旧约撒母耳记下 21:1–23:7
前情提要
上回说到
昨天():大卫回耶路撒冷,示每求饶、米非波设申诉、巴西莱送王过河;以色列和犹大为迎王的事争吵,示巴趁机叛变,约押杀了亚玛撒,最后亚比拉的聪明妇人交出示巴的首级。
今天你会读到
21–24 章像撒母耳记的附录,收集大卫一生不同时期的事:为扫罗杀基遍人的事,大卫交出扫罗的七个子孙,利斯巴日夜守护尸身;大卫的勇士杀死四个迦特伟人;22 章是大卫的感恩诗; 是“大卫末了的话”。
阅读小提示
把 22 章和 诗 18 篇对照着读,两首几乎一模一样:同一首诗收在圣经的两个地方,只有一些字句略有不同。
点时代可看说明
21–24 章不按时间顺序排列;许多学者认为 21 章基遍人的事发生在大卫作王的前期,22 章的诗则是大卫脱离扫罗和众仇敌之后作的()。
点经节可选取,长按即复制点经节可选取,按 Ctrl+C⌘C 复制
撒母耳记下 第 21 章
基遍人的冤屈
1大卫年间有饥荒,一连三年,大卫就求问耶和华。耶和华说:“这饥荒是因扫罗和他流人血之家杀死。”During the reign of David there was a famine for three successive years, and David sought the face of the LORD. And the LORD said, “It is because of the blood shed by Saul and his family, because he killed the Gibeonites.”
2原来这基遍人不是以色列人,乃是亚摩利人中所剩的;以色列人曾向他们起誓,不杀灭他们,扫罗却为以色列人和犹大人发热心,想要杀灭他们。大卫王召了他们来,At this, David summoned the Gibeonites and spoke to them. (Now the Gibeonites were not Israelites, but a remnant of the Amorites. The Israelites had taken an oath concerning them, but in his zeal for Israel and Judah, Saul had sought to kill them.)
3问他们说:“我当为你们怎样行呢?可用什么,使你们为耶和华的产业祝福呢?”So David asked the Gibeonites, “What shall I do for you? How can I make amends so that you may bless the inheritance of the LORD?”
4基遍人回答说:“我们和扫罗与他家的事并不关乎金银,也不要因我们的缘故杀一个以色列人。”大卫说:“你们怎样说,我就为你们怎样行。”The Gibeonites said to him, “We need no silver or gold from Saul or his house, nor should you put to death anyone in Israel for us.” “Whatever you ask, I will do for you,” he replied.
5他们对王说:“那从前谋害我们、要灭我们、使我们不得再住以色列境内的人,And they answered the king, “As for the man who consumed us and plotted against us to exterminate us from existing within any border of Israel,
6现在愿将他的子孙七人交给我们,我们好在耶和华面前,将他们悬挂在耶和华拣选扫罗的基比亚。”王说:“我必交给你们。”let seven of his male descendants be delivered to us so that we may hang them before the LORD at Gibeah of Saul, the chosen of the LORD.” “I will give them to you,” said the king.
7王因为曾与扫罗的儿子约拿单指着耶和华起誓结盟,就爱惜扫罗的孙子、约拿单的儿子米非波设,不交出来,Now the king spared Mephibosheth son of Jonathan, the son of Saul, because of the oath before the LORD between David and Jonathan son of Saul.
8却把爱雅的女儿给扫罗所生的两个儿子亚摩尼、米非波设,和扫罗女儿米甲的姊姊给米何拉人巴西莱儿子亚得列所生的五个儿子But the king took Armoni and Mephibosheth, the two sons whom Rizpah daughter of Aiah had borne to Saul, as well as the five sons whom Merab daughter of Saul had borne to Adriel son of Barzillai the Meholathite.
9交在基遍人的手里。基遍人就把他们,在耶和华面前,悬挂在山上,这七人就一同死亡。被杀的时候正是收割的日子,就是动手割大麦的时候。And he delivered them into the hands of the Gibeonites, and they hanged them on the hill before the LORD. So all seven of them fell together; they were put to death in the first days of the harvest, at the beginning of the barley harvest.
利斯巴守护尸身
10爱雅的女儿利斯巴用麻布在磐石上搭棚,从动手收割的时候直到天降雨在尸身上的时候,日间不容空中的雀鸟落在尸身上,夜间不让田野的走兽前来糟践。And Rizpah the daughter of Aiah took sackcloth and spread it out for herself on a rock. From the beginning of the harvest until the rain from heaven poured down on the bodies, she did not allow the birds of the air to rest on them by day, nor the beasts of the field by night.
11有人将扫罗的妃嫔爱雅女儿利斯巴所行的这事告诉大卫。When David was told what Saul’s concubine Rizpah, daughter of Aiah, had done,
安葬扫罗和约拿单
12大卫就去,从基列·雅比人那里将扫罗和他儿子约拿单的骸骨搬了来(是因非利士人从前在基利波杀扫罗,将尸身悬挂在伯·珊的街市上,基列·雅比人把尸身偷了去。)he went and took the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan from the men of Jabesh-gilead, who had stolen them from the public square of Beth-shan where the Philistines had hung the bodies after they had struck down Saul at Gilboa.
13大卫将扫罗和他儿子约拿单的骸骨从那里搬了来,又收殓被悬挂七人的骸骨,So David had the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan brought from there, and they also gathered the bones of those who had been hanged.
14将扫罗和他儿子约拿单的骸骨葬在便雅悯的洗拉,在扫罗父亲基士的坟墓里;众人行了王所吩咐的。此后 神垂听国民所求的。And they buried the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan in Zela in the land of Benjamin, in the tomb of Saul’s father Kish. After they had done everything the king had commanded, God answered their prayers for the land.
击杀非利士伟人
15非利士人与以色列人打仗;大卫带领仆人下去,与非利士人接战,大卫就疲乏了。Once again the Philistines waged war against Israel, and David and his servants went down and fought against the Philistines. But David became exhausted.
16的一个儿子以实·比诺要杀大卫;他的铜枪重三百舍客勒,又佩着新刀。Then Ishbi-benob, a descendant of Rapha, whose bronze spear weighed three hundred shekels and who was bearing a new sword, resolved to kill David.
17但洗鲁雅的儿子亚比筛帮助大卫,攻打非利士人,将他杀死。当日,跟随大卫的人向大卫起誓说:“以后你不可再与我们一同出战,恐怕。”But Abishai son of Zeruiah came to his aid, struck the Philistine, and killed him. Then David’s men swore to him, “You must never again go out with us to battle, so that the lamp of Israel may not be extinguished.”
18后来,以色列人在歌伯与非利士人打仗,户沙人西比该杀了伟人的一个儿子撒弗。Some time later at Gob, there was another battle with the Philistines. At that time Sibbecai the Hushathite killed Saph, a descendant of Rapha.
19又在歌伯与非利士人打仗,伯利恒人雅雷俄珥金的儿子伊勒哈难杀了迦特人。这人的枪杆粗如织布的。Once again there was a battle with the Philistines at Gob, and Elhanan son of Jair the Bethlehemite killed the brother of Goliath the Gittite, the shaft of whose spear was like a weaver’s beam.
20又在迦特打仗,那里有一个身量高大的人,手脚都是六指,共有二十四个指头;他也是伟人的儿子。And there was also a battle at Gath, where there was a man of great stature with six fingers on each hand and six toes on each foot—twenty-four in all. He too was descended from Rapha,
21这人向以色列人骂阵,大卫的哥哥示米亚的儿子约拿单就杀了他。and when he taunted Israel, Jonathan the son of David’s brother Shimei killed him.
22这四个人是迦特伟人的儿子,都死在大卫和他仆人的手下。So these four descendants of Rapha in Gath fell at the hands of David and his servants.
撒母耳记下 第 22 章
大卫的感恩诗:耶和华是我的岩石
1当耶和华救大卫脱离一切仇敌和扫罗之手的日子,他向耶和华念这诗,And David sang this song to the LORD on the day the LORD had delivered him from the hand of all his enemies and from the hand of Saul.
2说:耶和华是我的岩石,我的,我的救主,He said: “The LORD is my rock, my fortress, and my deliverer.
3我的 神,我的磐石,我所投靠的。他是我的盾牌,是,是我的高台,是我的避难所。我的救主啊,你是救我脱离强暴的。My God is my rock, in whom I take refuge, my shield, and the horn of my salvation. My stronghold, my refuge, and my Savior, You save me from violence.
4我要求告当赞美的耶和华,这样,我必从仇敌手中被救出来。I will call upon the LORD, who is worthy to be praised; so shall I be saved from my enemies.
5曾有死亡的波浪环绕我,的急流使我惊惧,For the waves of death engulfed me; the torrents of chaos overwhelmed me.
6阴间的绳索缠绕我,死亡的网罗临到我。The cords of Sheol entangled me; the snares of death confronted me.
7我在急难中求告耶和华,向我的 神呼求。他从殿中听了我的声音;我的呼求入了他的耳中。In my distress I called upon the LORD; I cried out to my God. And from His temple He heard my voice, and my cry for help reached His ears.
神从天上降临拯救
8那时因他发怒,地就摇撼战抖;天的根基也震动摇撼。Then the earth shook and quaked; the foundations of the heavens trembled; they were shaken because He burned with anger.
9从他鼻孔冒烟上腾;从他口中发火焚烧,连炭也着了。Smoke rose from His nostrils, and consuming fire came from His mouth; glowing coals blazed forth.
10他又使天下垂,亲自降临;有黑云在他脚下。He parted the heavens and came down with dark clouds beneath His feet.
11他坐着飞行,在风的翅膀上显现。He mounted a cherub and flew; He soared on the wings of the wind.
12他以黑暗和聚集的水、天空的厚云为他四围的行宫。He made darkness a canopy around Him, a gathering of water and thick clouds.
13因他面前的光辉炭都着了。From the brightness of His presence coals of fire blazed forth.
14耶和华从天上打雷;至高者发出声音。The LORD thundered from heaven; the voice of the Most High resounded.
15他射出箭来,使仇敌四散,发出闪电,使他们扰乱。He shot His arrows and scattered the foes; He hurled lightning and routed them.
16耶和华的斥责一发,鼻孔的气一出,海底就出现,大地的根基也显露。The channels of the sea appeared, and the foundations of the world were exposed at the rebuke of the LORD, at the blast of the breath of His nostrils.
17他从高天伸手抓住我,把我从大水中拉上来。He reached down from on high and took hold of me; He drew me out of deep waters.
18他救我脱离我的劲敌和那些恨我的人,因为他们比我强盛。He rescued me from my powerful enemy, from foes too mighty for me.
19我遭遇灾难的日子,他们来攻击我;但耶和华是我的倚靠。They confronted me in my day of calamity, but the LORD was my support.
20他又领我到宽阔之处;他救拔我,因他喜悦我。He brought me out into the open; He rescued me because He delighted in me.
耶和华按我的公义报答我
21耶和华按着我的公义报答我,按着我手中的清洁赏赐我。The LORD has rewarded me according to my righteousness; He has repaid me according to the cleanness of my hands.
22因为我遵守了耶和华的道,未曾作恶离开我的 神。For I have kept the ways of the LORD and have not wickedly departed from my God.
23他的一切典章常在我面前;他的律例,我也未曾离弃。For all His ordinances are before me; I have not disregarded His statutes.
24我在他面前作了完全人;我也保守自己远离我的罪孽。And I have been blameless before Him and kept myself from iniquity.
25所以耶和华按我的公义,按我在他眼前的清洁赏赐我。So the LORD has repaid me according to my righteousness, according to my cleanness in His sight.
神怎样待人
26慈爱的人,你以慈爱待他;完全的人,你以完全待他;To the faithful You show Yourself faithful, to the blameless You show Yourself blameless;
27清洁的人,你以清洁待他;的人,你以弯曲待他。to the pure You show Yourself pure, but to the crooked You show Yourself shrewd.
28困苦的百姓,你必拯救;但你的眼目察看高傲的人,使他降卑。You save an afflicted people, but Your eyes are on the haughty to bring them down.
耶和华是我的灯
29耶和华啊,你是我的灯;耶和华必照明我的黑暗。For You, O LORD, are my lamp; the LORD lights up my darkness.
30我借着你冲入敌军,借着我的 神跳过墙垣。For in You I can charge an army; with my God I can scale a wall.
31至于 神,他的道是完全的;耶和华的话是炼净的。凡投靠他的,他便作他们的盾牌。As for God, His way is perfect; the word of the LORD is flawless. He is a shield to all who take refuge in Him.
除了耶和华谁是神
32除了耶和华,谁是 神呢?除了我们的 神,谁是磐石呢?For who is God besides the LORD? And who is the Rock except our God?
33神是我坚固的保障;他引导完全人行他的路。God is my strong fortress, and He makes my way clear.
34他使我的脚快如母鹿的蹄,又使我在高处安稳。He makes my feet like those of a deer and stations me upon the heights.
35他教导我的手能以争战,甚至我的膀臂能开铜弓。He trains my hands for battle; my arms can bend a bow of bronze.
36你把你的救恩给我作盾牌;你的温和使我为大。You have given me Your shield of salvation, and Your gentleness exalts me.
37你使我脚下的地步宽阔;我的脚未曾滑跌。You broaden the path beneath me so that my ankles do not give way.
38我追赶我的仇敌,灭绝了他们,未灭以先,我没有归回。I pursued my enemies and destroyed them; I did not turn back until they were consumed.
39我灭绝了他们,打伤了他们,使他们不能起来;他们都倒在我的脚下。I devoured and crushed them so they could not rise; they have fallen under my feet.
40因为你曾以力量束我的腰,使我能争战;你也使那起来攻击我的都服在我以下。You have armed me with strength for battle; You have subdued my foes beneath me.
41你又使我的仇敌在我面前转背逃跑,叫我能以剪除那恨我的人。You have made my enemies retreat before me; I destroyed those who hated me.
42他们仰望,却无人拯救;就是呼求耶和华,他也不应允。They looked, but there was no one to save them—to the LORD, but He did not answer.
43我捣碎他们,如同地上的灰尘,践踏他们,四散在地,如同街上的泥土。I ground them as the dust of the earth; I crushed and trampled them like mud in the streets.
44你救我脱离我百姓的争竞,保护我作列国的元首;我素不认识的民必事奉我。You have delivered me from the strife of my people; You have preserved me as the head of nations; a people I had not known shall serve me.
45外邦人要投降我,一听见我的名声就必顺从我。Foreigners cower before me; when they hear me, they obey me.
46外邦人要,战战兢兢地出他们的营寨。Foreigners lose heart and come trembling from their strongholds.
愿我的磐石被称颂
47耶和华是活 神,愿我的磐石被人称颂!愿 神—那拯救我的磐石被人尊崇!The LORD lives, and blessed be my Rock! And may God, the Rock of my salvation, be exalted—
48这位 神就是那为我伸冤、使众民服在我以下的。the God who avenges me and brings down nations beneath me,
49你救我脱离仇敌,又把我举起,高过那些起来攻击我的;你救我脱离强暴的人。who frees me from my enemies. You exalt me above my foes; You rescue me from violent men.
50耶和华啊,因此我要在外邦中称谢你,歌颂你的名。Therefore I will praise You, O LORD, among the nations; I will sing praises to Your name.
51耶和华赐极大的救恩给他所立的王,施慈爱给他的,就是给大卫和他的后裔,直到永远!Great salvation He brings to His king. He shows loving devotion to His anointed, to David and his descendants forever.”
撒母耳记下 第 23 章
大卫末了的话
1以下是大卫末了的话。耶西的儿子大卫得居高位,是雅各 神所膏的,作以色列的,说:These are the last words of David: “The oracle of David son of Jesse, the oracle of the man raised on high, the one anointed by the God of Jacob, and the sweet psalmist of Israel:
2耶和华的灵借着我说:他的话在我口中。The Spirit of the LORD spoke through me; His word was on my tongue.
3以色列的 神、以色列的磐石晓谕我说:那以公义治理人民的,敬畏 神执掌权柄,The God of Israel spoke; the Rock of Israel said to me, ‘He who rules the people with justice, who rules in the fear of God,
4他必像日出的晨光,如无云的清晨,雨后的晴光,使地发生嫩草。is like the light of the morning at sunrise of a cloudless dawn, the glistening after the rain on the sprouting grass of the earth.’
5我家在 神面前并非如此; 神却与我立永远的约。这约凡事坚稳,关乎我的一切救恩和我一切所想望的,他岂不为我成就吗?Is not my house right with God? For He has established with me an everlasting covenant, ordered and secured in every part. Will He not bring about my full salvation and my every desire?
6但匪类都必像荆棘被丢弃;人不敢用手拿它;But the worthless are all like thorns raked aside, for they can never be gathered by hand.
7拿它的人必带铁器和枪杆,终久它必被火焚烧。The man who touches them must be armed with iron or with the shaft of a spear. The fire burns them to ashes in the place where they lie.”
摘要
大卫年间因扫罗违约杀基遍人而遭三年饥荒,大卫将扫罗后裔七人交给基遍人处死以赎罪,利斯巴忠心守护尸身,大卫最终妥善安葬扫罗家族,神便垂听国民的祷告。随后记载大卫与非利士巨人的争战、大卫感恩的颂歌——他以丰富意象赞美耶和华是磐石、山寨、盾牌与拯救者,宣告神按公义赏赐忠心人。最后是大卫末了的话,论及敬畏神的公义治理如晨光雨露,以及神与他所立的永远之约,并列出跟随他的勇士名录。
反思问题
- 当你面对过去(个人或群体)未处理的罪所带来的后果时,你会如何在公义与怜悯之间寻求平衡?
- 大卫在诗歌中用许多比喻称呼神(磐石、盾牌、高台、灯),哪一个比喻最能描述神在你目前处境中的角色?为什么?
- 大卫的勇士们冒死为他打水,大卫却将水奠在神面前——这种将最珍贵之物献给神的态度,如何挑战你对奉献与牺牲的理解?
新约约翰福音 2:1–22
前情提要
上回说到
昨天():施洗约翰说自己不是基督,指着耶稣说“看哪,神的羔羊”;安得烈、西门彼得、腓力、拿但业陆续跟从了耶稣,耶稣应许他们要看见“天开了”()。
今天你会读到
耶稣在加利利迦拿的婚宴上把水变成酒,这是祂行的头一件神迹;接着逾越节上耶路撒冷,用绳子做鞭子把做买卖的赶出圣殿,并说“你们拆毁这殿,我三日内要再建立起来”,祂是指自己的身体。
阅读小提示
约翰福音把耶稣的神迹看作指向祂身分的记号。留意 说这头一件神迹“显出他的荣耀来”,门徒就信了祂。
点时代可看说明
约翰福音记了好几次逾越节(、、),传统因此推算耶稣公开传道约有三年。其他福音书把洁净圣殿记在耶稣最后一周,是一次还是两次,学者看法不一。
约翰福音 第 2 章
迦拿的婚宴
1第三日,在加利利的有娶亲的筵席,耶稣的母亲在那里。On the third day a wedding took place at Cana in Galilee. Jesus’ mother was there,
2耶稣和他的门徒也被请去赴席。and Jesus and His disciples had also been invited to the wedding.
3酒用尽了,耶稣的母亲对他说:“他们没有酒了。”When the wine ran out, Jesus’ mother said to Him, “They have no more wine.”
4耶稣说:“(原文是妇人),?我的时候还没有到。”“Woman, what is that to you and to Me?” Jesus replied. “My hour has not yet come.”
5他母亲对用人说:“他告诉你们什么,你们就做什么。”His mother said to the servants, “Do whatever He tells you.”
水变为酒
6照犹太人,有六口石缸摆在那里,每口可以盛水。Now six stone water jars had been set there for the Jewish rites of purification. Each could hold from twenty to thirty gallons.
7耶稣对用人说:“把缸倒满了水。”他们就倒满了,直到缸口。Jesus told the servants, “Fill the jars with water.” So they filled them to the brim.
8耶稣又说:“现在可以舀出来,送给。”他们就送了去。“Now draw some out,” He said, “and take it to the master of the banquet.” They did so,
9管筵席的尝了那水变的酒,并不知道是哪里来的,只有舀水的用人知道。管筵席的便叫新郎来,and the master of the banquet tasted the water that had been turned into wine. He did not know where it was from, but the servants who had drawn the water knew. Then he called the bridegroom aside
10对他说:“人都是先摆上好酒,等客喝足了,才摆上,你倒把好酒留到如今!”and said, “Everyone serves the fine wine first, and then the cheap wine after the guests are drunk. But you have saved the fine wine until now!”
11这是耶稣所行的头一件,是在加利利的迦拿行的,显出他的荣耀来;他的门徒就信他了。Jesus performed this, the first of His signs, at Cana in Galilee. He thus revealed His glory, and His disciples believed in Him.
在迦百农住了几日
12这事以后,耶稣与他的母亲、弟兄,和门徒都下去,在那里住了不多几日。After this, He went down to Capernaum with His mother and brothers and His disciples, and they stayed there a few days.
洁净圣殿
13犹太人的近了,耶稣就上耶路撒冷去。When the Jewish Passover was near, Jesus went up to Jerusalem.
14看见殿里有卖牛、羊、鸽子的,并有坐在那里,In the temple courts He found men selling cattle, sheep, and doves, and money changers seated at their tables.
15耶稣就拿绳子做成鞭子,把牛羊都赶出殿去,倒出兑换银钱之人的银钱,推翻他们的桌子,So He made a whip out of cords and drove all from the temple courts, both sheep and cattle. He poured out the coins of the money changers and overturned their tables.
16又对卖鸽子的说:“把这些东西拿去!不要将我父的殿当作买卖的地方。”To those selling doves He said, “Get these out of here! How dare you turn My Father’s house into a marketplace!”
17他的门徒就想起经上记着说:“我为你的殿。”His disciples remembered that it is written: “Zeal for Your house will consume Me.”
拆毁这殿,三日再建
18因此犹太人问他说:“你既做这些事,还显什么神迹给我们看呢?”On account of this, the Jews demanded, “What sign can You show us to prove Your authority to do these things?”
19耶稣回答说:“你们拆毁,我三日内要再建立起来。”Jesus answered, “Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up again.”
20犹太人便说:“这殿是才造成的,你三日内就再建立起来吗?”“This temple took forty-six years to build,” the Jews replied, “and You are going to raise it up in three days?”
21但耶稣这话是以他的身体为殿。But Jesus was speaking about the temple of His body.
22所以到他从死里复活以后,门徒就想起他说过这话,便信了圣经和耶稣所说的。After He was raised from the dead, His disciples remembered that He had said this. Then they believed the Scripture and the word that Jesus had spoken.
摘要
耶稣在迦拿婚宴上行了第一件神迹——将水变为酒,显出祂的荣耀,门徒因此信了祂。之后耶稣上耶路撒冷过逾越节,洁净圣殿,赶出做买卖的人,宣告不可将父的殿当作交易场所。当犹太人要求祂显神迹为证时,耶稣预言自己的死与复活,以身体为殿;虽有许多人因神迹信祂,耶稣却不将自己交托他们,因祂深知人心。
反思问题
- 马利亚对用人说‘他告诉你们什么,你们就做什么’——在你的生活中,有哪些领域你需要学习这种对耶稣话语的单纯顺服?
- 耶稣洁净圣殿,表明对敬拜纯洁的看重。反思你的信仰生活中,是否有什么‘买卖’的心态(交换、功利)需要被洁净?
- 经文说耶稣‘知道人心里所存的’,不轻易将自己交托人。这对你理解与耶稣建立真实关系(而非仅停留在表面信仰)有什么启发?