出奇能。Should I hold my head high, You would hunt me like a lion, and again display Your power against me.
17你重立见证攻击我,向我加增恼怒,如军兵更换着攻击我。You produce new witnesses against me and multiply Your anger toward me. Hardships assault me in wave after wave.
为何使我出母胎
18你为何使我出母胎呢?不如我当时气绝,无人得见我;Why then did You bring me from the womb? Oh, that I had died, and no eye had seen me!
19这样,就如没有我一般,一出母胎就被送入坟墓。If only I had never come to be, but had been carried from the womb to the grave.
20–21我的日子不是甚少吗?求你停手宽容我,叫我在往而不返之先—就是往黑暗和死荫之地以先—可以稍得畅快。Are my days not few? Withdraw from me, that I may have a little comfort, before I go—never to return—to a land of darkness and gloom,
22那地甚是幽暗,是死荫之地;那里的光好像幽暗。to a land of utter darkness, of deep shadow and disorder, where even the light is like darkness.”
约伯记 第 11 章
琐法:神追讨的比你该得的还少
1拿玛人琐法回答说:Then Zophar the Naamathite replied:
2这许多的言语岂不该回答吗?多嘴多舌的人岂可称为义吗?“Should this stream of words go unanswered and such a speaker be vindicated?
3你夸大的话岂能使人不作声吗?你戏笑的时候岂没有人叫你害羞吗?Should your babbling put others to silence? Will you scoff without rebuke?
4你说:我的道理纯全;我在你眼前洁净。You have said, ‘My doctrine is sound, and I am pure in Your sight.’
5惟愿 神说话;愿他开口攻击你,But if only God would speak and open His lips against you,
6并将智慧的奥秘指示你;他有诸般的智识。所以当知道 神追讨你比你罪孽该得的还少。and disclose to you the secrets of wisdom, for true wisdom has two sides. Know then that God exacts from you less than your iniquity deserves.
7你考察就能测透 神吗?你岂能尽情测透全能者吗?Can you fathom the deep things of God or discover the limits of the Almighty?
8他的智慧高于天,你还能做什么?深于阴间,你还能知道什么?They are higher than the heavens—what can you do? They are deeper than Sheol—what can you know?
9其量比地长,比海宽。Their measure is longer than the earth and wider than the sea.
10他若经过,将人拘禁,招人受审,谁能阻挡他呢?If He comes along to imprison you, or convenes a court, who can stop Him?
11他本知道虚妄的人;人的罪孽,他虽不留意,还是无所不见。Surely He knows the deceit of men. If He sees iniquity, does He not take note?
12空虚的人却毫无知识;人生在世好像。But a witless man can no more become wise than the colt of a wild donkey can be born a man!
你若将心安正
13你若将心安正,又向主举手;As for you, if you direct your heart and lift up your hands to Him,
14你手里若有罪孽,就当远远地除掉,也不容非义住在你帐棚之中。if you put away the iniquity in your hand, and allow no injustice to dwell in your tents,
15那时,你必仰起脸来毫无斑点;你也必坚固,无所惧怕。then indeed you will lift up your face without blemish; you will stand firm and unafraid.
16你必忘记你的苦楚,就是想起也如流过去的水一样。For you will forget your misery, recalling it only as waters gone by.
17你在世的日子要比正午更明,虽有黑暗仍像早晨。Your life will be brighter than noonday; its darkness will be like the morning.
18你因有指望就必稳固,也必四围巡查,坦然安息。You will be secure, because there is hope, and you will look around and lie down in safety.
19你躺卧,无人惊吓,且有许多人向你求恩。You will lie down without fear, and many will court your favor.
20但恶人的眼目必要失明。他们无路可逃;他们的指望就是气绝。But the eyes of the wicked will fail, and escape will elude them; they will hope for their last breath.”
摘要
约伯记第八至十一章记载约伯三位朋友中比勒达与琐法的发言,以及约伯的回应。比勒达主张神绝不偏离公义,暗示约伯的儿女因犯罪受罚,劝约伯悔改以重获祝福;琐法更直言约伯受的苦比罪孽应得的还少,催促他除罪归正。约伯在回应中承认神的大能与智慧远超人所能测度,却深感自己无法在神面前自辩——即使无罪,口也会定自己为有罪,他渴望有一位中间人能在神与人之间听讼调解。约伯坦陈自己厌弃生命,质问神为何创造他又使他受苦,并恳求神在他短暂余日中宽容他。
反思问题
- 当你像约伯一样感到自己的苦难与所行不成比例时,你如何持守对神公义的信心?
- 约伯渴望一位“听讼的人”在神与人之间调解(伯九33),这如何预示基督作中保的角色,对你的祷告生活有何启发?
- 比勒达和琐法都以简单的因果报应来解释苦难,你是否也曾用类似的框架论断他人的遭遇?这段经文如何提醒你更谦卑地面对他人的痛苦?
新约使徒行传 24:1–27
前情提要
上回说到
昨天():保罗的外甥听到四十多人要埋伏杀保罗,告诉了千夫长;千夫长连夜派兵把保罗护送到凯撒利亚,交给巡抚腓力斯,信中说查不出他有“该死该绑的罪名”。
今天你会读到
五天后,大祭司带着辩士帖土罗来控告保罗;保罗逐点答辩,说自己正按着他们所称为异端的道事奉神、盼望死人复活。腓力斯借故拖延;后来他和妻子土西拉听保罗讲道,听到审判就害怕。他又盼望保罗送钱,把他关了两年。
阅读小提示
留意 保罗向腓力斯讲论“公义、节制,和将来的审判”,腓力斯“甚觉恐惧”,却说“等我得便再叫你来”。听见真理而一再拖延,是很常见的反应。
点时代可看说明
约主后 57–59 年。保罗在凯撒利亚被关了两年(),直到非斯都接任巡抚。
使徒行传 第 24 章
帖土罗控告保罗
1过了五天,大祭司亚拿尼亚同几个长老,和一个辩士下来,向巡抚控告保罗。Five days later the high priest Ananias came down with some elders and a lawyer named Tertullus, who presented to the governor their case against Paul.
2保罗被提了来,帖土罗就告他说:When Paul had been called in, Tertullus opened the prosecution: “Because of you, we have enjoyed a lasting peace, and your foresight has brought improvements to this nation.
3“腓力斯大人,我们因你得以,并且这一国的弊病,因着你的先见得以更正了;我们随时随地满心感谢不尽。In every way and everywhere, most excellent Felix, we acknowledge this with all gratitude.
4惟恐多说,你嫌,只求你宽容听我们说几句话。But in order not to delay you any further, I beg your indulgence to hear us briefly.
5我们看这个人,如同一般,是鼓动普天下众犹太人生乱的,又是里的一个头目,We have found this man to be a pestilence, stirring up dissension among the Jews all over the world. He is a ringleader of the sect of the Nazarenes,
6连圣殿他也想要污秽;我们把他捉住了。(有古卷加:要按我们的律法审问,and he even tried to desecrate the temple; so we seized him.
7不料千夫长吕西亚前来,甚是强横,从我们手中把他夺去,吩咐告他的人到你这里来。)(BSB 英译本没有这一节)
8你自己究问他,就可以知道我们告他的一切事了。”By examining him yourself, you will be able to learn the truth about all our charges against him.”
9众犹太人也随着告他说:“事情诚然是这样。”The Jews concurred, asserting that these charges were true.
保罗答辩
10巡抚点头叫保罗说话。他就说:“我知道你在这国里断事多年,所以我乐意为自己分诉。When the governor motioned for Paul to speak, he began his response: “Knowing that you have been a judge over this nation for many years, I gladly make my defense.
11你查问就可以知道,从我上耶路撒冷礼拜到今日不过有十二天。You can verify for yourself that no more than twelve days ago I went up to Jerusalem to worship.
12他们并没有看见我在殿里,或是在会堂里,或是在城里,和人辩论,耸动众人。Yet my accusers did not find me debating with anyone in the temple or riling up a crowd in the synagogues or in the city.
13他们现在所告我的事并不能对你证实了。Nor can they prove to you any of their charges against me.
按着那道事奉神
14但有一件事,我向你承认,就是他们所称为的道,我正按着那道事奉我祖宗的 神,又信合乎律法的和先知书上一切所记载的,I do confess to you, however, that I worship the God of our fathers according to the Way, which they call a sect. I believe everything that is laid down by the Law and written in the Prophets,
15并且靠着 神,盼望死人,无论善恶,都要复活,就是他们自己也有这个盼望。and I have the same hope in God that they themselves cherish, that there will be a resurrection of both the righteous and the wicked.
16我因此自己勉励,对 神对人,常存。In this hope, I strive always to maintain a clear conscience before God and man.
带着捐项上耶路撒冷
17过了几年,我带着周济本国的和供献的物上去。After several years, then, I returned to Jerusalem to bring alms to my people and to present offerings.
18正献的时候,他们看见我在殿里已经洁净了,并没有聚众,也没有吵嚷,惟有几个从亚细亚来的犹太人。At the time they found me in the temple, I was ceremonially clean and was not inciting a crowd or an uproar. But there are some Jews from the province of Asia
19他们若有告我的事,就应当到你面前来告我。who ought to appear before you and bring charges, if they have anything against me.
20即或不然,这些人若看出我站在公会前,有妄为的地方,他们自己也可以说明。Otherwise, let these men state for themselves any crime they found in me when I stood before the Sanhedrin,
21纵然有,也不过一句话,就是我站在他们中间大声说:‘我今日在你们面前受审,是为死人复活的道理。’”unless it was this one thing I called out as I stood in their presence: ‘It is concerning the resurrection of the dead that I am on trial before you today.’”
腓力斯拖延审判
22腓力斯本是详细晓得这道,就他们说:“且等千夫长吕西亚下来,我要审断你们的事。”Then Felix, who was well informed about the Way, adjourned the hearing and said, “When Lysias the commander comes, I will decide your case.”
23于是吩咐百夫长看守保罗,并且宽待他,也不拦阻他的亲友来供给他。He ordered the centurion to keep Paul under guard, but to allow him some freedom and permit his friends to minister to his needs.
讲论公义、节制和审判
24过了几天,腓力斯和他夫人—犹太的女子—一同来到,就叫了保罗来,听他讲论信基督耶稣的道。After several days, Felix returned with his wife Drusilla, who was a Jewess. He sent for Paul and listened to him speak about faith in Christ Jesus.
25保罗讲论公义、,和将来的审判。腓力斯甚觉恐惧,说:“你暂且去吧,等我再叫你来。”As Paul expounded on righteousness, self-control, and the coming judgment, Felix became frightened and said, “You may go for now. When I find the time, I will call for you.”
26腓力斯又指望保罗送他银钱,所以屡次叫他来,和他谈论。At the same time, he was hoping that Paul would offer him a bribe. So he sent for Paul frequently and talked with him.
保罗被留在监里两年
27过了两年,波求·接了腓力斯的任;腓力斯要讨犹太人的喜欢,就留保罗在监里。After two years had passed, Felix was succeeded by Porcius Festus. And wishing to do the Jews a favor, Felix left Paul in prison.
摘要
使徒行传第二十四章记载保罗在巡抚腓力斯面前受审的经过。犹太领袖藉辩士帖土罗控告保罗是煽动叛乱的瘟疫、污秽圣殿的罪犯。保罗沉着自辩,指出控方无法举证,并公开宣认自己按“这道”事奉祖宗的神,相信死人复活,且常存无亏的良心。腓力斯虽详知此道,却选择拖延审断;他听保罗讲论公义、节制与将来的审判时心生恐惧,却始终未悔改回应,反因贪财屡次召见保罗,最终为讨好犹太人而将保罗继续囚禁两年。
反思问题
- 保罗在不公正的审判中仍然冷静、有理有据地为信仰辩护,当你的信仰在职场或人际关系中受到质疑时,你如何效法他的态度?
- 腓力斯听道后‘甚觉恐惧’却说‘等我得便再叫你来’,你是否也曾在圣灵感动时选择拖延回应?什么拦阻你即时顺服?
- 腓力斯因贪财和讨好人而延误正义,这提醒你在生活中哪些决定可能因利益或人情而妥协了信仰原则?