今日讀經

舊約 士師記 1:1–3:6
新約 路加福音 11:14–32

第 99 / 365 天 · 約 8 分鐘

舊約士師記 1:1–3:6

書卷介紹:士師記歷史書

百姓離棄神就陷入困境,但神一再興起士師拯救呼求祂的人。

約書亞死後,以色列人沒有趕出迦南人,反而跟著拜他們的神。書中不斷出現一個循環:百姓犯罪,神讓外族欺壓他們,百姓呼求,神就興起「士師」拯救他們,但不久百姓又再犯罪。著名的士師有底波拉、基甸和參孫。書的最後描寫那時「沒有王,各人任意而行」的混亂景況。

前情提要

上回說到

昨天(書 23–24 章):年老的約書亞召集以色列人,提醒他們不可與剩下的列國通婚、拜他們的神;又在示劍與百姓重新立約,說:「至於我和我家,我們必定事奉耶和華。」百姓也答應事奉耶和華。約書亞一百一十歲死了,約瑟的骸骨也葬在示劍。

今天你會讀到

士師記開始。約書亞死後,各支派繼續攻取迦南,第 1 章卻一再出現「沒有趕出」;第 2 章耶和華的使者在波金責備百姓背約,接著總覽整個士師時代的循環:百姓去拜巴力,神把他們交給仇敵,又興起士師拯救,士師一死他們又轉去行惡; 說明神留下列族來試驗以色列。

閱讀小提示

留意 「後來有別的世代興起,不知道耶和華」:信仰沒有傳給下一代,是整卷士師記一切混亂的起點。

點時代可看說明

士師時代介於約書亞死後到掃羅作王之間,傳統推算約主前 1400–1050 年,也有學者認為約在主前 1200–1050 年。

點經節可選取,長按即複製點經節可選取,按 Ctrl+C⌘C 複製

士師記 第 1 章

猶大和西緬先上去攻擊迦南人

1約書亞死後,以色列人求問耶和華說:「我們中間誰當首先上去攻擊迦南人,與他們爭戰?」After the death of Joshua, the Israelites inquired of the LORD, “Who will be the first to go up and fight for us against the Canaanites?”

2耶和華說:「猶大當先上去,我已將那地交在他手中。」“Judah shall go up,” answered the LORD. “Indeed, I have delivered the land into their hands.”

3猶大對他哥哥西緬說:「請你同我到所得之地去,好與迦南人爭戰;以後我也同你到你拈鬮所得之地去。」於是西緬與他同去。Then the men of Judah said to their brothers the Simeonites, “Come up with us to our allotted territory, and let us fight against the Canaanites. And we likewise will go with you to your territory.” So the Simeonites went with them.

4猶大就上去;耶和華將迦南人和比利洗人交在他們手中。他們在比色擊殺了一萬人,When Judah attacked, the LORD delivered the Canaanites and Perizzites into their hands, and they struck down ten thousand men at Bezek.

5又在那裡遇見,與他爭戰,殺敗迦南人和比利洗人。And there they found Adoni-bezek and fought against him, striking down the Canaanites and Perizzites.

6亞多尼‧比色逃跑;他們追趕,拿住他,砍斷他手腳的大拇指。As Adoni-bezek fled, they pursued him, seized him, and cut off his thumbs and big toes.

7亞多尼‧比色說:「從前有七十個王,手腳的大拇指都被我砍斷,在我桌子底下拾取零碎食物。現在 神按著我所行的報應我了。」於是他們將亞多尼‧比色帶到耶路撒冷,他就死在那裡。Then Adoni-bezek said, “Seventy kings with their thumbs and big toes cut off have gathered the scraps under my table. As I have done to them, so God has repaid me.” And they brought him to Jerusalem, where he died.

8猶大人攻打耶路撒冷,將城攻取,用刀殺了城內的人,並且放火燒城。Then the men of Judah fought against Jerusalem and captured it. They put the city to the sword and set it on fire.

9後來猶大人下去,與住山地、南地,和高原的迦南人爭戰。Afterward, the men of Judah marched down to fight against the Canaanites living in the hill country, in the Negev, and in the foothills.

10猶大人去攻擊住希伯崙的迦南人,殺了示篩、亞希幔、撻買。希伯崙從前名叫基列‧亞巴。Judah also marched against the Canaanites who were living in Hebron (formerly known as Kiriath-arba), and they struck down Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai.

俄陀聶奪取底壁

11他們從那裡去攻擊底壁的居民;底壁從前名叫基列‧西弗。From there they marched against the inhabitants of Debir (formerly known as Kiriath-sepher).

12迦勒說:「誰能攻打基列‧西弗,將城奪取,我就把我女兒押撒給他為妻。」And Caleb said, “To the man who strikes down Kiriath-sepher and captures it, I will give my daughter Acsah in marriage.”

13迦勒兄弟基納斯的兒子俄陀聶奪取了那城,迦勒就把女兒押撒給他為妻。So Othniel son of Caleb’s younger brother Kenaz captured the city, and Caleb gave his daughter Acsah to him in marriage.

14押撒的時候,勸丈夫向她父親求一塊田。押撒一下驢,迦勒問她說:「你要甚麼?」One day Acsah came to Othniel and urged him to ask her father for a field. When she got off her donkey, Caleb asked her, “What do you desire?”

15她說:「求你賜福給我,你既將我安置在南地,求你也給我水泉。」迦勒就把上泉下泉賜給她。“Give me a blessing,” she answered. “Since you have given me land in the Negev, give me springs of water as well.” So Caleb gave her both the upper and lower springs.

基尼人同住,猶大繼續攻城

16摩西的內兄(或譯:岳父)是,他的子孫與猶大人一同離了棕樹城,往亞拉得以南的猶大曠野去,就住在民中。Now the descendants of Moses’ father-in-law, the Kenite, went up with the men of Judah from the City of Palms to the Wilderness of Judah in the Negev near Arad. They went to live among the people.

17猶大和他哥哥西緬同去,擊殺了住洗法的迦南人,將城盡行毀滅,那城的名便叫何珥瑪。Then the men of Judah went with their brothers the Simeonites, attacked the Canaanites living in Zephath, and devoted the city to destruction. So it was called Hormah.

18猶大又取了迦薩和迦薩的四境,亞實基倫和亞實基倫的四境,以革倫和以革倫的四境。And Judah also captured Gaza, Ashkelon, and Ekron—each with its territory.

趕不出平原的居民和耶布斯人

19耶和華與猶大同在,猶大就趕出山地的居民,只是不能趕出平原的居民,因為他們有鐵車。The LORD was with Judah, and they took possession of the hill country; but they could not drive out the inhabitants of the plains because they had chariots of iron.

20以色列人照摩西所說的,將希伯崙給了迦勒;迦勒就從那裡趕出亞衲族的三個族長。Just as Moses had promised, Judah gave Hebron to Caleb, who drove out the descendants of the three sons of Anak.

21便雅憫人沒有趕出住耶路撒冷的。耶布斯人仍在耶路撒冷與便雅憫人同住,直到今日。The Benjamites, however, failed to drive out the Jebusites living in Jerusalem. So to this day the Jebusites live there among the Benjamites.

約瑟家攻取伯特利

22約瑟家也上去攻打伯特利;耶和華與他們同在。The house of Joseph also attacked Bethel, and the LORD was with them.

23約瑟家打發人去窺探伯特利(那城起先名叫路斯)。They sent spies to Bethel (formerly known as Luz),

24窺探的人看見一個人從城裡出來,就對他說:「求你將進城的路指示我們,我們必恩待你。」and when the spies saw a man coming out of the city, they said to him, “Please show us how to get into the city, and we will treat you kindly.”

25那人將進城的路指示他們,他們就用刀擊殺了城中的居民,但將那人和他全家放去。So the man showed them the entrance to the city, and they put the city to the sword but released that man and all his family.

26那人往赫人之地去,築了一座城,起名叫路斯。那城到如今還叫這名。And the man went to the land of the Hittites, built a city, and called it Luz, which is its name to this day.

各支派沒有趕出迦南人

27瑪拿西沒有趕出伯‧善和屬伯‧善鄉村的居民,他納和屬他納鄉村的居民,多珥和屬多珥鄉村的居民,以伯蓮和屬以伯蓮鄉村的居民,米吉多和屬米吉多鄉村的居民;迦南人卻住在那些地方。At that time Manasseh failed to drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shean, Taanach, Dor, Ibleam, Megiddo, and their villages; for the Canaanites were determined to dwell in that land.

28及至以色列強盛了,就使迦南人,沒有把他們全然趕出。When Israel became stronger, they pressed the Canaanites into forced labor, but they never drove them out completely.

29以法蓮沒有趕出住基色的迦南人。於是迦南人仍住在基色,在以法蓮中間。Ephraim also failed to drive out the Canaanites living in Gezer; so the Canaanites continued to dwell among them in Gezer.

30西布倫沒有趕出基倫的居民和拿哈拉的居民。於是迦南人仍住在西布倫中間,成了服苦的人。Zebulun failed to drive out the inhabitants of Kitron and Nahalol; so the Canaanites lived among them and served as forced laborers.

31亞設沒有趕出亞柯和西頓的居民,亞黑拉和亞革悉的居民,黑巴、亞弗革與利合的居民。Asher failed to drive out the inhabitants of Acco, Sidon, Ahlab, Achzib, Helbah, Aphik, and Rehob.

32於是,亞設因為沒有趕出那地的迦南人,就住在他們中間。So the Asherites lived among the Canaanite inhabitants of the land, because they did not drive them out.

33拿弗他利沒有趕出伯‧示麥和伯‧亞納的居民,於是拿弗他利就住在那地的迦南人中間;然而伯‧示麥和伯‧亞納的居民成了服苦的人。Naphtali failed to drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath. So the Naphtalites also lived among the Canaanite inhabitants of the land, but the inhabitants of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath served them as forced laborers.

34亞摩利人強逼但人住在山地,不容他們下到平原;The Amorites forced the Danites into the hill country and did not allow them to come down into the plain.

35亞摩利人卻執意住在希烈山和亞雅崙並沙賓。然而約瑟家勝了他們,使他們成了服苦的人。And the Amorites were determined to dwell in Mount Heres, Aijalon, and Shaalbim. But when the house of Joseph grew in strength, they pressed the Amorites into forced labor.

36亞摩利人的境界,是從亞克拉濱坡,從西拉而上。And the border of the Amorites extended from the Ascent of Akrabbim to Sela and beyond.

士師記 第 2 章

耶和華的使者在波金責備百姓

1耶和華的使者從吉甲上到,對以色列人說:「我使你們從埃及上來,領你們到我向你們列祖起誓應許之地。我又說:『我永不廢棄與你們所立的約。Now the angel of the LORD went up from Gilgal to Bochim and said, “I brought you up out of Egypt and led you into the land that I had promised to your fathers, and I said, ‘I will never break My covenant with you,

2你們也不可與這地的居民立約,要拆毀他們的祭壇。你們竟沒有聽從我的話!為何這樣行呢?』and you are not to make a covenant with the people of this land, but you shall tear down their altars.’ Yet you have not obeyed My voice. What is this you have done?

3因此我又說:『我必不將他們從你們面前趕出;他們必作你們。他們的 神必作你們的。』」So now I tell you that I will not drive out these people before you; they will be thorns in your sides, and their gods will be a snare to you.”

4耶和華的使者向以色列眾人說這話的時候,百姓就放聲而哭;When the angel of the LORD had spoken these words to all the Israelites, the people lifted up their voices and wept.

5於是給那地方起名叫波金(就是哭的意思)。眾人在那裡向耶和華獻祭。So they called that place Bochim and offered sacrifices there to the LORD.

新的世代不知道耶和華

6從前約書亞打發以色列百姓去的時候,他們各歸自己的地業,佔據地土。After Joshua had dismissed the people, the Israelites went out to take possession of the land, each to his own inheritance.

7約書亞在世和約書亞死後,那些見耶和華為以色列人所行大事的長老還在的時候,百姓都事奉耶和華。And the people served the LORD throughout the days of Joshua and of the elders who outlived him, who had seen all the great works that the LORD had done for Israel.

8耶和華的僕人、嫩的兒子約書亞,正一百一十歲就死了。And Joshua son of Nun, the servant of the LORD, died at the age of 110.

9以色列人將他葬在他地業的境內,就是在以法蓮山地的亭拿‧希烈,在迦實山的北邊。They buried him in the land of his inheritance, at Timnath-heres in the hill country of Ephraim, north of Mount Gaash.

10那世代的人也都歸了自己的列祖。後來有別的世代興起,不知道耶和華,也不知道耶和華為以色列人所行的事。After that whole generation had also been gathered to their fathers, another generation rose up who did not know the LORD or the works that He had done for Israel.

背道、受欺壓、蒙拯救的循環

11以色列人行耶和華眼中看為惡的事,去事奉諸,And the Israelites did evil in the sight of the LORD and served the Baals.

12離棄了領他們出埃及地的耶和華─他們列祖的 神,去叩拜別神,就是四圍列國的神,惹耶和華發怒;Thus they forsook the LORD, the God of their fathers, who had brought them out of the land of Egypt, and they followed after various gods of the peoples around them. They bowed down to them and provoked the LORD to anger,

13並離棄耶和華,去事奉巴力和。for they forsook Him and served Baal and the Ashtoreths.

14耶和華的怒氣向以色列人發作,就把他們交在搶奪他們的人手中,又將他們付與四圍仇敵的手中,甚至他們在仇敵面前再不能站立得住。Then the anger of the LORD burned against Israel, and He delivered them into the hands of those who plundered them. He sold them into the hands of their enemies all around, whom they were no longer able to resist.

15他們無論往何處去,耶和華都以災禍攻擊他們,正如耶和華所說的話,又如耶和華向他們所起的誓;他們便極其困苦。Wherever Israel marched out, the hand of the LORD was against them to bring calamity, just as He had sworn to them. So they were greatly distressed.

16耶和華興起,士師就拯救他們脫離搶奪他們人的手。Then the LORD raised up judges, who saved them from the hands of those who plundered them.

17他們卻不聽從士師,竟隨從叩拜別神,行了邪淫,速速地偏離他們列祖所行的道,不如他們列祖順從耶和華的命令。Israel, however, did not listen to their judges. Instead, they prostituted themselves with other gods and bowed down to them. They quickly turned from the way of their fathers, who had walked in obedience to the LORD’s commandments; they did not do as their fathers had done.

18耶和華為他們興起士師,就與那士師同在。士師在世的一切日子,耶和華拯救他們脫離仇敵的手。他們因受欺壓擾害,就,所以耶和華了。Whenever the LORD raised up a judge for the Israelites, He was with that judge and saved them from the hands of their enemies while the judge was still alive; for the LORD was moved to pity by their groaning under those who oppressed them and afflicted them.

19及至士師死後,他們就轉去行惡,比他們列祖更甚,去事奉叩拜別神,總不斷絕的惡行。But when the judge died, the Israelites became even more corrupt than their fathers, going after other gods to serve them and bow down to them. They would not give up their evil practices and stubborn ways.

神留下列族試驗以色列

20於是耶和華的怒氣向以色列人發作。他說:「因這民違背我吩咐他們列祖所守的約,不聽從我的話,So the anger of the LORD burned against Israel, and He said, “Because this nation has transgressed the covenant I laid down for their fathers and has not heeded My voice,

21所以約書亞死的時候所剩下的各族,我必不再從他們面前趕出,I will no longer drive out before them any of the nations Joshua left when he died.

22為要藉此試驗以色列人,看他們肯照他們列祖謹守遵行我的道不肯。」In this way I will test whether Israel will keep the way of the LORD by walking in it as their fathers did.”

23這樣耶和華留下各族,不將他們速速趕出,也沒有交付約書亞的手。That is why the LORD had left those nations in place and had not driven them out immediately by delivering them into the hand of Joshua.

士師記 第 3 章

1耶和華留下這幾族,為要試驗那不曾知道與迦南爭戰之事的以色列人,These are the nations that the LORD left to test all the Israelites who had not known any of the wars in Canaan,

2好叫以色列的後代又知道又學習未曾曉得的戰事。if only to teach warfare to the subsequent generations of Israel, especially to those who had not known it formerly:

3所留下的就是非利士的五個首領和一切迦南人、西頓人,並住黎巴嫩山的希未人,從巴力‧黑們山直到哈馬口。the five rulers of the Philistines, all the Canaanites, the Sidonians, and the Hivites who lived in the mountains of Lebanon from Mount Baal-hermon to Lebo-hamath.

4留下這幾族,為要試驗以色列人,知道他們肯聽從耶和華藉摩西吩咐他們列祖的誡命不肯。These nations were left to test the Israelites, to find out whether they would keep the commandments of the LORD, which He had given their fathers through Moses.

與迦南人通婚、事奉他們的神

5以色列人竟住在迦南人、赫人、亞摩利人、比利洗人、希未人、耶布斯人中間,Thus the Israelites continued to live among the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.

6娶他們的女兒為妻,將自己的女兒嫁給他們的兒子,並事奉他們的神。And they took the daughters of these people in marriage, gave their own daughters to their sons, and served their gods.

摘要

約書亞死後,以色列各支派繼續攻取迦南地,猶大支派在耶和華同在下取得多次勝利,但眾支派普遍未能將迦南人全然趕出,反而與他們同住。耶和華的使者在波金責備以色列人違約、未拆毀異族祭壇,宣告迦南人將成為他們的荊棘與網羅。此後以色列人陷入反覆的循環:離棄耶和華、事奉偶像、遭受仇敵壓迫、呼求神、神興起士師拯救,士師死後又再次悖逆,甚至與迦南各族通婚、事奉他們的神。

反思問題

  1. 以色列人未能徹底順服神的命令趕出迦南人,最終導致信仰妥協。在你的生活中,是否有明知應當對付卻一直容忍的罪或試探?
  2. 士師記呈現出犯罪—受苦—呼求—拯救的循環模式。你是否也經歷過類似的屬靈循環?如何才能打破這種反覆跌倒的模式?
  3. 神留下迦南各族作為對以色列人的試驗。你如何看待生活中的考驗與困難——它們是否也在鍛煉你對神的信靠與順服?

新約路加福音 11:14–32

前情提要

上回說到

昨天():馬大忙著伺候,馬利亞坐在耶穌腳前聽道。門徒求耶穌教導他們禱告,耶穌教他們主禱文,又用半夜借餅的比喻鼓勵人祈求、尋找、叩門:「何況天父,豈不更將聖靈給求他的人嗎?」

今天你會讀到

耶穌趕出叫人啞巴的鬼,有人說祂靠鬼王別西卜趕鬼;耶穌用國家自相紛爭、壯士被更壯的勝過作比喻回應,又講污鬼回來的比喻。一個女人稱讚生祂的母親有福,耶穌說聽神之道而遵守的人更有福;最後責備這世代求神蹟,只有約拿的神蹟給他們。

閱讀小提示

留意 「這就是 神的國臨到你們了」:耶穌趕鬼不只是醫治,更是神的國已經來到、勝過撒但的記號。

點時代可看說明

路加從 起記載耶穌往耶路撒冷去的旅程,一直寫到第 19 章;這一大段的教導多半發生在前往耶路撒冷的路上。

路加福音 第 11 章

耶穌被指控靠別西卜趕鬼

14耶穌趕出一個叫人啞巴的鬼;鬼出去了,啞巴就說出話來;眾人都希奇。One day Jesus was driving out a demon that was mute. And when the demon was gone, the man who had been mute spoke. The crowds were amazed,

15內中卻有人說:「他是靠著鬼王趕鬼。」but some of them said, “It is by Beelzebul, the prince of the demons, that He drives out demons.”

16又有人試探耶穌,向他求從天上來的神蹟。And others tested Him by demanding a sign from heaven.

17他曉得他們的意念,便對他們說:「凡一國自相紛爭,就成為;凡一家自相紛爭,就必敗落。Knowing their thoughts, Jesus said to them, “Every kingdom divided against itself will be laid waste, and a house divided against a house will fall.

18若自相紛爭,他的國怎能站得住呢?因為你們說我是靠著別西卜趕鬼。If Satan is divided against himself, how can his kingdom stand? After all, you say that I drive out demons by Beelzebul.

19我若靠著別西卜趕鬼,你們的子弟趕鬼又靠著誰呢?這樣,他們就要斷定你們的是非。And if I drive out demons by Beelzebul, by whom do your sons drive them out? So then, they will be your judges.

20我若靠著 神的趕鬼,這就是 神的國臨到你們了。But if I drive out demons by the finger of God, then the kingdom of God has come upon you.

壯士與比他更壯的

21壯士,看守自己的住宅,他所有的都平安無事;When a strong man, fully armed, guards his house, his possessions are secure.

22但有一個比他更壯的來,勝過他,就奪去他所倚靠的,又分了他的。But when someone stronger attacks and overpowers him, he takes away the armor in which the man trusted, and then he divides up his plunder.

23不與我相合的,就是敵我的;不同我收聚的,就是分散的。」He who is not with Me is against Me, and he who does not gather with Me scatters.

污鬼回到原來的屋子

24「污鬼離了人身,就在無水之地過來過去,尋求安歇之處;既尋不著,便說:『我要回到我所出來的屋裡去。』When an unclean spirit comes out of a man, it passes through arid places seeking rest and does not find it. Then it says, ‘I will return to the house I left.’

25到了,就看見裡面打掃乾淨,修飾好了,On its return, it finds the house swept clean and put in order.

26便去另帶了七個比自己更惡的鬼來,都進去住在那裡。那人末後的景況比先前更不好了。」Then it goes and brings seven other spirits more wicked than itself, and they go in and dwell there. And the final plight of that man is worse than the first.”

聽道而遵守的人有福

27耶穌正說這話的時候,眾人中間有一個女人大聲說:「懷你胎的和乳養你的有福了!」As Jesus was saying these things, a woman in the crowd raised her voice and said, “Blessed is the womb that bore You, and blessed are the breasts that nursed You!”

28耶穌說:「是,卻還不如聽 神之道而遵守的人有福。」But He replied, “Blessed rather are those who hear the word of God and obey it.”

約拿的神蹟

29當眾人聚集的時候,耶穌開講說:「這世代是一個邪惡的世代。他們求看神蹟,除了的神蹟以外,再沒有神蹟給他們看。As the crowds were increasing, Jesus said, “This is a wicked generation. It demands a sign, but none will be given it except the sign of Jonah.

30約拿怎樣為人成了神蹟,人子也要照樣為這世代的人成了神蹟。For as Jonah was a sign to the Ninevites, so the Son of Man will be a sign to this generation.

31當審判的時候,要起來定這世代的罪;因為她從而來,要聽所羅門的智慧話。看哪!在這裡有一人比所羅門更大。The Queen of the South will rise at the judgment with the men of this generation and condemn them; for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and now One greater than Solomon is here.

32當審判的時候,尼尼微人要起來定這世代的罪,因為尼尼微人聽了約拿所傳的就悔改了。看哪!在這裡有一人比約拿更大。」The men of Nineveh will stand at the judgment with this generation and condemn it; for they repented at the preaching of Jonah, and now One greater than Jonah is here.

摘要

耶穌趕出使人啞巴的鬼後,有人質疑祂靠鬼王別西卜趕鬼,也有人試探祂求天上的神蹟。耶穌以自相紛爭的比喻駁斥謬論,指出祂靠神的能力趕鬼正是神國臨到的明證,並警告被潔淨後若不以良善充滿內心,末後景況將更加悲慘。耶穌又以約拿的神蹟回應求神蹟的世代,指出尼尼微人聽道悔改、南方女王遠道求智慧,這世代的人面對比約拿、所羅門更大的卻仍不信,將在審判時被定罪。

反思問題

  1. 耶穌說「不與我相合的,就是敵我的」,在信仰上沒有中間地帶。你在日常抉擇中,是否有對基督的立場模糊不清的地方?
  2. 污鬼離開後房子打掃乾淨卻空著,結果更糟。這提醒我們除去舊習之後需要用什麼來充滿生命?你目前如何積極地以神的道和聖靈充滿自己?
  3. 耶穌說聽神之道而遵守的人比任何關係上的福分更有福。你是停留在羨慕屬靈經歷的層面,還是真正在日常生活中實踐所聽到的神的話語?