旧约撒母耳记上 1:1–2:26
书卷介绍:撒母耳记上历史书
神看人的内心,祂废掉不顺服的扫罗,拣选合祂心意的大卫。
这卷书从撒母耳的出生说起,他是最后一位士师,也是先知。百姓要求像列国一样有王,神就让撒母耳膏扫罗作以色列第一位王。扫罗一再不顺服神,神便拣选牧羊的少年大卫。大卫打败歌利亚后受到扫罗嫉妒和追杀,但他始终不肯伤害神所膏的王。
前情提要
上回说到
昨天(得 3–4 章):波阿斯在城门口照律法赎回以利米勒的地、娶了路得,生下俄备得;路得记的家谱一直列到大卫。今天开始读撒母耳记上,故事仍在士师时代的末期。
今天你会读到
以法莲人以利加拿有两个妻子,哈拿不能生育,常受毘尼拿刺激。哈拿在示罗耶和华的殿流泪祷告,许愿若得儿子就把他归给耶和华;神应允她,生了撒母耳,断奶后带到示罗交给祭司以利。第 2 章是哈拿的赞美祷告;接着对比以利两个儿子的恶行,和孩子撒母耳在耶和华面前渐渐长大。
阅读小提示
留意 “以利的两个儿子是恶人”和 “撒母耳渐渐长大,耶和华与人越发喜爱他”:作者把两边交替写,形成强烈对比; 也很像 描写少年耶稣的话。
■ 当时 □ 预言所指
点时代可看说明
撒母耳是最后一位士师,也是先知;传统认为这些事约在主前 1100–1050 年间,他后来要膏立以色列头两位君王扫罗和大卫。
点经节可选取,长按即复制点经节可选取,按 Ctrl+C⌘C 复制
撒母耳记上 第 1 章
以利加拿一家
1以法莲山地的拉玛·琐非有一个以法莲人,名叫以利加拿,是苏弗的玄孙,托户的曾孙,以利户的孙子,耶罗罕的儿子。Now there was a man named Elkanah who was from Ramathaim-zophim in the hill country of Ephraim. He was the son of Jeroham, the son of Elihu, the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephraimite.
2他有两个妻:一名哈拿,一名毗尼拿。毗尼拿有儿女,哈拿没有儿女。He had two wives, one named Hannah and the other Peninnah. And Peninnah had children, but Hannah had none.
3这人每年从本城上到,敬拜祭祀;在那里有的两个儿子何弗尼、非尼哈当耶和华的祭司。Year after year Elkanah would go up from his city to worship and sacrifice to the LORD of Hosts at Shiloh, where Eli’s two sons, Hophni and Phinehas, were priests to the LORD.
4以利加拿每逢献祭的日子,将祭肉分给他的妻毗尼拿和毗尼拿所生的儿女;And whenever the day came for Elkanah to present his sacrifice, he would give portions to his wife Peninnah and to all her sons and daughters.
5给哈拿的却是,因为他爱哈拿。无奈耶和华不使哈拿生育。But to Hannah he would give a double portion, for he loved her even though the LORD had closed her womb.
6毗尼拿见耶和华不使哈拿生育,就作她的,大大她,要使她生气。Because the LORD had closed Hannah’s womb, her rival would provoke her viciously to taunt her.
7每年上到耶和华殿的时候,以利加拿都以双分给哈拿;毗尼拿仍是激动她,以致她哭泣不吃饭。And this went on year after year. Whenever Hannah went up to the house of the LORD, her rival taunted her until she wept and would not eat.
8她丈夫以利加拿对她说:“哈拿啊,你为何哭泣,不吃饭,心里愁闷呢?有我不比十个儿子还好吗?”“Hannah, why are you crying?” her husband Elkanah asked. “Why won’t you eat? Why is your heart so grieved? Am I not better to you than ten sons?”
哈拿在示罗流泪祷告
9他们在示罗吃喝完了,哈拿就站起来。祭司以利在的门框旁边,坐在自己的位上。So after they had finished eating and drinking in Shiloh, Hannah stood up. Now Eli the priest was sitting on a chair by the doorpost of the temple of the LORD.
10哈拿心里愁苦,就痛痛哭泣,祈祷耶和华,In her bitter distress, Hannah prayed to the LORD and wept with many tears.
11许愿说:“万军之耶和华啊,你若垂顾婢女的苦情,眷念不忘婢女,赐我一个儿子,我必使他终身归与耶和华,不用剃头刀剃他的头。”And she made a vow, saying, “O LORD of Hosts, if only You will look upon the affliction of Your maidservant and remember me, not forgetting Your maidservant but giving her a son, then I will dedicate him to the LORD all the days of his life, and no razor shall ever touch his head.”
12哈拿在耶和华面前不住地祈祷,以利定睛看她的嘴。As Hannah kept on praying before the LORD, Eli watched her mouth.
13(原来哈拿心中默祷,只动嘴唇,不出声音,因此以利以为她喝醉了。)Hannah was praying in her heart, and though her lips were moving, her voice could not be heard. So Eli thought she was drunk
14以利对她说:“你要醉到几时呢?你不应该喝酒。”and said to her, “How long will you be drunk? Put away your wine!”
15哈拿回答说:“主啊,不是这样。我是心里愁苦的妇人,清酒浓酒都没有喝,但在耶和华面前。“No, my lord,” Hannah replied. “I am a woman troubled in spirit. I have not had any wine or strong drink, but I have poured out my soul before the LORD.
16不要将婢女看作。我因被人激动,愁苦太多,所以祈求到如今。”Do not take your servant for a wicked woman, for all this time I have been praying out of the depth of my anguish and grief.”
17以利说:“你可以平平安安地回去。愿以色列的 神允准你向他所求的!”“Go in peace,” Eli replied, “and may the God of Israel grant the petition you have asked of Him.”
18哈拿说:“愿婢女在你眼前蒙恩。”于是妇人走去吃饭,面上再不带愁容了。“May your maidservant find favor with you,” said Hannah. Then she went on her way, and she began to eat, and her face was no longer downcast.
撒母耳出生
19次日清早,他们起来,在耶和华面前敬拜,就回拉玛。到了家里,以利加拿和妻哈拿同房,耶和华顾念哈拿,The next morning they got up early to bow in worship before the LORD, and then they returned home to Ramah. And Elkanah had relations with his wife Hannah, and the LORD remembered her.
20哈拿就怀孕。日期满足,生了一个儿子,给他起名叫,说:“这是我从耶和华那里求来的。”So in the course of time, Hannah conceived and gave birth to a son. She named him Samuel, saying, “Because I have asked for him from the LORD.”
哈拿把撒母耳归给耶和华
21以利加拿和他全家都上示罗去,要向耶和华献年祭,并还所许的愿。Then Elkanah and all his house went up to make the annual sacrifice to the LORD and to fulfill his vow,
22哈拿却没有上去,对丈夫说:“等孩子,我便带他上去朝见耶和华,使他永远住在那里。”but Hannah did not go. “After the boy is weaned,” she said to her husband, “I will take him to appear before the LORD and to stay there permanently.”
23她丈夫以利加拿说:“就随你的意行吧!可以等儿子断了奶。但愿耶和华应验他的话。”于是妇人在家里乳养儿子,直到断了奶;“Do what you think is best,” her husband Elkanah replied, “and stay here until you have weaned him. Only may the LORD confirm His word.” So Hannah stayed and nursed her son until she had weaned him.
24既断了奶,就把孩子带上示罗,到了耶和华的殿;又带了三只公牛,一伊法细面,一皮袋酒。(那时,孩子还小。)Once she had weaned him, Hannah took the boy with her, along with a three-year-old bull, an ephah of flour, and a skin of wine. Though the boy was still young, she brought him to the house of the LORD at Shiloh.
25宰了一只公牛,就领孩子到以利面前。And when they had slaughtered the bull, they brought the boy to Eli.
26妇人说:“主啊,我敢在你面前起誓,从前在你这里站着祈求耶和华的那妇人,就是我。“Please, my lord,” said Hannah, “as surely as you live, my lord, I am the woman who stood here beside you praying to the LORD.
27我祈求为要得这孩子;耶和华已将我所求的赐给我了。I prayed for this boy, and since the LORD has granted me what I asked of Him,
28所以,我将这孩子归与耶和华,使他终身归与耶和华。”于是在那里敬拜耶和华。I now dedicate the boy to the LORD. For as long as he lives, he is dedicated to the LORD.” So they worshiped the LORD there.
撒母耳记上 第 2 章
哈拿的祷告
1哈拿祷告说:我的心因耶和华快乐;我的因耶和华高举。我的口向仇敌张开;我因耶和华的救恩欢欣。At that time Hannah prayed: “My heart rejoices in the LORD; my horn is exalted in the LORD. My mouth speaks boldly against my enemies, for I rejoice in Your salvation.
2只有耶和华为圣;除他以外没有可比的,也没有磐石像我们的 神。There is no one holy like the LORD. Indeed, there is no one besides You! And there is no Rock like our God.
3人不要夸口说骄傲的话,也不要出狂妄的言语;因耶和华是大有智识的 神,人的行为被他衡量。Do not boast so proudly, or let arrogance come from your mouth, for the LORD is a God who knows, and by Him actions are weighed.
4勇士的弓都已折断;跌倒的人以力量束腰。The bows of the mighty are broken, but the feeble are equipped with strength.
5素来饱足的,反作用人求食;饥饿的,再不饥饿。不生育的,生了七个儿子;多有儿女的,反倒衰微。The well-fed hire themselves out for food, but the starving hunger no more. The barren woman gives birth to seven, but she who has many sons pines away.
6耶和华使人死,也使人活,使人下阴间,也使人往上升。The LORD brings death and gives life; He brings down to Sheol and raises up.
7他使人贫穷,也使人富足,使人卑微,也使人高贵。The LORD sends poverty and wealth; He humbles and He exalts.
8他从灰尘里抬举贫寒人,从粪堆中提拔穷乏人,使他们与王子同坐,得着荣耀的座位。地的柱子属于耶和华;他将世界立在其上。He raises the poor from the dust and lifts the needy from the ash heap. He seats them among princes and bestows on them a throne of honor. For the foundations of the earth are the LORD’s, and upon them He has set the world.
9他必保护圣民的脚步,使恶人在黑暗中寂然不动;人都不能靠力量得胜。He guards the steps of His faithful ones, but the wicked perish in darkness; for by his own strength shall no man prevail.
10与耶和华争竞的,必被打碎;耶和华必从天上以雷攻击他,必审判地极的人,将力量赐与所立的王,高举的角。Those who oppose the LORD will be shattered. He will thunder from heaven against them. The LORD will judge the ends of the earth and will give power to His king. He will exalt the horn of His anointed.”
撒母耳留在示罗事奉
11以利加拿往拉玛回家去了。那孩子在祭司以利面前事奉耶和华。Then Elkanah went home to Ramah, but the boy began ministering to the LORD before Eli the priest.
以利的儿子藐视祭物
12以利的两个儿子是恶人,不认识耶和华。Now the sons of Eli were wicked men; they had no regard for the LORD
13这二祭司待百姓是这样的规矩:凡有人献祭,正煮肉的时候,祭司的仆人就来,手拿,or for the custom of the priests with the people. When any man offered a sacrifice, the servant of the priest would come with a three-pronged meat fork while the meat was boiling
14将叉子往罐里,或鼎里,或釜里,或锅里一插,插上来的肉,祭司都取了去。凡上到示罗的以色列人,他们都是这样看待。and plunge it into the pan or kettle or cauldron or cooking pot. And the priest would claim for himself whatever the meat fork brought up. This is how they treated all the Israelites who came to Shiloh.
15又在未烧以前,祭司的仆人就来对献祭的人说:“将肉给祭司,叫他烤吧。他不要煮过的,要生的。”Even before the fat was burned, the servant of the priest would come and say to the man who was sacrificing, “Give the priest some meat to roast, because he will not accept boiled meat from you, but only raw.”
16献祭的人若说:“必须先烧脂油,然后你可以随意取肉。”仆人就说:“你立时给我,不然我便抢去。”And if any man said to him, “The fat must be burned first; then you may take whatever you want,” the servant would reply, “No, you must give it to me right now. If you refuse, I will take it by force!”
17如此,这二少年人的罪在耶和华面前甚重了,因为他们藐视耶和华的祭物(或译:他们使人厌弃给耶和华献祭)。Thus the sin of these young men was severe in the sight of the LORD, for they were treating the LORD’s offering with contempt.
穿细麻布以弗得的撒母耳
18那时,撒母耳还是孩子,穿着细麻布的,侍立在耶和华面前。Now Samuel was ministering before the LORD—a boy wearing a linen ephod.
19他母亲每年为他做一件小外袍,同着丈夫上来献年祭的时候带来给他。Each year his mother would make him a little robe and bring it to him when she went with her husband to offer the annual sacrifice.
20以利为以利加拿和他的妻祝福,说:“愿耶和华由这妇人再赐你后裔,代替你从耶和华求来的孩子。”他们就回本乡去了。And Eli would bless Elkanah and his wife, saying, “May the LORD give you children by this woman in place of the one she dedicated to the LORD.” Then they would go home.
21耶和华眷顾哈拿,她就怀孕生了三个儿子,两个女儿。那孩子撒母耳在耶和华面前渐渐长大。So the LORD attended to Hannah, and she conceived and gave birth to three sons and two daughters. Meanwhile, the boy Samuel grew up in the presence of the LORD.
以利劝阻儿子无效
22以利年甚老迈,听见他两个儿子待以色列众人的事,又听见他们与会幕门前伺候的妇人苟合,Now Eli was very old, and he heard about everything his sons were doing to all Israel and how they were sleeping with the women who served at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting.
23他就对他们说:“你们为何行这样的事呢?我从这众百姓听见你们的恶行。“Why are you doing these things?” Eli said to his sons. “I hear about your wicked deeds from all these people.
24我儿啊,不可这样!我听见你们的风声不好,你们使耶和华的百姓犯了罪。No, my sons; it is not a good report I hear circulating among the LORD’s people.
25人若得罪人,有审判他;人若得罪耶和华,谁能为他祈求呢?”然而他们还是不听父亲的话,因为耶和华想要杀他们。If a man sins against another man, God can intercede for him; but if a man sins against the LORD, who can intercede for him?” But they would not listen to their father, since the LORD intended to put them to death.
26孩子撒母耳渐渐长大,耶和华与人越发喜爱他。And the boy Samuel continued to grow in stature and in favor with the LORD and with man.
摘要
哈拿因不孕受毘尼拿刺激,在示罗殿中向耶和华痛切祷告并许愿,神应允她生下撒母耳,她便守约将孩子献给耶和华终身事奉。哈拿的颂祷宣告神掌管生死贫富、使卑微人高升;同时以利的两个儿子藐视祭物、行为败坏,神藉神人宣判以利家的审判,并应许将兴起忠心的祭司。经文以撒母耳在耶和华面前渐渐长大、蒙神与人喜爱作为对比,凸显敬畏神与藐视神的截然不同结局。
反思问题
- 哈拿在极深的苦楚中选择向神倾心吐意,而非对人抱怨或放弃;当你面对长期未蒙应允的祷告时,你如何持守对神的信心与诚实?
- 哈拿将最宝贵的撒母耳归还给神,实践了她的许愿;在你的生活中,有什么是神赐给你、却需要你愿意放手交托回去的?
- 以利虽然责备儿子,却被神指出他尊重儿子过于尊重神;你是否有时因顾及人的感受或关系,而在应当持守的原则上妥协?
新约路加福音 16:19–17:10
前情提要
上回说到
昨天():耶稣讲不义管家的比喻,劝人善用钱财、在小事上忠心,并说人不能又事奉神、又事奉玛门。贪爱钱财的法利赛人嗤笑祂,耶稣说:“人所尊贵的,是 神看为可憎恶的。”
今天你会读到
耶稣讲财主和拉撒路的故事:天天奢华宴乐的财主和门口讨饭的拉撒路,死后处境完全翻转,中间有深渊限定;财主求亚伯拉罕差拉撒路去警告他的弟兄,回答是:他们有摩西和先知的话。接着耶稣教导门徒不可绊倒人、要饶恕弟兄,信心要像芥菜种,做完本分只当说“我们是无用的仆人”。
阅读小提示
留意 :“就是有一个从死里复活的,他们也是不听劝。”不肯听神话语的人,即使看见神迹也不会相信:这句话在耶稣复活之后显得格外沉重。
点时代可看说明
拉撒路是耶稣比喻中唯一有名字的人物;他和约翰福音里马大、马利亚的兄弟拉撒路(约 11 章)同名,但应是不同的人。
路加福音 第 16 章
财主和拉撒路
19“有一个财主穿着和细麻布衣服,天天。Now there was a rich man dressed in purple and fine linen, who lived each day in joyous splendor.
20又有一个讨饭的,名叫,,被人放在财主门口,And a beggar named Lazarus lay at his gate, covered with sores
21要得财主桌子上掉下来的零碎充饥;并且狗来舔他的疮。and longing to be fed with the crumbs that fell from the rich man’s table. Even the dogs came and licked his sores.
死后处境的翻转
22后来那讨饭的死了,被天使带去放在。财主也死了,并且埋葬了。One day the beggar died and was carried by the angels to Abraham’s side. And the rich man also died and was buried.
23他在受痛苦,举目远远地望见亚伯拉罕,又望见拉撒路在他怀里,In Hades, where he was in torment, he looked up and saw Abraham from afar, with Lazarus by his side.
24就喊着说:‘我祖亚伯拉罕哪,可怜我吧!打发拉撒路来,用指头尖蘸点水,我的舌头;因为我在这火焰里,极其痛苦。’So he cried out, ‘Father Abraham, have mercy on me and send Lazarus to dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue. For I am in agony in this fire.’
25亚伯拉罕说:‘儿啊,你该回想你生前享过福,拉撒路也受过苦;如今他在这里得安慰,你倒受痛苦。But Abraham answered, ‘Child, remember that during your lifetime you received your good things, while Lazarus received bad things. But now he is comforted here, while you are in agony.
26不但这样,并且在你我之间,有,以致人要从这边过到你们那边是不能的;要从那边过到我们这边也是不能的。’And besides all this, a great chasm has been fixed between us and you, so that even those who wish cannot cross from here to you, nor can anyone cross from there to us.’
有摩西和先知的话
27财主说:‘我祖啊!既是这样,求你打发拉撒路到我父家去;‘Then I beg you, father,’ he said, ‘send Lazarus to my father’s house,
28因为我还有五个弟兄,他可以对他们作见证,免得他们也来到这痛苦的地方。’for I have five brothers. Let him warn them, so that they will not also end up in this place of torment.’
29亚伯拉罕说:‘他们有的话可以听从。’But Abraham replied, ‘They have Moses and the Prophets; let your brothers listen to them.’
30他说:‘我祖亚伯拉罕哪,不是的,若有一个从死里复活的,到他们那里去的,他们必要悔改。’‘No, father Abraham,’ he said, ‘but if someone is sent to them from the dead, they will repent.’
31亚伯拉罕说:‘若不听从摩西和先知的话,就是有一个从死里复活的,他们也是不听劝。’”Then Abraham said to him, ‘If they do not listen to Moses and the Prophets, they will not be persuaded even if someone rises from the dead.’”
路加福音 第 17 章
不可绊倒人
1耶稣又对门徒说:“人的事是免不了的;但那绊倒人的有祸了。Jesus said to His disciples, “It is inevitable that stumbling blocks will come, but woe to the one through whom they come!
2就是把拴在这人的颈项上,丢在海里,还强如他把这小子里的一个绊倒了。It would be better for him to have a millstone hung around his neck and to be thrown into the sea than to cause one of these little ones to stumble.
饶恕弟兄
3你们要谨慎!若是你的弟兄得罪你,就他;他若,就饶恕他。Watch yourselves. If your brother sins, rebuke him; and if he repents, forgive him.
4倘若他一天七次得罪你,又七次回转,说:‘我懊悔了’,你总要饶恕他。”Even if he sins against you seven times in a day, and seven times returns to say, ‘I repent,’ you must forgive him.”
信心像一粒芥菜种
5使徒对主说:“求主加增我们的信心。”The apostles said to the Lord, “Increase our faith!”
6主说:“你们若有信心像一粒芥菜种,就是对这棵说:‘你要拔起根来,栽在海里’,它也必听从你们。And the Lord answered, “If you have faith the size of a mustard seed, you can say to this mulberry tree, ‘Be uprooted and planted in the sea,’ and it will obey you.
无用的仆人
7你们谁有仆人耕地或是放羊,从田里回来,就对他说:‘你快来坐下吃饭’呢?Which of you whose servant comes in from plowing or shepherding in the field will say to him, ‘Come at once and sit down to eat’?
8岂不对他说:‘你给我预备晚饭,束上带子伺候我,等我吃喝完了,你才可以吃喝’吗?Instead, won’t he tell him, ‘Prepare my meal and dress yourself to serve me while I eat and drink, and afterward you may eat and drink’?
9仆人照所吩咐的去做,主人还谢谢他吗?Does he thank the servant because he did what he was told?
10这样,你们做完了一切所吩咐的,只当说:‘我们是仆人,所做的本是我们做的。’”So you also, when you have done everything commanded of you, should say, ‘We are unworthy servants; we have only done our duty.’”
摘要
耶稣藉财主与拉撒路的比喻警告人:今生若只顾奢华享乐而忽视身旁困苦之人,死后将面临无法逆转的审判,且摩西和先知的话语已足以引导人悔改。接着耶稣教导门徒要谨防绊倒人、操练饶恕、以信心倚靠神,并以仆人的比喻提醒门徒尽责事奉乃是本分而非功劳。十个痲疯病人得医治却只有一个撒玛利亚人回来感恩,耶稣借此指出感恩的稀少;最后论到神国的来临不凭外在征兆,人子的日子如闪电般突然,信徒当随时警醒、不留恋世界。
反思问题
- 财主天天经过拉撒路却视若无睹;在你的日常生活中,是否有你习惯性忽略的需要帮助的人或群体?你可以如何具体回应?
- 十个痲疯病人都得了医治,却只有一个回来感恩;回顾最近神在你生命中的作为,你是否已经向祂表达感谢,还是领受之后就匆匆继续前行?
- 耶稣说凡想保全生命的必丧掉生命;在你目前的生活中,有哪些你紧抓不放的安全感或舒适圈,是神可能在邀请你放下的?