舊約約伯記 38:1–40:14
前情提要
上回說到
昨天(35–37 章)是以利戶最後的發言:神藉著困苦開通人的耳朵;他用雷聲、閃電、冰雪描寫神的偉大,結論是「論到全能者,我們不能測度」()。他描寫的風雨雷電,正好接上今天的旋風。
今天你會讀到
沉默了很久的神終於說話:耶和華從旋風中一連提出許多問題——立地的根基、海的界限、晨光、雪雹、星辰,以及獅子、烏鴉、野山羊、野驢、野牛、鴕鳥、戰馬和鷹。約伯用手摀口;神又問他能不能像神一樣制伏驕傲的人。
閱讀小提示
神沒有解釋約伯為甚麼受苦,而是帶他看遍受造的世界。留意第一個問題:「我立大地根基的時候,你在哪裡呢?」()
點時代可看說明
約伯記的作者和成書年代都不詳;傳統認為故事背景接近族長時期。
點經節可選取,長按即複製點經節可選取,按 Ctrl+C⌘C 複製
約伯記 第 38 章
耶和華從旋風中回答
1那時,耶和華從旋風中回答約伯說:Then the LORD answered Job out of the whirlwind and said:
2誰用無知的言語使我的旨意暗昧不明?“Who is this who obscures My counsel by words without knowledge?
3你要如勇士;我問你,你可以指示我。Now brace yourself like a man; I will question you, and you shall inform Me.
我立大地根基的時候
4我立大地根基的時候,你在哪裡呢?你若有聰明,只管說吧!Where were you when I laid the foundations of the earth? Tell Me, if you have understanding.
5你若曉得就說,是誰定地的尺度?是誰把準繩拉在其上?Who fixed its measurements? Surely you know! Or who stretched a measuring line across it?
6地的根基安置在何處?地的角石是誰安放的?On what were its foundations set, or who laid its cornerstone,
7那時,晨星一同歌唱; 也都歡呼。while the morning stars sang together and all the sons of God shouted for joy?
為海定界限
8海水衝出,如出胎胞,那時誰將它關閉呢?Who enclosed the sea behind doors when it burst forth from the womb,
9是我用雲彩當海的衣服,用幽暗當包裹它的布,when I made the clouds its garment and thick darkness its blanket,
10為它定界限,又安門和,when I fixed its boundaries and set in place its bars and doors,
11說:你只可到這裡,不可越過;你狂傲的浪要到此止住。and I declared: ‘You may come this far, but no farther; here your proud waves must stop’?
晨光、海源與死亡的門
12你自生以來,曾命定晨光,使清晨的日光知道本位,In your days, have you commanded the morning or assigned the dawn its place,
13叫這光普照地的四極,將惡人從其中驅逐出來嗎?that it might spread to the ends of the earth and shake the wicked out of it?
14因這光,地面改變如,萬物出現如衣服一樣。The earth takes shape like clay under a seal; its hills stand out like the folds of a garment.
15亮光不照惡人;強橫的膀臂也必折斷。Light is withheld from the wicked, and their upraised arm is broken.
16你曾進到海源,或在深淵的隱密處行走嗎?Have you journeyed to the vents of the sea or walked in the trenches of the deep?
17死亡的門曾向你顯露嗎?的門你曾見過嗎?Have the gates of death been revealed to you? Have you seen the gates of the shadow of death?
18地的廣大你能明透嗎?你若全知道,只管說吧!Have you surveyed the extent of the earth? Tell Me, if you know all this.
19光明的居所從何而至?黑暗的本位在於何處?Where is the way to the home of light? Do you know where darkness resides,
20你能帶到本境,能看明其室之路嗎?so you can lead it back to its border? Do you know the paths to its home?
21你總知道,因為你早已生在世上,你日子的數目也多。Surely you know, for you were already born! And the number of your days is great!
雪庫、雹倉與雨水
22你曾進入雪庫,或見過雹倉嗎?Have you entered the storehouses of snow or observed the storehouses of hail,
23這雪雹乃是我為降災,並打仗和爭戰的日子所預備的。which I hold in reserve for times of trouble, for the day of war and battle?
24光亮從何路分開?東風從何路分散遍地?In which direction is the lightning dispersed, or the east wind scattered over the earth?
25誰為雨水分道?誰為雷電開路?Who cuts a channel for the flood or clears a path for the thunderbolt,
26使雨降在無人之地、無人居住的曠野?to bring rain on a barren land, on a desert where no man lives,
27使荒廢淒涼之地得以豐足,青草得以發生?to satisfy the parched wasteland and make it sprout with tender grass?
28雨有父嗎?露水珠是誰生的呢?Does the rain have a father? Who has begotten the drops of dew?
29冰出於誰的胎?天上的霜是誰生的呢?From whose womb does the ice emerge? Who gives birth to the frost from heaven,
30諸水堅硬(或譯:隱藏)如石頭;深淵之面凝結成冰。when the waters become hard as stone and the surface of the deep is frozen?
你能繫住昴星的結嗎
31你能繫住的結嗎?能解開參星的帶嗎?Can you bind the chains of the Pleiades or loosen the belt of Orion?
32你能按時領出嗎?能引導和隨它的眾星(星:原文是子)嗎?Can you bring forth the constellations in their seasons or lead out the Bear and her cubs?
33你知道天的定例嗎?能使地歸在天的權下嗎?Do you know the laws of the heavens? Can you set their dominion over the earth?
34你能向雲彩揚起聲來,使傾盆的雨遮蓋你嗎?Can you command the clouds so that a flood of water covers you?
35你能發出閃電,叫它行去,使它對你說:我們在這裡?Can you send the lightning bolts on their way? Do they report to you, ‘Here we are’?
36誰將智慧放在懷中?誰將聰明賜於心內?Who has put wisdom in the heart or given understanding to the mind?
37–38誰能用智慧數算雲彩呢?塵土聚集成團,土塊緊緊結連;那時,誰能傾倒呢?Who has the wisdom to count the clouds? Or who can tilt the water jars of the heavens when the dust hardens into a mass and the clods of earth stick together?
誰為獅子和烏鴉預備食物
39–40母獅子在洞中蹲伏,少壯獅子在隱密處埋伏;你能為牠們抓取食物,使牠們飽足嗎?Can you hunt the prey for a lioness or satisfy the hunger of young lions when they crouch in their dens and lie in wait in the thicket?
41烏鴉之雛因無食物飛來飛去,哀告 神;那時,誰為牠預備食物呢?Who provides food for the raven when its young cry out to God as they wander about for lack of food?
約伯記 第 39 章
野山羊、母鹿和野驢
1山巖間的野山羊幾時生產,你知道嗎?母鹿之期,你能察定嗎?“Do you know when mountain goats give birth? Have you watched the doe bear her fawn?
2牠們懷胎的月數,你能數算嗎?牠們幾時生產,你能曉得嗎?Can you count the months they are pregnant? Do you know the time they give birth?
3牠們屈身,將子生下,就除掉疼痛。They crouch down and bring forth their young; they deliver their newborn.
4這子漸漸肥壯,在荒野長大,去而不回。Their young ones thrive and grow up in the open field; they leave and do not return.
5誰放出去自由?誰解開快驢的繩索?Who set the wild donkey free? Who released the swift donkey from the harness?
6我使曠野作牠的住處,使鹹地當牠的居所。I made the wilderness his home and the salt flats his dwelling.
7牠嗤笑城內的喧嚷,不聽趕牲口的喝聲。He scorns the tumult of the city and never hears the shouts of a driver.
8遍山是牠的草場;牠尋找各樣青綠之物。He roams the mountains for pasture, searching for any green thing.
野牛豈肯服事你
9豈肯服事你?豈肯住在你的槽旁?Will the wild ox consent to serve you? Will he stay by your manger at night?
10你豈能用套繩將野牛籠在犁溝之間?牠豈肯隨你耙山谷之地?Can you hold him to the furrow with a harness? Will he plow the valleys behind you?
11豈可因牠的力大就倚靠牠?豈可把你的工交給牠做嗎?Can you rely on his great strength? Will you leave your hard work to him?
12豈可信靠牠把你的糧食運到家,又收聚你禾場上的穀嗎?Can you trust him to bring in your grain and gather it to your threshing floor?
鴕鳥
13的翅膀歡然搧展,豈是顯慈愛的翎毛和羽毛嗎?The wings of the ostrich flap joyfully, but cannot match the pinions and feathers of the stork.
14因牠把蛋留在地上,在塵土中使得溫暖;For she leaves her eggs on the ground and lets them warm in the sand.
15卻想不到被腳踹碎,或被野獸踐踏。She forgets that a foot may crush them, or a wild animal may trample them.
16牠忍心待雛,似乎不是自己的;雖然徒受勞苦,也不為雛懼怕;She treats her young harshly, as if not her own, with no concern that her labor was in vain.
17因為 神使牠沒有智慧,也未將悟性賜給牠。For God has deprived her of wisdom; He has not endowed her with understanding.
18牠幾時挺身展開翅膀,就嗤笑馬和騎馬的人。Yet when she proudly spreads her wings, she laughs at the horse and its rider.
戰馬
19馬的大力是你所賜的嗎?牠頸項上的鬃是你給牠披上的嗎?Do you give strength to the horse or adorn his neck with a mane?
20是你叫牠跳躍像蝗蟲嗎?牠噴氣之威使人驚惶。Do you make him leap like a locust, striking terror with his proud snorting?
21牠在谷中刨地,自喜其力;牠出去迎接佩帶兵器的人。He paws in the valley and rejoices in his strength; he charges into battle.
22牠嗤笑可怕的事並不驚惶,也不因刀劍退回。He laughs at fear, frightened of nothing; he does not turn back from the sword.
23箭袋和發亮的槍,並短槍在牠身上錚錚有聲。A quiver rattles at his side, along with a flashing spear and lance.
24牠發猛烈的怒氣將地吞下;一聽角聲就不耐站立。Trembling with excitement, he devours the distance; he cannot stand still when the ram’s horn sounds.
25角每發聲,牠說呵哈;牠從遠處聞著戰氣,又聽見軍長大發雷聲和兵丁吶喊。At the blast of the horn, he snorts with fervor. He catches the scent of battle from afar, the shouts of captains and the cry of war.
鷹雀與大鷹
26鷹雀飛翔,展開翅膀一直向南,豈是藉你的智慧嗎?Does the hawk take flight by your understanding and spread his wings toward the south?
27大鷹上騰在高處搭窩,豈是聽你的吩咐嗎?Does the eagle soar at your command and make his nest on high?
28牠住在山巖,以山峰和堅固之所為家,He dwells on a cliff and lodges there; his stronghold is on a rocky crag.
29從那裡窺看食物,眼睛遠遠觀望。From there he spies out food; his eyes see it from afar.
30牠的雛也;被殺的人在哪裡,牠也在那裡。His young ones feast on blood; and where the slain are, there he is.”
約伯記 第 40 章
約伯用手摀口
1耶和華又對約伯說:And the LORD said to Job:
2強辯的豈可與全能者爭論嗎?與 神辯駁的可以回答這些吧!“Will the faultfinder contend with the Almighty? Let him who argues with God give an answer.”
3於是,約伯回答耶和華說:Then Job answered the LORD:
4我是的!我用甚麼回答你呢?只好用手。“Behold, I am insignificant. How can I reply to You? I place my hand over my mouth.
5我說了一次,再不回答;說了兩次,就不再說。I have spoken once, but I have no answer—twice, but I have nothing to add.”
你有神那樣的膀臂嗎
6於是,耶和華從旋風中回答約伯說:Then the LORD answered Job out of the whirlwind and said:
7你要如勇士束腰;我問你,你可以指示我。“Now brace yourself like a man; I will question you, and you shall inform Me.
8你豈可廢棄我所的?豈可定我有罪,好顯自己為義嗎?Would you really annul My justice? Would you condemn Me to justify yourself?
9你有 神那樣的膀臂嗎?你能像他發雷聲嗎?Do you have an arm like God’s? Can you thunder with a voice like His?
10你要以榮耀莊嚴為妝飾,以尊榮威嚴為衣服;Then adorn yourself with majesty and splendor, and clothe yourself with honor and glory.
11要發出你滿溢的怒氣,見一切驕傲的人,使他降卑;Unleash the fury of your wrath; look on every proud man and bring him low.
12見一切驕傲的人,將他制伏,把惡人踐踏在本處;Look on every proud man and humble him; trample the wicked where they stand.
13將他們一同隱藏在塵土中,把他們的臉蒙蔽在隱密處;Bury them together in the dust; imprison them in the grave.
14我就認你右手能以救自己。Then I will confess to you that your own right hand can save you.
摘要
耶和華從旋風中向約伯說話,以一連串關於創造的質問——大地根基、海洋界限、晨光運行、雪雹雷電、星宿定例、飛禽走獸——顯明祂無可測度的智慧與權能。神進一步以野山羊、野驢、野牛、鴕鳥、戰馬、鷹雀等受造之物,說明萬物的本能與秩序皆出於祂的設計,非人力所能掌控。面對神的詰問,約伯承認自己卑微渺小,以手摀口不再強辯;神再次挑戰約伯:若要定神有罪以顯自己為義,就當展示如神一般的能力審判驕傲與惡人。
反思問題
- 當你面對無法理解的苦難或困境時,神對約伯的提問如何幫助你重新認識神的主權與智慧?
- 約伯最終選擇以手摀口、不再強辯。在你的生活中,有哪些時刻你需要放下自己的理性辯論,單單信靠神?
- 神用受造之物的奇妙來彰顯祂的能力。觀察大自然時,哪些事物曾讓你驚嘆神的設計,並因此更加敬畏祂?
新約羅馬書 2:17–3:8
前情提要
上回說到
昨天():保羅對論斷別人的人說,你在甚麼事上論斷人,就在甚麼事上定自己的罪;神「不偏待人」,要照各人的行為審判,連沒有律法的外邦人,良心也會作見證。
今天你會讀到
保羅直接對倚靠律法誇口的猶太人說話:教導別人卻不教導自己,反而叫神的名受褻瀆;真割禮是「心裡的」。接著他回答幾個反駁:猶太人還有甚麼長處?人的不信能廢掉神的信實嗎?
閱讀小提示
一連四個問句像一面鏡子。讀的時候可以把問句中的你換成自己:我是不是只用律法要求別人?
點時代可看說明
傳統認為保羅約在主後 57 年寫羅馬書;羅馬教會裡有猶太人,也有外邦人信徒。
羅馬書 第 2 章
倚靠律法誇口的人
17你稱為,又倚靠律法,且指著 神;Now you, if you call yourself a Jew; if you rely on the law and boast in God;
18既從律法中受了教訓,就曉得 神的旨意,也能(或譯:也喜愛那美好的事);if you know His will and approve of what is superior because you are instructed by the law;
19又深信自己是給瞎子領路的,是黑暗中人的光,if you are convinced that you are a guide for the blind, a light for those in darkness,
20是蠢笨人的師傅,是小孩子的先生,在律法上有知識和真理的。an instructor of the foolish, a teacher of infants, because you have in the law the embodiment of knowledge and truth—
教導別人,卻不教導自己
21你既是教導別人,還不教導自己嗎?你講說人不可偷竊,自己還偷竊嗎?you, then, who teach others, do you not teach yourself? You who preach against stealing, do you steal?
22你說人不可姦淫,自己還姦淫嗎?你厭惡偶像,自己還嗎?You who forbid adultery, do you commit adultery? You who abhor idols, do you rob temples?
23你指著律法誇口,自己倒犯律法、玷辱 神嗎?You who boast in the law, do you dishonor God by breaking the law?
24神的名在外邦人中,因你們受了,正如的。As it is written: “God’s name is blasphemed among the Gentiles because of you.”
真割禮在乎心
25你若是行律法的,固然於你有益;若是犯律法的,你的割禮就算不得割禮。Circumcision has value if you observe the law, but if you break the law, your circumcision has become uncircumcision.
26所以那未受割禮的,若遵守律法的條例,他雖然未受割禮,豈不算是有割禮嗎?If a man who is not circumcised keeps the requirements of the law, will not his uncircumcision be regarded as circumcision?
27而且那本來未受割禮的,若能全守律法,豈不是要審判你這有和割禮竟犯律法的人嗎?The one who is physically uncircumcised yet keeps the law will condemn you who, even though you have the written code and circumcision, are a lawbreaker.
28因為外面作猶太人的,不是真猶太人;外面肉身的割禮,也不是真割禮。A man is not a Jew because he is one outwardly, nor is circumcision only outward and physical.
29惟有裡面作的,才是真猶太人;真割禮也是心裡的,在乎靈,不在乎儀文。這人的稱讚不是從人來的,乃是從 神來的。No, a man is a Jew because he is one inwardly, and circumcision is a matter of the heart, by the Spirit, not by the written code. Such a man’s praise does not come from men, but from God.
羅馬書 第 3 章
猶太人有甚麼長處
1這樣說來,猶太人有甚麼長處?割禮有甚麼益處呢?What, then, is the advantage of being a Jew? Or what is the value of circumcision?
2凡事大有好處:第一是 神的交託他們。Much in every way. First of all, they have been entrusted with the very words of God.
3即便有不信的,這有何妨呢?難道他們的不信就廢掉 神的信嗎?What if some did not have faith? Will their lack of faith nullify God’s faithfulness?
4!不如說, 神是真實的,人都是虛謊的。如經上所記:你責備人的時候,顯為公義;被人議論的時候,可以得勝。Certainly not! Let God be true and every man a liar. As it is written: “So that You may be proved right when You speak and victorious when You judge.”
我們的不義與神的義
5我且照著人的常話說,我們的不義若顯出 神的義來,我們可以怎麼說呢?神降怒,是他不義嗎?But if our unrighteousness highlights the righteousness of God, what shall we say? That God is unjust to inflict His wrath on us? I am speaking in human terms.
6斷乎不是!若是這樣, 神怎能審判世界呢?Certainly not! In that case, how could God judge the world?
7若 神的真實,因我的虛謊越發顯出他的榮耀,為甚麼我還受審判,好像罪人呢?However, if my falsehood accentuates God’s truthfulness, to the increase of His glory, why am I still condemned as a sinner?
8為甚麼不說,我們可以作惡以成善呢?這是毀謗我們的人說我們有這話。這等人定罪是的。Why not say, as some slanderously claim that we say, “Let us do evil that good may result”? Their condemnation is deserved!
摘要
保羅直指倚靠律法和割禮誇口的猶太人:他們教導別人卻不教導自己,自誇有律法知識卻犯律法,反而使神的名在外邦人中受褻瀆。保羅強調真正的猶太人和真割禮是在乎內心與靈,不在乎外在儀文。接著他回應猶太人的優勢問題:首要之處在於神的聖言交託他們,但人的不信不能廢掉神的信實;同時駁斥「作惡以成善」的謬論,堅持神審判世界的公義不容質疑。
反思問題
- 保羅指出教導別人卻不教導自己的矛盾。你是否有在信仰知識上要求別人,卻忽略自省的時候?如何更真實地活出所信的?
- 『真割禮是心裡的,在乎靈,不在乎儀文。』你的信仰生活中,有哪些可能流於外在形式而缺乏內在生命更新的地方?
- 保羅說神的恩慈是要領人悔改。面對神的寬容忍耐,你是否曾因此輕忽悔改?如何以感恩的心回應神的恩慈?