舊約那鴻書 1:1–3:19
書卷介紹:那鴻書小先知書
神是公義的,殘暴的尼尼微必遭審判,投靠神的人必得保護。
約拿之後大約一百年,尼尼微又回到殘暴的道路,亞述帝國四處侵略、欺壓列國。那鴻宣告神要審判尼尼微,這座看似堅固的大城必要傾覆。這對受苦的猶大是安慰的好消息。書中也說明耶和華本為善,在患難的日子作人的保障。
前情提要
上回說到
昨天讀完彌迦書(6–7 章):神與百姓爭辯,說明祂要的是「行公義,好憐憫,存謙卑的心」;先知哀嘆社會敗壞,卻仍仰望神,最後讚美神赦免罪孽,必將百姓的罪投於深海。今天讀那鴻書。
今天你會讀到
那鴻宣告尼尼微的滅亡:耶和華是忌邪施報的神,卻也本為善,是投靠祂之人的保障,必折斷亞述加在猶大頸項上的軛(1 章);接著生動描寫敵軍攻城、尼尼微被洗劫一空(2 章);這流人血的城必像挪亞們一樣被毀,聽見消息的都要拍掌(3 章)。
閱讀小提示
對照約拿書:約拿的時候尼尼微悔改,神不降災;約一百多年後亞述又變得殘暴,那鴻就宣告它的結局。 說「耶和華不輕易發怒」,但也「萬不以有罪的為無罪」。
點時代可看說明
提到挪亞們(埃及的底比斯)已被攻陷,那是主前 663 年的事,所以那鴻書寫於這之後;尼尼微在主前 612 年被巴比倫和瑪代聯軍攻陷。
點經節可選取,長按即複製點經節可選取,按 Ctrl+C⌘C 複製
那鴻書 第 1 章
論尼尼微的默示
1論尼尼微的默示,就是伊勒歌斯人所得的默示。This is the burden against Nineveh, the book of the vision of Nahum the Elkoshite:
忌邪施報的神
2耶和華是施報的 神。耶和華施報大有忿怒;向他的敵人施報,向他的仇敵懷怒。The LORD is a jealous and avenging God; the LORD is avenging and full of wrath. The LORD takes vengeance on His foes and reserves wrath for His enemies.
3耶和華不輕易發怒,大有能力,萬不以有罪的為無罪。他乘旋風和暴風而來,雲彩為他腳下的塵土。The LORD is slow to anger and great in power; the LORD will by no means leave the guilty unpunished. His path is in the whirlwind and storm, and clouds are the dust beneath His feet.
4他斥責海,使海乾了,使一切江河乾涸。巴珊和迦密的樹林衰殘;黎巴嫩的花草也衰殘了。He rebukes the sea and dries it up; He makes all the rivers run dry. Bashan and Carmel wither, and the flower of Lebanon wilts.
5大山因他震動;小山也都消化。大地在他面前突起;世界和住在其間的也都如此。The mountains quake before Him, and the hills melt away; the earth trembles at His presence—the world and all its dwellers.
6他發忿恨,誰能立得住呢?他發烈怒,誰能當得起呢?他的忿怒如火傾倒;磐石因他崩裂。Who can withstand His indignation? Who can endure His burning anger? His wrath is poured out like fire; even rocks are shattered before Him.
耶和華本為善
7耶和華本為善,在患難的日子為人的保障,並且認得那些投靠他的人。The LORD is good, a stronghold in the day of distress; He cares for those who trust in Him.
8但他必以漲溢的洪水淹沒尼尼微,又驅逐仇敵進入黑暗。But with an overwhelming flood He will make an end of Nineveh and pursue His enemies into darkness.
尼尼微必被剪除
9尼尼微人哪,設何謀攻擊耶和華呢?他必將你們滅絕淨盡;災難不再興起。Whatever you plot against the LORD, He will bring to an end. Affliction will not rise up a second time.
10你們像叢雜的荊棘,像喝醉了的人,又如枯乾的碎秸全然燒滅。For they will be entangled as with thorns and consumed like the drink of a drunkard—like stubble that is fully dry.
11有一人從你那裡出來,圖謀邪惡,設惡計攻擊耶和華。From you, O Nineveh, comes forth a plotter of evil against the LORD, a counselor of wickedness.
我必折斷他的軛
12耶和華如此說:尼尼微雖然勢力充足,人數繁多,也被剪除,歸於無有。猶大啊,我雖然使你受苦,卻不再使你受苦。This is what the LORD says: “Though they are allied and numerous, yet they will be cut down and pass away. Though I have afflicted you, O Judah, I will afflict you no longer.
13現在我必從你頸項上折斷他的,扭開他的繩索。For I will now break their yoke from your neck and tear away your shackles.”
14耶和華已經出令,指著尼尼微說:你名下的人必不留後;我必從你神的廟中除滅雕刻的偶像和鑄造的偶像;我必因你,使你歸於墳墓。The LORD has issued a command concerning you, O Nineveh: “There will be no descendants to carry on your name. I will cut off the carved image and cast idol from the house of your gods; I will prepare your grave, for you are contemptible.”
報好信傳平安之人的腳
15看哪,有的腳登山,說:猶大啊,可以守你的節期,還你所許的願吧!因為那惡人不再從你中間經過,他已滅絕淨盡了。Look to the mountains—the feet of one who brings good news, who proclaims peace! Celebrate your feasts, O Judah; fulfill your vows. For the wicked will never again march through you; they will be utterly cut off.
那鴻書 第 2 章
敵軍攻城
1尼尼微啊,那打碎邦國的上來攻擊你。你要看守保障,謹防道路,使腰強壯,大大勉力。One who scatters advances against you, O Nineveh. Guard the fortress! Watch the road! Brace yourselves! Summon all your strength!
2(耶和華復興雅各的榮華,好像以色列的榮華一樣;因為使地空虛的,已經使雅各和以色列空虛,將他們的葡萄枝毀壞了。)For the LORD will restore the splendor of Jacob like the splendor of Israel, though destroyers have laid them waste and ruined the branches of their vine.
3他勇士的盾牌是紅的,精兵都穿朱紅衣服。在他預備爭戰的日子,戰車上的鋼鐵閃爍如火,柏木把的槍也掄起來了。The shields of his mighty men are red; the valiant warriors are dressed in scarlet. The fittings of the chariots flash like fire on the day they are prepared, and the spears of cypress have been brandished.
4車輛在街上(或譯:城外)急行,在寬闊處奔來奔去,形狀如火把,飛跑如閃電。The chariots dash through the streets; they rush around the plazas, appearing like torches, darting about like lightning.
5尼尼微王招聚他的;他們步行絆跌,速上城牆,預備。He summons his nobles; they stumble as they advance. They race to its wall; the protective shield is set in place.
6河閘開放,宮殿沖沒。The river gates are thrown open and the palace collapses.
7蒙羞,被人擄去;宮女,哀鳴如鴿。此乃命定之事。It is decreed that the city be exiled and carried away; her maidservants moan like doves, and beat upon their breasts.
尼尼微被洗劫
8尼尼微自古以來充滿人民,如同聚水的池子;現在居民卻都逃跑。雖有人呼喊說:站住!站住!卻無人回顧。Nineveh has been like a pool of water throughout her days, but now it is draining away. “Stop! Stop!” they cry, but no one turns back.
9你們搶掠金銀吧!因為所積蓄的無窮,華美的寶器無數。“Plunder the silver! Plunder the gold!” There is no end to the treasure, an abundance of every precious thing.
10尼尼微現在空虛荒涼,人心消化,雙膝相碰,腰都疼痛,臉都變色。She is emptied! Yes, she is desolate and laid waste! Hearts melt, knees knock, bodies tremble, and every face grows pale!
獅子的洞在哪裡
11獅子的洞和少壯獅子餵養之處在哪裡呢?公獅母獅小獅遊行、無人驚嚇之地在哪裡呢?Where is the lions’ lair or the feeding ground of the young lions, where the lion and lioness prowled with their cubs, with nothing to frighten them away?
12公獅為小獅撕碎許多食物,為母獅掐死活物,把撕碎的、掐死的充滿牠的洞穴。The lion mauled enough for its cubs and strangled prey for the lioness. It filled its dens with the kill, and its lairs with mauled prey.
13萬軍之耶和華說:「我與你為敵,必將你的車輛焚燒成煙,刀劍也必吞滅你的少壯獅子。我必從地上除滅你所撕碎的,你使者的聲音必不再聽見。」“Behold, I am against you,” declares the LORD of Hosts. “I will reduce your chariots to cinders, and the sword will devour your young lions. I will cut off your prey from the earth, and the voices of your messengers will no longer be heard.”
那鴻書 第 3 章
流人血的城有禍了
1禍哉!這流人血的城,充滿謊詐和強暴─搶奪的事總不止息。Woe to the city of blood, full of lies, full of plunder, never without prey.
2鞭聲響亮,車輪轟轟,馬匹踢跳,車輛奔騰,The crack of the whip, the rumble of the wheel, galloping horse and bounding chariot!
3馬兵爭先,刀劍發光,槍矛閃爍,被殺的甚多,屍首成了大堆,屍骸無數,人碰著而跌倒,Charging horseman, flashing sword, shining spear; heaps of slain, mounds of corpses, dead bodies without end—they stumble over their dead—
4都因那美貌的妓女多有淫行,慣行邪術,藉淫行誘惑列國,用邪術誘惑(原文是賣)多族。because of the many harlotries of the harlot, the seductive mistress of sorcery, who betrays nations by her prostitution and clans by her witchcraft.
5萬軍之耶和華說:我與你為敵;我必揭起你的衣襟,蒙在你臉上,使列國看見你的赤體,使列邦觀看你的醜陋。“Behold, I am against you,” declares the LORD of Hosts. “I will lift your skirts over your face. I will show your nakedness to the nations and your shame to the kingdoms.
6我必將可憎污穢之物拋在你身上,辱沒你,為眾目所觀。I will pelt you with filth and treat you with contempt; I will make a spectacle of you.
7凡看見你的,都必逃跑離開你,說:尼尼微荒涼了!有誰為你悲傷呢?我何處尋得安慰你的人呢?Then all who see you will recoil from you and say, ‘Nineveh is devastated; who will grieve for her?’ Where can I find comforters for you?”
你豈比挪亞們強呢
8你豈比強呢?挪亞們坐落在眾河之間,周圍有水;海(指尼羅河)作她的濠溝,又作她的城牆。Are you better than Thebes, stationed by the Nile with water around her, whose rampart was the sea, whose wall was the water?
9古實和埃及是她無窮的力量;弗人和是她的幫手。Cush and Egypt were her boundless strength; Put and Libya were her allies.
10但她被遷移,被擄去;她的嬰孩在各市口上也被摔死。人為她的尊貴人拈鬮;她所有的大人都被鍊子鎖著。Yet she became an exile; she went into captivity. Her infants were dashed to pieces at the head of every street. They cast lots for her dignitaries, and all her nobles were bound in chains.
11你也必喝醉,必被埋藏,並因仇敵的緣故尋求避難所。You too will become drunk; you will go into hiding and seek refuge from the enemy.
保障像初熟的無花果
12你一切保障必像無花果樹上初熟的無花果,若一搖撼就落在想吃之人的口中。All your fortresses are fig trees with the first ripe figs; when shaken, they fall into the mouth of the eater!
13你地上的人民如同婦女;你國中的關口向仇敵敞開;你的門閂被火焚燒。Look at your troops—they are like your women! The gates of your land are wide open to your enemies; fire consumes their bars.
14你要打水預備受困;要堅固你的保障,踹土和泥,修補磚窯。Draw your water for the siege; strengthen your fortresses. Work the clay and tread the mortar; repair the brick kiln!
15在那裡,火必燒滅你;刀必殺戮你,吞滅你如同蝻子。任你加增人數多如蝻子,多如蝗蟲吧!There the fire will devour you; the sword will cut you down and consume you like a young locust. Make yourself many like the young locust; make yourself many like the swarming locust!
16你增添商賈,多過天上的星;蝻子吃盡而去。You have multiplied your merchants more than the stars of the sky. The young locust strips the land and flies away.
17你的首領多如蝗蟲;你的彷彿成群的螞蚱,天涼的時候齊落在籬笆上,日頭一出便都飛去,人不知道落在何處。Your guards are like the swarming locust, and your scribes like clouds of locusts that settle on the walls on a cold day. When the sun rises, they fly away, and no one knows where.
亞述王啊,你的牧人睡覺
18啊,你的牧人睡覺;你的貴冑安歇;你的人民散在山間,無人招聚。O king of Assyria, your shepherds slumber; your officers sleep. Your people are scattered on the mountains with no one to gather them.
19你的損傷無法醫治;你的傷痕極其重大。凡聽你信息的必都因此向你。你所行的惡誰沒有時常遭遇呢?There is no healing for your injury; your wound is severe. All who hear the news of you applaud your downfall, for who has not experienced your constant cruelty?
摘要
那鴻書宣告神對尼尼微的審判。耶和華是忌邪施報的神,雖不輕易發怒,卻絕不以有罪為無罪;祂同時是患難中信靠祂之人的保障。全書生動描繪尼尼微因長年的暴行、謊詐與邪術而遭徹底毀滅——城池被攻破、居民四散、財富被掠奪,曾經如獅子般強盛的帝國化為荒涼,無人為其悲傷,其損傷無法醫治。
反思問題
- 神既是施報的神,也是患難中的保障(,)。你如何在生活中同時經歷神的公義與慈愛?
- 尼尼微雖勢力強大卻因罪惡而滅亡。你是否曾倚靠自己的能力或成就而忽略了對神的敬畏?
- 那鴻書結尾說『你所行的惡誰沒有時常遭遇呢?』這提醒你,當你受到不公對待時,可以如何將公義交託給神?
新約啟示錄 14:1–20
前情提要
上回說到
昨天(13 章):從海中上來的獸得了龍的權柄,說褻瀆的話、與聖徒爭戰;從地中上來的獸行奇事,叫人拜獸像,又叫眾人受獸的印記,獸的數目是六百六十六。
今天你會讀到
羔羊和十四萬四千人站在錫安山,額上寫著羔羊和父的名,唱新歌();三位天使相繼宣告:傳永遠的福音、巴比倫傾倒了、拜獸的必喝神大怒的酒();最後是地上莊稼和葡萄的兩次收割()。
閱讀小提示
13 章人受獸的印記,14 章一開頭就是額上寫著羔羊和父名字的人:每個人都屬於某一方。「在主裡面而死的人有福了」,是啟示錄七次宣告福分之一。
點時代可看說明
巴比倫是當年攻毀耶路撒冷的帝國,在啟示錄中象徵敵擋神、迫害聖徒的世界勢力;許多學者認為當時特別指羅馬(參 )。
啟示錄 第 14 章
羔羊和十四萬四千人
1我又觀看,見羔羊站在,同他又有十四萬四千人,都有他的名和他父的名寫在額上。Then I looked and saw the Lamb standing on Mount Zion, and with Him 144,000 who had His name and His Father’s name written on their foreheads.
2我聽見從天上有聲音,像眾水的聲音和大雷的聲音,並且我所聽見的好像彈琴的所彈的琴聲。And I heard a sound from heaven like the roar of many waters and the loud rumbling of thunder. And the sound I heard was like harpists strumming their harps.
3他們在寶座前,並在四活物和眾長老前唱歌,彷彿是新歌;除了從地上買來的那十四萬四千人以外,沒有人能學這歌。And they sang a new song before the throne and before the four living creatures and the elders. And no one could learn the song except the 144,000 who had been redeemed from the earth.
初熟的果子
4這些人未曾沾染婦女,他們原是。羔羊無論往哪裡去,他們都跟隨他。他們是從人間買來的,作歸與 神和羔羊。These are the ones who have not been defiled with women, for they are virgins. They follow the Lamb wherever He goes. They have been redeemed from among men as firstfruits to God and to the Lamb.
5在他們口中察不出謊言來;他們是沒有的。And no lie was found in their mouths; they are blameless.
傳永遠福音的天使
6我又看見另有一位天使飛在空中,有永遠的福音要傳給住在地上的人,就是各國、各族、各方、各民。Then I saw another angel flying overhead, with the eternal gospel to proclaim to those who dwell on the earth—to every nation and tribe and tongue and people.
7他大聲說:「應當敬畏 神,將榮耀歸給他!因他施行審判的時候已經到了。應當敬拜那創造天地海和眾水泉源的。」And he said in a loud voice, “Fear God and give Him glory, because the hour of His judgment has come. Worship the One who made the heavens and the earth and the sea and the springs of waters.”
巴比倫傾倒了
8又有第二位天使接著說:「叫萬民喝邪淫、大怒之酒的大城傾倒了!傾倒了!」Then a second angel followed, saying, “Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great, who has made all the nations drink the wine of the passion of her immorality.”
拜獸的必喝神大怒的酒
9又有第三位天使接著他們,大聲說:「若有人拜獸和獸像,在額上或在手上受了印記,And a third angel followed them, calling out in a loud voice, “If anyone worships the beast and its image and receives its mark on his forehead or on his hand,
10這人也必喝 神大怒的酒;此酒斟在 神忿怒的杯中。他要在聖天使和羔羊面前,在火與之中受痛苦。he too will drink the wine of God’s anger, poured undiluted into the cup of His wrath. And he will be tormented in fire and sulfur in the presence of the holy angels and of the Lamb.
11他受痛苦的煙往上冒,直到永永遠遠。那些拜獸和獸像,受牠名之印記的,晝夜不得安寧。」And the smoke of their torment rises forever and ever. Day and night there is no rest for those who worship the beast and its image, or for anyone who receives the mark of its name.”
聖徒的忍耐
12聖徒的忍耐就在此;他們是守 神誡命和耶穌真道的。Here is a call for the perseverance of the saints, who keep the commandments of God and the faith of Jesus.
在主裡面而死的人有福了
13我聽見從天上有聲音說:「你要寫下:從今以後,在主裡面而死的人有福了!」聖靈說:「是的,他們自己的勞苦,做工的果效也隨著他們。」And I heard a voice from heaven telling me to write, “Blessed are the dead—those who die in the Lord from this moment on.” “Yes,” says the Spirit, “they will rest from their labors, for their deeds will follow them.”
收割地上的莊稼
14我又觀看,見有一片白雲,雲上坐著一位好像人子,頭上戴著金冠冕,手裡拿著。And I looked and saw a white cloud, and seated on the cloud was One like the Son of Man, with a golden crown on His head and a sharp sickle in His hand.
15又有一位天使從殿中出來,向那坐在雲上的大聲喊著說:「伸出你的鐮刀來收割;因為收割的時候已經到了,地上的莊稼已經熟透了。」Then another angel came out of the temple, crying out in a loud voice to the One seated on the cloud, “Swing Your sickle and reap, because the time has come to harvest, for the crop of the earth is ripe.”
16那坐在雲上的,就把鐮刀扔在地上,地上的莊稼就被收割了。So the One seated on the cloud swung His sickle over the earth, and the earth was harvested.
收取地上的葡萄
17又有一位天使從天上的殿中出來,他也拿著快鐮刀。Then another angel came out of the temple in heaven, and he too had a sharp sickle.
18又有一位天使從祭壇中出來,是有權柄管火的,向拿著快鐮刀的大聲喊著說:「伸出快鐮刀來,收取地上葡萄樹的果子,因為葡萄熟透了!」Still another angel, with authority over the fire, came from the altar and called out in a loud voice to the angel with the sharp sickle, “Swing your sharp sickle and gather the clusters of grapes from the vine of the earth, because its grapes are ripe.”
19那天使就把鐮刀扔在地上,收取了地上的葡萄,丟在 神忿怒的大中。So the angel swung his sickle over the earth and gathered the grapes of the earth, and he threw them into the great winepress of God’s wrath.
20那酒醡踹在城外,就有血從酒醡裡流出來,高到馬的,遠有。And the winepress was trodden outside the city, and the blood that flowed from it rose as high as the bridles of the horses for a distance of 1,600 stadia.
摘要
啟示錄十四章呈現末世審判的全景:十四萬四千人與羔羊同站錫安山,他們忠心跟隨、口中無謊言。三位天使依次宣告永遠的福音、巴比倫的傾倒、以及拜獸者將受神烈怒的嚴厲警告。隨後人子與天使以鐮刀收割地上莊稼與葡萄,象徵對信徒的收聚與對惡者的審判,神忿怒的酒醡流出的血高到馬的嚼環,顯明審判之徹底與嚴肅。
反思問題
- 十四萬四千人的特徵是忠心跟隨羔羊、口中無謊言()。在日常生活中,你如何操練誠實與對主的忠心跟隨?
- 說『聖徒的忍耐就在此』。面對信仰上的壓力或誘惑時,什麼幫助你持守神的誡命而不妥協?
- 宣告在主裡死的人有福,做工果效隨著他們。這如何影響你看待今生勞苦與服事的眼光?