舊約詩篇 1–6 篇
書卷介紹:詩篇詩歌智慧書
在人生的各種處境中,用禱告和詩歌來到神面前。
詩篇是以色列人的詩歌和禱告集,共 150 篇,分成五卷。裡面有讚美、感恩、哀歌、認罪、求助,也有預言彌賽亞的詩。作者們誠實地把喜樂、憂傷、憤怒和懼怕都帶到神面前。許多基督徒用詩篇作為每天禱告的幫助。
前情提要
上回說到
昨天讀完約伯記:神要約伯看河馬和鱷魚,約伯說「我從前風聞有你,現在親眼看見你」();神責備三個朋友,約伯為他們祈禱以後,神加倍賜福給他。
今天你會讀到
詩篇是以色列人的詩歌與禱告集,共一百五十篇。第 1 篇說喜愛神律法的人像溪水旁的樹;第 2 篇講神所立的君王;第 3–6 篇是大衛在被追殺、被欺壓、病痛中的禱告。
閱讀小提示
留意 和 都說到躺下睡覺:第 3 篇標題說大衛正在逃避兒子押沙龍,他在這樣的危險中仍能安心睡覺,因為是耶和華保佑他。
點時代可看說明
詩篇由多位作者在約主前 1400–500 年間陸續寫成(傳統看法);第 3–6 篇標題歸於大衛,第 3 篇的背景是押沙龍叛變(撒下 15–18 章)。
點經節可選取,長按即複製點經節可選取,按 Ctrl+C⌘C 複製
詩篇 第 1 章
有福的人:喜愛神的律法
1不從惡人的計謀,不站罪人的道路,不坐的座位,Blessed is the man who does not walk in the counsel of the wicked, or set foot on the path of sinners, or sit in the seat of mockers.
2惟喜愛耶和華的律法,晝夜,這人便為有福!But his delight is in the Law of the LORD, and on His law he meditates day and night.
3他要像一棵樹栽在溪水旁,按時候結果子,葉子也不枯乾。凡他所做的盡都順利。He is like a tree planted by streams of water, yielding its fruit in season, whose leaf does not wither, and who prospers in all he does.
惡人像糠秕
4惡人並不是這樣,乃像被風吹散。Not so the wicked! For they are like chaff driven off by the wind.
5因此,當審判的時候惡人必站立不住;罪人在義人的會中也是如此。Therefore the wicked will not stand in the judgment, nor sinners in the assembly of the righteous.
6因為耶和華知道義人的道路;惡人的道路卻必滅亡。For the LORD guards the path of the righteous, but the way of the wicked will perish.
詩篇 第 2 章
列國為甚麼爭鬧
1外邦為甚麼爭鬧?萬民為甚麼謀算虛妄的事?Why do the nations rage and the peoples plot in vain?
2世上的君王一齊起來,臣宰一同商議,要敵擋耶和華並他的,The kings of the earth take their stand and the rulers gather together, against the LORD and against His Anointed One:
3說:我們要掙開他們的捆綁,脫去他們的繩索。“Let us break Their chains and cast away Their cords.”
4那坐在天上的必發笑;主必嗤笑他們。The One enthroned in heaven laughs; the Lord taunts them.
5那時,他要在怒中責備他們,在烈怒中驚嚇他們,Then He rebukes them in His anger, and terrifies them in His fury:
6說:我已經立我的君在─我的聖山上了。“I have installed My King on Zion, upon My holy mountain.”
你是我的兒子
7受膏者說:我要傳聖旨。耶和華曾對我說:你是我的兒子,。I will proclaim the decree spoken to Me by the LORD: “You are My Son; today I have become Your Father.
8你求我,我就將列國賜你為基業,將地極賜你為田產。Ask Me, and I will make the nations Your inheritance, the ends of the earth Your possession.
9你必用鐵杖打破他們;你必將他們如同窯匠的瓦器摔碎。You will break them with an iron scepter; You will shatter them like pottery.”
君王應當省悟
10現在,你們君王應當省悟!你們世上的審判官該受管教!Therefore be wise, O kings; be admonished, O judges of the earth.
11當存畏懼事奉耶和華,又當存戰兢而快樂。Serve the LORD with fear, and rejoice with trembling.
12當,恐怕他發怒,你們便在道中滅亡,因為他的怒氣快要發作。凡投靠他的,都是有福的。Kiss the Son, lest He be angry and you perish in your rebellion, when His wrath ignites in an instant. Blessed are all who take refuge in Him.
詩篇 第 3 章
逃避押沙龍時的禱告
1(大衛逃避他兒子的時候作的詩。)耶和華啊,我的敵人何其加增;有許多人起來攻擊我。A Psalm of David, when he fled from his son Absalom. O LORD, how my foes have increased! How many rise up against me!
2有許多人議論我說:他得不著 神的幫助。(細拉)Many say of me, “God will not deliver him.” Selah
3但你─耶和華是我四圍的盾牌,是我的榮耀,又是。But You, O LORD, are a shield around me, my glory, and the One who lifts my head.
4我用我的聲音求告耶和華,他就從他的聖山上應允我。(細拉)To the LORD I cry aloud, and He answers me from His holy mountain. Selah
我躺下睡覺,我醒著
5我躺下睡覺,我醒著,耶和華都保佑我。I lie down and sleep; I wake again, for the LORD sustains me.
6雖有成萬的百姓來周圍攻擊我,我也不怕。I will not fear the myriads set against me on every side.
7耶和華啊,求你起來!我的 神啊,求你救我!因為你打了我一切仇敵的腮骨,敲碎了惡人的牙齒。Arise, O LORD! Save me, O my God! Strike all my enemies on the jaw; break the teeth of the wicked.
8救恩屬乎耶和華;願你賜福給你的百姓。(細拉)Salvation belongs to the LORD; may Your blessing be on Your people. Selah
詩篇 第 4 章
求顯我為義的神應允我
1(大衛的詩,交與。用絲弦的樂器。)顯我為義的 神啊,我呼籲的時候,求你應允我!我在困苦中,你曾使我寬廣;現在求你憐恤我,聽我的禱告!For the choirmaster. With stringed instruments. A Psalm of David. Answer me when I call, O God of my righteousness! You have relieved my distress; show me grace and hear my prayer.
2你們這哪,你們將我的尊榮變為羞辱要到幾時呢?你們喜愛虛妄,尋找虛假,要到幾時呢?(細拉)How long, O men, will my honor be maligned? How long will you love vanity and seek after lies? Selah
3你們要知道,耶和華已經分別虔誠人歸他自己;我求告耶和華,他必聽我。Know that the LORD has set apart the godly for Himself; the LORD hears when I call to Him.
4你們,不可犯罪;在床上的時候,要心裡思想,並要肅靜。(細拉)Be angry, yet do not sin; on your bed, search your heart and be still. Selah
5當獻上公義的祭,又當倚靠耶和華。Offer the sacrifices of the righteous and trust in the LORD.
你使我心裡快樂
6有許多人說:誰能指示我們甚麼好處?耶和華啊,求你仰起臉來,光照我們。Many ask, “Who can show us the good?” Shine the light of Your face upon us, O LORD.
7你使我心裡快樂,勝過那豐收五穀新酒的人。You have filled my heart with more joy than when grain and new wine abound.
8我必安然躺下睡覺,因為獨有你─耶和華使我安然居住。I will lie down and sleep in peace, for You alone, O LORD, make me dwell in safety.
詩篇 第 5 章
早晨向神陳明心意
1(大衛的詩,交與伶長。用吹的樂器。)耶和華啊,求你留心聽我的言語,顧念我的心思!For the choirmaster, to be accompanied by flutes. A Psalm of David. Give ear to my words, O LORD; consider my groaning.
2我的王我的 神啊,求你垂聽我呼求的聲音!因為我向你祈禱。Attend to the sound of my cry, my King and my God, for to You I pray.
3耶和華啊,早晨你必聽我的聲音;早晨我必向你陳明我的心意,並要!In the morning, O LORD, You hear my voice; at daybreak I lay my plea before You and wait in expectation.
4因為你不是喜悅惡事的 神,惡人不能與你同居。For You are not a God who delights in wickedness; no evil can dwell with You.
5狂傲人不能站在你眼前;凡作孽的,都是你所恨惡的。The boastful cannot stand in Your presence; You hate all workers of iniquity.
6說謊言的,你必滅絕;好流人血弄詭詐的,都為耶和華所憎惡。You destroy those who tell lies; the LORD abhors the man of bloodshed and deceit.
7至於我,我必憑你豐盛的慈愛進入你的居所;我必存敬畏你的心向你的聖殿下拜。But I will enter Your house by the abundance of Your loving devotion; in reverence I will bow down toward Your holy temple.
8耶和華啊,求你因我的仇敵,憑你的公義引領我,使你的道路在我面前正直。Lead me, O LORD, in Your righteousness because of my enemies; make straight Your way before me.
惡人的口與心
9因為,他們的口中沒有誠實;他們的心裡滿有邪惡;他們的喉嚨是敞開的墳墓;他們用舌頭諂媚人。For not a word they speak can be trusted; destruction lies within them. Their throats are open graves; their tongues practice deceit.
10神啊,求你定他們的罪!願他們因自己的計謀跌倒;願你在他們許多的過犯中把他們逐出,因為他們背叛了你。Declare them guilty, O God; let them fall by their own devices. Drive them out for their many transgressions, for they have rebelled against You.
投靠神的必喜樂
11凡投靠你的,願他們喜樂,時常歡呼,因為你護庇他們;又願那愛你名的人都靠你歡欣。But let all who take refuge in You rejoice; let them ever shout for joy. May You shelter them, that those who love Your name may rejoice in You.
12因為你必賜福與義人;耶和華啊,你必用恩惠如同盾牌四面護衛他。For surely You, O LORD, bless the righteous; You surround them with the shield of Your favor.
詩篇 第 6 章
求你不要在怒中責備我
1(大衛的詩,交與伶長。用絲弦的樂器,。)耶和華啊,求你不要在怒中責備我,也不要在烈怒中懲罰我!For the choirmaster. With stringed instruments, according to Sheminith. A Psalm of David. O LORD, do not rebuke me in Your anger or discipline me in Your wrath.
2耶和華啊,求你可憐我,因為我軟弱。耶和華啊,求你醫治我,因為我的骨頭發戰。Be merciful to me, O LORD, for I am frail; heal me, O LORD, for my bones are in agony.
3我心也大大地驚惶。耶和華啊,你要到幾時才救我呢?My soul is deeply distressed. How long, O LORD, how long?
4耶和華啊,求你轉回搭救我!因你的慈愛拯救我。Turn, O LORD, and deliver my soul; save me because of Your loving devotion.
5因為,在死地無人記念你,在有誰稱謝你?For there is no mention of You in death; who can praise You from Sheol?
6我因唉哼而困乏;我每夜流淚,把床榻漂起,把褥子濕透。I am weary from groaning; all night I flood my bed with weeping and drench my couch with tears.
7我因憂愁眼睛,又因我一切的敵人眼睛昏花。My eyes fail from grief; they grow dim because of all my foes.
耶和華聽了我的哀哭
8你們一切作孽的人,離開我吧!因為耶和華聽了我哀哭的聲音。Depart from me, all you workers of iniquity, for the LORD has heard my weeping.
9耶和華聽了我的懇求;耶和華必收納我的禱告。The LORD has heard my cry for mercy; the LORD accepts my prayer.
10我的一切仇敵都必羞愧,大大驚惶;他們必要退後,忽然羞愧。All my enemies will be ashamed and dismayed; they will turn back in sudden disgrace.
摘要
詩篇第一至六篇開篇以義人與惡人兩條道路的鮮明對比揭示敬畏神的福樂,繼而宣告神在錫安設立受膏君王、掌管萬國的主權。第三至六篇則是大衛在仇敵圍困、內心苦痛中向神發出的禱告,從懼怕到信靠、從哀哭到確信神必垂聽,展現義人在患難中仍緊緊倚靠神的信心歷程。
反思問題
- 詩篇第一篇描述義人『晝夜思想耶和華的律法』,你目前的生活節奏中,有哪些時段可以更刻意地親近神的話語?
- 大衛在極大的患難與敵人攻擊中仍能安然躺下睡覺(、),當你面對壓力或不安時,什麼攔阻你將重擔交託給神?
- 詩篇第六篇中大衛坦誠地向神傾訴軟弱與眼淚,你是否願意在禱告中也如此真實地向神表達你的掙扎?這樣的坦誠對你的信仰生活有何意義?
新約羅馬書 3:21–4:25
前情提要
上回說到
昨天():保羅引用一連串舊約經文,證明猶太人和希臘人「都在罪惡之下」,「沒有義人,連一個也沒有」;沒有人能靠行律法稱義,律法是叫人知罪。
今天你會讀到
轉捩點是「但如今」:神的義在律法以外顯明,人因信耶穌基督就白白地稱義,所以沒有可誇的。第 4 章以亞伯拉罕為例:他在受割禮以前,因信神就算為義,成了一切相信之人的父。
閱讀小提示
引用 的話, 引用大衛的 (過幾天就會讀到)。保羅用律法書和詩篇兩個見證,說明人稱義一向是因著信。
■ 當時 □ 預言所指
點時代可看說明
傳統認為約主後 57 年寫於哥林多;第 4 章談到的亞伯拉罕屬於族長時期。
羅馬書 第 3 章
神的義在律法以外顯明
21, 神的義在律法以外已經顯明出來,有律法和先知為證:But now, apart from the law, the righteousness of God has been revealed, as attested by the Law and the Prophets.
22就是 神的義,因信耶穌基督加給一切相信的人,並沒有分別。And this righteousness from God comes through faith in Jesus Christ to all who believe. There is no distinction,
23因為世人都犯了罪,了 神的榮耀;for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God,
24如今卻蒙 神的恩典,因基督耶穌的,就稱義。and are justified freely by His grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus.
耶穌作挽回祭
25神設立耶穌作,是憑著耶穌的血,藉著人的信,要顯明 神的義;因為他用忍耐的心人先時所犯的罪,God presented Him as an atoning sacrifice in His blood through faith, in order to demonstrate His righteousness, because in His forbearance He had passed over the sins committed beforehand.
26好在今時顯明他的義,使人知道他自己為義,也稱信耶穌的人為義。He did this to demonstrate His righteousness at the present time, so as to be just and to justify the one who has faith in Jesus.
沒有可誇的
27既是這樣,哪裡能誇口呢?沒有可誇的了。用何法沒有的呢?是用立功之法嗎?不是,乃用。Where, then, is boasting? It is excluded. On what principle? On that of works? No, but on that of faith.
28所以(有古卷:因為)我們看定了:人稱義是因著信,不在乎遵行律法。For we maintain that a man is justified by faith apart from works of the law.
29難道 神只作猶太人的 神嗎?不也是作外邦人的 神嗎?是的,也作外邦人的 神。Is God the God of Jews only? Is He not the God of Gentiles too? Yes, of Gentiles too,
30神既是一位,他就要因信稱那受割禮的為義,也要因信稱那未受割禮的為義。since there is only one God, who will justify the circumcised by faith and the uncircumcised through that same faith.
31這樣,我們因信廢了律法嗎?斷乎不是!更是堅固律法。Do we, then, nullify the law by this faith? Certainly not! Instead, we uphold the law.
羅馬書 第 4 章
亞伯拉罕因信稱義
1如此說來,我們的祖宗憑著肉體得了甚麼呢?What then shall we say that Abraham, our forefather according to the flesh, has discovered?
2倘若亞伯拉罕是因行為稱義,就有可誇的;只是在 神面前並無可誇。If Abraham was indeed justified by works, he had something to boast about, but not before God.
3經上說甚麼呢?說:「亞伯拉罕信 神,這就他的義。」For what does the Scripture say? “Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness.”
4做工的得,不算恩典,乃是該得的;Now the wages of the worker are not credited as a gift, but as an obligation.
5惟有不做工的,只信稱罪人為義的 神,他的信就算為義。However, to the one who does not work, but believes in Him who justifies the ungodly, his faith is credited as righteousness.
大衛論蒙赦免的福
6正如大衛稱那在行為以外蒙 神算為義的人是有福的。And David speaks likewise of the blessedness of the man to whom God credits righteousness apart from works:
7他說:得赦免其過、遮蓋其罪的,這人是有福的。“Blessed are they whose lawless acts are forgiven, whose sins are covered.
8主不算為有罪的,這人是有福的。Blessed is the man whose sin the Lord will never count against him.”
在受割禮以前就算為義
9如此看來,這福是單加給那受割禮的人嗎?不也是加給那未受割禮的人嗎?因我們所說,亞伯拉罕的信,就算為他的義,Is this blessing only on the circumcised, or also on the uncircumcised? We have been saying that Abraham’s faith was credited to him as righteousness.
10是怎麼算的呢?是在他受割禮的時候呢?是在他未受割禮的時候呢?不是在受割禮的時候,乃是在未受割禮的時候。In what context was it credited? Was it after his circumcision, or before? It was not after, but before.
11並且他受了割禮的記號,作他未受割禮的時候因信稱義的,叫他作一切未受割禮而信之人的父,使他們也算為義;And he received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. So then, he is the father of all who believe but are not circumcised, in order that righteousness might be credited to them.
12又作受割禮之人的父,就是那些不但受割禮,並且按我們的祖宗亞伯拉罕未受割禮而信之去行的人。And he is also the father of the circumcised who not only are circumcised, but who also walk in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham had before he was circumcised.
應許是因信而得
13因為 神應許亞伯拉罕和他後裔,必得承受世界,不是因律法,乃是因信而得的義。For the promise to Abraham and his offspring that he would be heir of the world was not given through the law, but through the righteousness that comes by faith.
14若是屬乎律法的人才得為後嗣,信就歸於虛空,應許也就廢棄了。For if those who live by the law are heirs, faith is useless and the promise is worthless,
15因為律法是惹動忿怒的(或譯:叫人受刑的);哪裡沒有律法,那裡就沒有過犯。because the law brings wrath. And where there is no law, there is no transgression.
16所以人得為後嗣是本乎信,因此就屬乎恩,叫應許定然歸給一切後裔;不但歸給那屬乎律法的,也歸給那效法亞伯拉罕之信的。Therefore, the promise comes by faith, so that it may rest on grace and may be guaranteed to all Abraham’s offspring—not only to those who are of the law, but also to those who are of the faith of Abraham. He is the father of us all.
17亞伯拉罕所信的,是那叫死人復活、的 神,他在主面前作我們世人的父。如經上所記:「我已經立你作多國的父。」As it is written: “I have made you a father of many nations.” He is our father in the presence of God, in whom he believed, the God who gives life to the dead and calls into being what does not yet exist.
在無可指望時仍有指望
18他在無可指望的時候,因信仍有指望,就得以作多國的父,正如先前所說:「你的後裔將要如此。」Against all hope, Abraham in hope believed and so became the father of many nations, just as he had been told, “So shall your offspring be.”
19他將近百歲的時候,雖然想到自己的身體如同已死,的生育已經斷絕,他的信心還是不軟弱;Without weakening in his faith, he acknowledged the decrepitness of his body (since he was about a hundred years old) and the lifelessness of Sarah’s womb.
20並且仰望 神的應許,總沒有因不信心裡起疑惑,反倒因信心裡得堅固,將榮耀歸給 神,Yet he did not waver through disbelief in the promise of God, but was strengthened in his faith and gave glory to God,
21且滿心相信 神所應許的必能做成。being fully persuaded that God was able to do what He had promised.
22所以,這就算為他的義。This is why “it was credited to him as righteousness.”
也是為我們寫的
23「算為他義」的這句話不是單為他寫的,Now the words “it was credited to him” were written not only for Abraham,
24也是為我們將來得算為義之人寫的,就是我們這信 神使我們的主耶穌從死裡復活的人。but also for us, to whom righteousness will be credited—for us who believe in Him who raised Jesus our Lord from the dead.
25耶穌被交給人,是為我們的過犯;復活,是為叫我們稱義(或譯:耶穌是為我們的過犯交付了,是為我們稱義復活了)。He was delivered over to death for our trespasses and was raised to life for our justification.
摘要
羅馬書三章21節至四章25節是保羅因信稱義教義的核心論述:世人都犯了罪,無人能靠行律法在神面前稱義,惟獨藉著信靠耶穌基督的救贖,人才能白白被稱為義。保羅以亞伯拉罕為例,證明稱義是因信而非因行為或割禮,這救恩的應許不分猶太人與外邦人,凡信的人都能領受,因為耶穌的死是為我們的過犯,祂的復活是為叫我們稱義。
反思問題
- 保羅說『人稱義是因著信,不在乎遵行律法』(),在你的信仰生活中,是否有時仍不自覺地想靠自己的表現來贏得神的接納?
- 亞伯拉罕在『無可指望的時候,因信仍有指望』(),你目前生活中有沒有看似不可能、卻需要憑信心仰望神的事情?
- 羅馬書強調稱義的恩典是給『一切相信的人,並沒有分別』(),這對你看待身邊不同背景的人有什麼提醒?