旧约申命记 12:1–13:18
前情提要
上回说到
昨天():摩西说,神向以色列所要的,是敬畏祂、爱祂、遵行祂的道,也要像神一样怜爱孤儿、寡妇和寄居的;迦南是靠天降雨的地,顺从神就有秋雨春雨。最后摩西把祝福与咒诅摆在百姓面前,要他们进迦南后在基利心山和以巴路山宣读。
今天你会读到
从第 12 章起,摩西陈明具体的律例典章。首先是敬拜的地方:要拆毁迦南人拜偶像的一切地方,献祭只能在神所选择、立祂名的地方,并在那里全家欢乐;平常在各城可以宰牲吃肉,只是不可吃血。第 13 章警告:无论是行神迹的先知、至亲好友,或是整座城,若引诱人去拜别神,都要严厉处置。
阅读小提示
留意 –3:即使先知所显的神迹应验了,若他叫人去拜别神,也不可听从,“因为这是耶和华─你们的 神试验你们”;分辨的标准是引人归向谁,不是神迹本身。
点时代可看说明
传统年代约主前 1400 年。这些律例是为进迦南、定居以后的生活预备的。
点经节可选取,长按即复制点经节可选取,按 Ctrl+C⌘C 复制
申命记 第 12 章
拆毁拜偶像的一切地方
1“你们存活于世的日子,在耶和华—你们列祖的 神所赐你们为业的地上,要谨守遵行的律例典章乃是这些:These are the statutes and ordinances you must be careful to follow all the days you live in the land that the LORD, the God of your fathers, has given you to possess.
2你们要将所赶出的国民事奉神的各地方,无论是在高山,在小山,在各,都毁坏了;Destroy completely all the places where the nations you are dispossessing have served their gods—atop the high mountains, on the hills, and under every green tree.
3也要拆毁他们的祭坛,打碎他们的柱像,用火焚烧他们的木偶,砍下他们雕刻的神像,并将其名从那地方除灭。Tear down their altars, smash their sacred pillars, burn up their Asherah poles, cut down the idols of their gods, and wipe out their names from every place.
4你们不可照他们那样事奉耶和华—你们的 神。You shall not worship the LORD your God in this way.
在神所选择的地方敬拜
5但耶和华—你们的 神从你们各支派中选择何处为,你们就当往那里去求问,Instead, you must seek the place the LORD your God will choose from among all your tribes to establish as a dwelling for His Name, and there you must go.
6将你们的、、,和手中的,并还愿祭、,以及牛群羊群中头生的,都奉到那里。To that place you are to bring your burnt offerings and sacrifices, your tithes and heave offerings, your vow offerings and freewill offerings, as well as the firstborn of your herds and flocks.
7在那里,耶和华—你们 神的面前,你们和你们的家属都可以吃,并且因你手所办的一切事蒙耶和华—你的 神赐福,就都欢乐。There, in the presence of the LORD your God, you and your households shall eat and rejoice in all you do, because the LORD your God has blessed you.
将来不可各行其是
8我们今日在这里所行的是各人行自己眼中看为正的事,你们将来不可这样行;You are not to do as we are doing here today, where everyone does what seems right in his own eyes.
9因为你们还没有到耶和华—你 神所赐你的安息地,所给你的产业。For you have not yet come to the resting place and the inheritance that the LORD your God is giving you.
10但你们过了约旦河,得以住在耶和华—你们 神使你们承受为业之地,又使你们太平,不被四围的一切仇敌扰乱,安然居住。When you cross the Jordan and live in the land that the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance, and He gives you rest from all the enemies around you and you dwell securely,
11那时要将我所吩咐你们的燔祭、平安祭、十分取一之物,和手中的举祭,并向耶和华许愿献的一切美祭,都奉到耶和华—你们 神所选择要立为他名的居所。then the LORD your God will choose a dwelling for His Name. And there you are to bring everything I command you: your burnt offerings and sacrifices, your tithes and special gifts, and all the choice offerings you vow to the LORD.
12你们和儿女、仆婢,并住在你们城里无分无业的利未人,都要在耶和华—你们的 神面前欢乐。And you shall rejoice before the LORD your God—you, your sons and daughters, your menservants and maidservants, and the Levite within your gates, since he has no portion or inheritance among you.
13你要谨慎,不可在你所看中的各处献燔祭。Be careful not to offer your burnt offerings in just any place you see;
14惟独耶和华从你那一支派中所选择的地方,你就要在那里献燔祭,行我一切所吩咐你的。you must offer them only in the place the LORD will choose in one of your tribal territories, and there you shall do all that I command you.
在各城可以宰牲吃肉
15“然而,在你各城里都可以照耶和华—你 神所赐你的福分,宰牲吃肉;无论洁净人不洁净人都可以吃,就如吃与鹿一般。But whenever you want, you may slaughter and eat meat within any of your gates, according to the blessing the LORD your God has given you. Both the ceremonially clean and unclean may eat it as they would a gazelle or deer,
16只是不可吃血,要倒在地上,如同倒水一样。but you must not eat the blood; pour it on the ground like water.
17你的五谷、新酒,和油的十分之一,或是牛群羊群中头生的,或是你许愿献的,甘心献的,或是手中的举祭,都不可在你城里吃。Within your gates you must not eat the tithe of your grain or new wine or oil, the firstborn of your herds or flocks, any of the offerings that you have vowed to give, or your freewill offerings or special gifts.
18但要在耶和华—你的 神面前吃,在耶和华—你 神所要选择的地方,你和儿女、仆婢,并住在你城里的利未人,都可以吃;也要因你手所办的,在耶和华—你 神面前欢乐。Instead, you must eat them in the presence of the LORD your God at the place the LORD your God will choose—you, your sons and daughters, your menservants and maidservants, and the Levite within your gates. Rejoice before the LORD your God in all you do,
19你要谨慎,在你所住的地方永不可丢弃利未人。and be careful not to neglect the Levites as long as you live in your land.
只是不可吃血
20“耶和华—你的 神照他所应许扩张你境界的时候,你心里想要吃肉,说:‘我要吃肉’,就可以随心所欲地吃肉。When the LORD your God expands your territory as He has promised, and you crave meat and say, “I want to eat meat,” you may eat it whenever you want.
21耶和华—你 神所选择要立他名的地方若离你太远,就可以照我所吩咐的,将耶和华赐给你的牛羊取些宰了,可以随心所欲在你城里吃。If the place where the LORD your God chooses to put His Name is too far from you, then you may slaughter any of the herd or flock He has given you, as I have commanded you, and you may eat it within your gates whenever you want.
22你吃那肉,要像吃羚羊与鹿一般;无论洁净人不洁净人都可以吃。Indeed, you may eat it as you would eat a gazelle or deer; both the ceremonially unclean and the clean may eat it.
23只是你要,不可吃血,因为;不可将血(原文是生命)与肉同吃。Only be sure not to eat the blood, because the blood is the life, and you must not eat the life with the meat.
24不可吃血,要倒在地上,如同倒水一样。You must not eat the blood; pour it on the ground like water.
25不可吃血。这样,你行耶和华眼中看为正的事,你和你的子孙就可以得福。Do not eat it, so that it may go well with you and your children after you, because you will be doing what is right in the eyes of the LORD.
26只是你分别为圣的物和你的还愿祭要奉到耶和华所选择的地方去。But you are to take your holy things and your vow offerings and go to the place the LORD will choose.
27你的燔祭,连肉带血,都要献在耶和华—你 神的坛上。平安祭的血要倒在耶和华—你 神的坛上;平安祭的肉,你自己可以吃。Present the meat and blood of your burnt offerings on the altar of the LORD your God. The blood of your other sacrifices must be poured out beside the altar of the LORD your God, but you may eat the meat.
28你要谨守听从我所吩咐的一切话,行耶和华—你 神眼中看为善,看为正的事。这样,你和你的子孙就可以永远享福。”Be careful to obey all these things I command you, so that it may always go well with you and your children after you, because you will be doing what is good and right in the eyes of the LORD your God.
不可效法迦南人拜他们的神
29“耶和华—你 神将你要去赶出的国民从你面前剪除,你得了他们的地居住,When the LORD your God cuts off before you the nations you are entering to dispossess, and you drive them out and live in their land,
30那时就要谨慎,不可在他们除灭之后随从他们的恶俗,陷入网罗,也不可访问他们的神说:‘这些国民怎样事奉他们的神,我也要照样行。’be careful not to be ensnared by their ways after they have been destroyed before you. Do not inquire about their gods, asking, “How do these nations serve their gods? I will do likewise.”
31你不可向耶和华—你的 神这样行,因为他们向他们的神行了耶和华所所恨恶的一切事,甚至将自己的儿女用火焚烧,献与他们的神。You must not worship the LORD your God in this way, because they practice for their gods every abomination which the LORD hates. They even burn their sons and daughters in the fire as sacrifices to their gods.
32凡我所吩咐的,你们都要谨守遵行,不可加添,也不可删减。See that you do everything I command you; do not add to it or subtract from it.
申命记 第 13 章
不可听从引人拜别神的先知
1“你们中间若有先知或是起来,向你显个神迹奇事,If a prophet or dreamer of dreams arises among you and proclaims a sign or wonder to you,
2对你说:‘我们去随从你素来所不认识的别神,事奉它吧。’他所显的神迹奇事虽有应验,and if the sign or wonder he has spoken to you comes about, but he says, “Let us follow other gods (which you have not known) and let us worship them,”
3你也不可听那先知或是那做梦之人的话;因为这是耶和华—你们的 神试验你们,要知道你们是尽心尽性爱耶和华—你们的 神不是。you must not listen to the words of that prophet or dreamer. For the LORD your God is testing you to find out whether you love Him with all your heart and with all your soul.
4你们要顺从耶和华—你们的 神,敬畏他,谨守他的诫命,听从他的话,事奉他,专靠他。You are to follow the LORD your God and fear Him. Keep His commandments and listen to His voice; serve Him and hold fast to Him.
5那先知或是那做梦的既用言语叛逆那领你们出埃及地、救赎你脱离为奴之家的耶和华—你们的 神,要你离开耶和华—你 神所吩咐你行的道,你便要将他治死。这样,就把那恶从你们中间除掉。Such a prophet or dreamer must be put to death, because he has advocated rebellion against the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt and redeemed you from the house of slavery; he has tried to turn you from the way in which the LORD your God has commanded you to walk. So you must purge the evil from among you.
至亲引诱也不可依从
6“你的同胞弟兄,或是你的儿女,或是你怀中的妻,或是如同你性命的朋友,若暗中引诱你,说:‘我们不如去事奉你和你列祖素来所不认识的别神—If your very own brother, or your son or daughter, or the wife you embrace, or your closest friend secretly entices you, saying, “Let us go and worship other gods” (which neither you nor your fathers have known,
7是你四围列国的神。’无论是离你近,离你远,从地这边到地那边的神,the gods of the peoples around you, whether near or far, whether from one end of the earth or the other),
8你不可依从他,也不可听从他,眼不可顾惜他。你不可怜恤他,也不可他,you must not yield to him or listen to him. Show him no pity, and do not spare him or shield him.
9总要杀他;你先下手,然后众民也下手,将他治死。Instead, you must surely kill him. Your hand must be the first against him to put him to death, and then the hands of all the people.
10要用石头打死他,因为他想要勾引你离开那领你出埃及地为奴之家的耶和华—你的 神。Stone him to death for trying to turn you away from the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.
11以色列众人都要听见害怕,就不敢在你们中间再行这样的恶了。Then all Israel will hear and be afraid, and will never again do such a wicked thing among you.
被引诱拜偶像的城
12–13“在耶和华—你 神所赐你居住的各城中,你若听人说,有些从你们中间的一座城出来勾引本城的居民,说:‘我们不如去事奉你们素来所不认识的别神’;If, regarding one of the cities the LORD your God is giving you to inhabit, you hear it said that wicked men have arisen from among you and have led the people of their city astray, saying, “Let us go and serve other gods” (which you have not known),
14你就要探听,查究,细细地访问,果然是真,准有这可憎恶的事行在你们中间,then you must inquire, investigate, and interrogate thoroughly. And if it is established with certainty that this abomination has been committed among you,
15你必要用刀杀那城里的居民,把城里所有的,连牲畜,都用刀杀尽。you must surely put the inhabitants of that city to the sword. Devote to destruction all its people and livestock.
16你从那城里所夺的财物都要堆积在街市上,用火将城和其内所夺的财物都在耶和华—你 神面前烧尽;那城就永为,不可再建造。And you are to gather all its plunder in the middle of the public square, and completely burn the city and all its plunder as a whole burnt offering to the LORD your God. The city must remain a mound of ruins forever, never to be rebuilt.
17–18那当毁灭的物连一点都不可你的手。你要听从耶和华—你 神的话,遵守我今日所吩咐你的一切诫命,行耶和华—你 神眼中看为正的事,耶和华就必转意,不发烈怒,恩待你,怜恤你,照他向你列祖所起的誓使你人数增多。”Nothing devoted to destruction shall cling to your hands, so that the LORD will turn from His fierce anger, grant you mercy, show you compassion, and multiply you as He swore to your fathers, because you obey the LORD your God, keeping all His commandments I am giving you today and doing what is right in the eyes of the LORD your God.
摘要
摩西吩咐以色列人进入应许之地后,必须彻底毁灭迦南人一切偶像敬拜的场所,并且只在耶和华所选定的唯一敬拜中心献祭与欢乐,不可各人行自己眼中看为正的事。同时严厉警告:无论是假先知行神迹引诱、至亲好友私下劝说、或整座城邑集体叛离,凡引人离弃耶和华去事奉别神的,都必须坚决除灭,因为这是神试验百姓是否尽心尽性爱祂。
反思问题
- 在你的生活中,是否有某些习惯、价值观或文化潮流正悄悄取代神在你心中的首位?你如何分辨并拒绝这些影响?
- 当身边亲近的人(家人、好友)的意见或行为与信仰原则冲突时,你会如何在爱与忠于神之间取得平衡?
- 经文强调不可‘各人行自己眼中看为正的事’,你在日常决定中是以自己的判断还是以神的话语为标准?具体可以如何调整?
新约路加福音 2:1–20
前情提要
上回说到
昨天():伊利莎白生了儿子,撒迦利亚在写字的板上写“他的名字是约翰”,口就开了;他被圣灵充满,预言神要从大卫家兴起救恩,这孩子要在主前面预备道路。约翰渐渐长大,住在旷野。
今天你会读到
罗马皇帝下令报名上册,约瑟带着怀孕的马利亚回到大卫的城伯利恒;耶稣就在那里出生,被放在马槽里。天使向夜间看守羊群的牧羊人报喜信,天兵一同赞美神;牧羊人赶去,果然找到了婴孩,就把天使的话传开。
阅读小提示
天使把“大喜的信息”最先报给夜里在野地看羊的人,而且“记号”是一个卧在马槽里的婴孩():救主是以极卑微的方式来到世上。
点时代可看说明
依传统推算,耶稣约在主前 5 年前后降生。居里扭主持的这次报名上册确切在哪一年,学者仍有讨论。
路加福音 第 2 章
凯撒下令报名上册
1当那些日子,有旨意下来,叫天下人民都。Now in those days a decree went out from Caesar Augustus that a census should be taken of the whole empire.
2这是作叙利亚巡抚的时候,头一次行报名上册的事。This was the first census to take place while Quirinius was governor of Syria.
3众人各归各城,报名上册。And everyone went to his own town to register.
约瑟和马利亚上伯利恒
4约瑟也从加利利的拿撒勒城上犹太去,到了大卫的城,名叫,因他本是大卫一族一家的人,So Joseph also went up from Nazareth in Galilee to Judea, to the city of David called Bethlehem, since he was from the house and line of David.
5要和他马利亚一同报名上册。那时马利亚的身孕已经重了。He went there to register with Mary, who was pledged to him in marriage and was expecting a child.
耶稣降生,放在马槽里
6他们在那里的时候,马利亚的产期到了,While they were there, the time came for her Child to be born.
7就生了的儿子,,放在里,因为里没有地方。And she gave birth to her firstborn, a Son. She wrapped Him in swaddling cloths and laid Him in a manger, because there was no room for them in the inn.
天使向牧羊人报喜信
8在伯利恒之野地里有牧羊的人,夜间看守羊群。And there were shepherds residing in the fields nearby, keeping watch over their flocks by night.
9有主的使者站在他们旁边,主的荣光四面照着他们;牧羊的人就甚惧怕。Just then an angel of the Lord stood before them, and the glory of the Lord shone around them, and they were terrified.
10那天使对他们说:“不要惧怕!我报给你们大喜的信息,是关乎万民的;But the angel said to them, “Do not be afraid! For behold, I bring you good news of great joy that will be for all the people:
11因今天在大卫的城里,为你们生了救主,就是主。Today in the city of David a Savior has been born to you. He is Christ the Lord!
12你们要看见一个婴孩,包着布,卧在马槽里,那就是记号了。”And this will be a sign to you: You will find a baby wrapped in swaddling cloths and lying in a manger.”
天兵赞美神
13忽然,有一大队同那天使赞美 神说:And suddenly there appeared with the angel a great multitude of the heavenly host, praising God and saying:
14在至高之处荣耀归与 神!在地上平安归与他所喜悦的人(有古卷:喜悦归与人)!“Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace to men on whom His favor rests!”
牧羊人找到婴孩
15众天使离开他们,升天去了。牧羊的人彼此说:“我们往伯利恒去,看看所成的事,就是主所指示我们的。”When the angels had left them and gone into heaven, the shepherds said to one another, “Let us go to Bethlehem and see this thing that has happened, which the Lord has made known to us.”
16他们急忙去了,就寻见马利亚和约瑟,又有那婴孩卧在马槽里;So they hurried off and found Mary and Joseph and the Baby, who was lying in the manger.
17既然看见,就把天使论这孩子的话传开了。After they had seen the Child, they spread the message they had received about Him.
18凡听见的,就诧异牧羊之人对他们所说的话。And all who heard it were amazed at what the shepherds said to them.
19马利亚却把这一切的事存在心里,反复思想。But Mary treasured up all these things and pondered them in her heart.
20牧羊的人回去了,因所听见所看见的一切事,正如天使向他们所说的,就归荣耀与 神,赞美他。The shepherds returned, glorifying and praising God for all they had heard and seen, which was just as the angel had told them.
摘要
在该撒亚古士督下令天下报名上册的时代背景下,约瑟带着身孕已重的马利亚前往伯利恒,救主耶稣基督在卑微的马槽中降生。天使向旷野中守夜的牧羊人宣告这大喜信息,天军赞美神,牧羊人急忙前往见证后便四处传扬,而马利亚则将这一切事存在心里反复思想。
反思问题
- 神选择让救主降生在马槽、首先向卑微的牧羊人显现,这对你理解神的价值观和祂如何看待世人的地位有什么启发?
- 牧羊人听见好消息后立刻行动并传扬出去,你在领受神的恩典或感动时,是否也能积极回应并与人分享?
- 马利亚‘把这一切的事存在心里,反复思想’,你在忙碌的日常中是否有安静默想神作为的习惯?可以如何培养这样的操练?