旧约约伯记 38:1–40:14
前情提要
上回说到
昨天(35–37 章)是以利户最后的发言:神借着困苦开通人的耳朵;他用雷声、闪电、冰雪描写神的伟大,结论是“论到全能者,我们不能测度”()。他描写的风雨雷电,正好接上今天的旋风。
今天你会读到
沉默了很久的神终于说话:耶和华从旋风中一连提出许多问题——立地的根基、海的界限、晨光、雪雹、星辰,以及狮子、乌鸦、野山羊、野驴、野牛、鸵鸟、战马和鹰。约伯用手摀口;神又问他能不能像神一样制伏骄傲的人。
阅读小提示
神没有解释约伯为甚么受苦,而是带他看遍受造的世界。留意第一个问题:“我立大地根基的时候,你在哪里呢?”()
点时代可看说明
约伯记的作者和成书年代都不详;传统认为故事背景接近族长时期。
点经节可选取,长按即复制点经节可选取,按 Ctrl+C⌘C 复制
约伯记 第 38 章
耶和华从旋风中回答
1那时,耶和华从旋风中回答约伯说:Then the LORD answered Job out of the whirlwind and said:
2谁用无知的言语使我的旨意暗昧不明?“Who is this who obscures My counsel by words without knowledge?
3你要如勇士;我问你,你可以指示我。Now brace yourself like a man; I will question you, and you shall inform Me.
我立大地根基的时候
4我立大地根基的时候,你在哪里呢?你若有聪明,只管说吧!Where were you when I laid the foundations of the earth? Tell Me, if you have understanding.
5你若晓得就说,是谁定地的尺度?是谁把准绳拉在其上?Who fixed its measurements? Surely you know! Or who stretched a measuring line across it?
6地的根基安置在何处?地的角石是谁安放的?On what were its foundations set, or who laid its cornerstone,
7那时,晨星一同歌唱; 也都欢呼。while the morning stars sang together and all the sons of God shouted for joy?
为海定界限
8海水冲出,如出胎胞,那时谁将它关闭呢?Who enclosed the sea behind doors when it burst forth from the womb,
9是我用云彩当海的衣服,用幽暗当包裹它的布,when I made the clouds its garment and thick darkness its blanket,
10为它定界限,又安门和,when I fixed its boundaries and set in place its bars and doors,
11说:你只可到这里,不可越过;你狂傲的浪要到此止住。and I declared: ‘You may come this far, but no farther; here your proud waves must stop’?
晨光、海源与死亡的门
12你自生以来,曾命定晨光,使清晨的日光知道本位,In your days, have you commanded the morning or assigned the dawn its place,
13叫这光普照地的四极,将恶人从其中驱逐出来吗?that it might spread to the ends of the earth and shake the wicked out of it?
14因这光,地面改变如,万物出现如衣服一样。The earth takes shape like clay under a seal; its hills stand out like the folds of a garment.
15亮光不照恶人;强横的膀臂也必折断。Light is withheld from the wicked, and their upraised arm is broken.
16你曾进到海源,或在深渊的隐密处行走吗?Have you journeyed to the vents of the sea or walked in the trenches of the deep?
17死亡的门曾向你显露吗?的门你曾见过吗?Have the gates of death been revealed to you? Have you seen the gates of the shadow of death?
18地的广大你能明透吗?你若全知道,只管说吧!Have you surveyed the extent of the earth? Tell Me, if you know all this.
19光明的居所从何而至?黑暗的本位在于何处?Where is the way to the home of light? Do you know where darkness resides,
20你能带到本境,能看明其室之路吗?so you can lead it back to its border? Do you know the paths to its home?
21你总知道,因为你早已生在世上,你日子的数目也多。Surely you know, for you were already born! And the number of your days is great!
雪库、雹仓与雨水
22你曾进入雪库,或见过雹仓吗?Have you entered the storehouses of snow or observed the storehouses of hail,
23这雪雹乃是我为降灾,并打仗和争战的日子所预备的。which I hold in reserve for times of trouble, for the day of war and battle?
24光亮从何路分开?东风从何路分散遍地?In which direction is the lightning dispersed, or the east wind scattered over the earth?
25谁为雨水分道?谁为雷电开路?Who cuts a channel for the flood or clears a path for the thunderbolt,
26使雨降在无人之地、无人居住的旷野?to bring rain on a barren land, on a desert where no man lives,
27使荒废凄凉之地得以丰足,青草得以发生?to satisfy the parched wasteland and make it sprout with tender grass?
28雨有父吗?露水珠是谁生的呢?Does the rain have a father? Who has begotten the drops of dew?
29冰出于谁的胎?天上的霜是谁生的呢?From whose womb does the ice emerge? Who gives birth to the frost from heaven,
30诸水坚硬(或译:隐藏)如石头;深渊之面凝结成冰。when the waters become hard as stone and the surface of the deep is frozen?
你能系住昴星的结吗
31你能系住的结吗?能解开参星的带吗?Can you bind the chains of the Pleiades or loosen the belt of Orion?
32你能按时领出吗?能引导和随它的众星(星:原文是子)吗?Can you bring forth the constellations in their seasons or lead out the Bear and her cubs?
33你知道天的定例吗?能使地归在天的权下吗?Do you know the laws of the heavens? Can you set their dominion over the earth?
34你能向云彩扬起声来,使倾盆的雨遮盖你吗?Can you command the clouds so that a flood of water covers you?
35你能发出闪电,叫它行去,使它对你说:我们在这里?Can you send the lightning bolts on their way? Do they report to you, ‘Here we are’?
36谁将智慧放在怀中?谁将聪明赐于心内?Who has put wisdom in the heart or given understanding to the mind?
37–38谁能用智慧数算云彩呢?尘土聚集成团,土块紧紧结连;那时,谁能倾倒呢?Who has the wisdom to count the clouds? Or who can tilt the water jars of the heavens when the dust hardens into a mass and the clods of earth stick together?
谁为狮子和乌鸦预备食物
39–40母狮子在洞中蹲伏,少壮狮子在隐密处埋伏;你能为它们抓取食物,使它们饱足吗?Can you hunt the prey for a lioness or satisfy the hunger of young lions when they crouch in their dens and lie in wait in the thicket?
41乌鸦之雏因无食物飞来飞去,哀告 神;那时,谁为它预备食物呢?Who provides food for the raven when its young cry out to God as they wander about for lack of food?
约伯记 第 39 章
野山羊、母鹿和野驴
1山岩间的野山羊几时生产,你知道吗?母鹿之期,你能察定吗?“Do you know when mountain goats give birth? Have you watched the doe bear her fawn?
2它们怀胎的月数,你能数算吗?它们几时生产,你能晓得吗?Can you count the months they are pregnant? Do you know the time they give birth?
3它们屈身,将子生下,就除掉疼痛。They crouch down and bring forth their young; they deliver their newborn.
4这子渐渐肥壮,在荒野长大,去而不回。Their young ones thrive and grow up in the open field; they leave and do not return.
5谁放出去自由?谁解开快驴的绳索?Who set the wild donkey free? Who released the swift donkey from the harness?
6我使旷野作它的住处,使咸地当它的居所。I made the wilderness his home and the salt flats his dwelling.
7它嗤笑城内的喧嚷,不听赶牲口的喝声。He scorns the tumult of the city and never hears the shouts of a driver.
8遍山是它的草场;它寻找各样青绿之物。He roams the mountains for pasture, searching for any green thing.
野牛岂肯服事你
9岂肯服事你?岂肯住在你的槽旁?Will the wild ox consent to serve you? Will he stay by your manger at night?
10你岂能用套绳将野牛笼在犁沟之间?它岂肯随你耙山谷之地?Can you hold him to the furrow with a harness? Will he plow the valleys behind you?
11岂可因它的力大就倚靠它?岂可把你的工交给它做吗?Can you rely on his great strength? Will you leave your hard work to him?
12岂可信靠它把你的粮食运到家,又收聚你禾场上的谷吗?Can you trust him to bring in your grain and gather it to your threshing floor?
鸵鸟
13的翅膀欢然搧展,岂是显慈爱的翎毛和羽毛吗?The wings of the ostrich flap joyfully, but cannot match the pinions and feathers of the stork.
14因它把蛋留在地上,在尘土中使得温暖;For she leaves her eggs on the ground and lets them warm in the sand.
15却想不到被脚踹碎,或被野兽践踏。She forgets that a foot may crush them, or a wild animal may trample them.
16它忍心待雏,似乎不是自己的;虽然徒受劳苦,也不为雏惧怕;She treats her young harshly, as if not her own, with no concern that her labor was in vain.
17因为 神使它没有智慧,也未将悟性赐给它。For God has deprived her of wisdom; He has not endowed her with understanding.
18它几时挺身展开翅膀,就嗤笑马和骑马的人。Yet when she proudly spreads her wings, she laughs at the horse and its rider.
战马
19马的大力是你所赐的吗?它颈项上的鬃是你给它披上的吗?Do you give strength to the horse or adorn his neck with a mane?
20是你叫它跳跃像蝗虫吗?它喷气之威使人惊惶。Do you make him leap like a locust, striking terror with his proud snorting?
21它在谷中刨地,自喜其力;它出去迎接佩带兵器的人。He paws in the valley and rejoices in his strength; he charges into battle.
22它嗤笑可怕的事并不惊惶,也不因刀剑退回。He laughs at fear, frightened of nothing; he does not turn back from the sword.
23箭袋和发亮的枪,并短枪在它身上铮铮有声。A quiver rattles at his side, along with a flashing spear and lance.
24它发猛烈的怒气将地吞下;一听角声就不耐站立。Trembling with excitement, he devours the distance; he cannot stand still when the ram’s horn sounds.
25角每发声,它说呵哈;它从远处闻着战气,又听见军长大发雷声和兵丁呐喊。At the blast of the horn, he snorts with fervor. He catches the scent of battle from afar, the shouts of captains and the cry of war.
鹰雀与大鹰
26鹰雀飞翔,展开翅膀一直向南,岂是借你的智慧吗?Does the hawk take flight by your understanding and spread his wings toward the south?
27大鹰上腾在高处搭窝,岂是听你的吩咐吗?Does the eagle soar at your command and make his nest on high?
28它住在山岩,以山峰和坚固之所为家,He dwells on a cliff and lodges there; his stronghold is on a rocky crag.
29从那里窥看食物,眼睛远远观望。From there he spies out food; his eyes see it from afar.
30它的雏也;被杀的人在哪里,它也在那里。His young ones feast on blood; and where the slain are, there he is.”
约伯记 第 40 章
约伯用手摀口
1耶和华又对约伯说:And the LORD said to Job:
2强辩的岂可与全能者争论吗?与 神辩驳的可以回答这些吧!“Will the faultfinder contend with the Almighty? Let him who argues with God give an answer.”
3于是,约伯回答耶和华说:Then Job answered the LORD:
4我是的!我用什么回答你呢?只好用手。“Behold, I am insignificant. How can I reply to You? I place my hand over my mouth.
5我说了一次,再不回答;说了两次,就不再说。I have spoken once, but I have no answer—twice, but I have nothing to add.”
你有神那样的膀臂吗
6于是,耶和华从旋风中回答约伯说:Then the LORD answered Job out of the whirlwind and said:
7你要如勇士束腰;我问你,你可以指示我。“Now brace yourself like a man; I will question you, and you shall inform Me.
8你岂可废弃我所的?岂可定我有罪,好显自己为义吗?Would you really annul My justice? Would you condemn Me to justify yourself?
9你有 神那样的膀臂吗?你能像他发雷声吗?Do you have an arm like God’s? Can you thunder with a voice like His?
10你要以荣耀庄严为妆饰,以尊荣威严为衣服;Then adorn yourself with majesty and splendor, and clothe yourself with honor and glory.
11要发出你满溢的怒气,见一切骄傲的人,使他降卑;Unleash the fury of your wrath; look on every proud man and bring him low.
12见一切骄傲的人,将他制伏,把恶人践踏在本处;Look on every proud man and humble him; trample the wicked where they stand.
13将他们一同隐藏在尘土中,把他们的脸蒙蔽在隐密处;Bury them together in the dust; imprison them in the grave.
14我就认你右手能以救自己。Then I will confess to you that your own right hand can save you.
摘要
耶和华从旋风中向约伯说话,以一连串关于创造的质问——大地根基、海洋界限、晨光运行、雪雹雷电、星宿定例、飞禽走兽——显明祂无可测度的智慧与权能。神进一步以野山羊、野驴、野牛、鸵鸟、战马、鹰雀等受造之物,说明万物的本能与秩序皆出于祂的设计,非人力所能掌控。面对神的诘问,约伯承认自己卑微渺小,以手摀口不再强辩;神再次挑战约伯:若要定神有罪以显自己为义,就当展示如神一般的能力审判骄傲与恶人。
反思问题
- 当你面对无法理解的苦难或困境时,神对约伯的提问如何帮助你重新认识神的主权与智慧?
- 约伯最终选择以手摀口、不再强辩。在你的生活中,有哪些时刻你需要放下自己的理性辩论,单单信靠神?
- 神用受造之物的奇妙来彰显祂的能力。观察大自然时,哪些事物曾让你惊叹神的设计,并因此更加敬畏祂?
新约罗马书 2:17–3:8
前情提要
上回说到
昨天():保罗对论断别人的人说,你在甚么事上论断人,就在甚么事上定自己的罪;神“不偏待人”,要照各人的行为审判,连没有律法的外邦人,良心也会作见证。
今天你会读到
保罗直接对倚靠律法夸口的犹太人说话:教导别人却不教导自己,反而叫神的名受亵渎;真割礼是“心里的”。接着他回答几个反驳:犹太人还有甚么长处?人的不信能废掉神的信实吗?
阅读小提示
一连四个问句像一面镜子。读的时候可以把问句中的你换成自己:我是不是只用律法要求别人?
点时代可看说明
传统认为保罗约在主后 57 年写罗马书;罗马教会里有犹太人,也有外邦人信徒。
罗马书 第 2 章
倚靠律法夸口的人
17你称为,又倚靠律法,且指着 神;Now you, if you call yourself a Jew; if you rely on the law and boast in God;
18既从律法中受了教训,就晓得 神的旨意,也能(或译:也喜爱那美好的事);if you know His will and approve of what is superior because you are instructed by the law;
19又深信自己是给瞎子领路的,是黑暗中人的光,if you are convinced that you are a guide for the blind, a light for those in darkness,
20是蠢笨人的师傅,是小孩子的先生,在律法上有知识和真理的。an instructor of the foolish, a teacher of infants, because you have in the law the embodiment of knowledge and truth—
教导别人,却不教导自己
21你既是教导别人,还不教导自己吗?你讲说人不可偷窃,自己还偷窃吗?you, then, who teach others, do you not teach yourself? You who preach against stealing, do you steal?
22你说人不可奸淫,自己还奸淫吗?你厌恶偶像,自己还吗?You who forbid adultery, do you commit adultery? You who abhor idols, do you rob temples?
23你指着律法夸口,自己倒犯律法、玷辱 神吗?You who boast in the law, do you dishonor God by breaking the law?
24神的名在外邦人中,因你们受了,正如的。As it is written: “God’s name is blasphemed among the Gentiles because of you.”
真割礼在乎心
25你若是行律法的,固然于你有益;若是犯律法的,你的割礼就算不得割礼。Circumcision has value if you observe the law, but if you break the law, your circumcision has become uncircumcision.
26所以那未受割礼的,若遵守律法的条例,他虽然未受割礼,岂不算是有割礼吗?If a man who is not circumcised keeps the requirements of the law, will not his uncircumcision be regarded as circumcision?
27而且那本来未受割礼的,若能全守律法,岂不是要审判你这有和割礼竟犯律法的人吗?The one who is physically uncircumcised yet keeps the law will condemn you who, even though you have the written code and circumcision, are a lawbreaker.
28因为外面作犹太人的,不是真犹太人;外面肉身的割礼,也不是真割礼。A man is not a Jew because he is one outwardly, nor is circumcision only outward and physical.
29惟有里面作的,才是真犹太人;真割礼也是心里的,在乎灵,不在乎仪文。这人的称赞不是从人来的,乃是从 神来的。No, a man is a Jew because he is one inwardly, and circumcision is a matter of the heart, by the Spirit, not by the written code. Such a man’s praise does not come from men, but from God.
罗马书 第 3 章
犹太人有甚么长处
1这样说来,犹太人有什么长处?割礼有什么益处呢?What, then, is the advantage of being a Jew? Or what is the value of circumcision?
2凡事大有好处:第一是 神的交托他们。Much in every way. First of all, they have been entrusted with the very words of God.
3即便有不信的,这有何妨呢?难道他们的不信就废掉 神的信吗?What if some did not have faith? Will their lack of faith nullify God’s faithfulness?
4!不如说, 神是真实的,人都是虚谎的。如经上所记:你责备人的时候,显为公义;被人议论的时候,可以得胜。Certainly not! Let God be true and every man a liar. As it is written: “So that You may be proved right when You speak and victorious when You judge.”
我们的不义与神的义
5我且照着人的常话说,我们的不义若显出 神的义来,我们可以怎么说呢?神降怒,是他不义吗?But if our unrighteousness highlights the righteousness of God, what shall we say? That God is unjust to inflict His wrath on us? I am speaking in human terms.
6断乎不是!若是这样, 神怎能审判世界呢?Certainly not! In that case, how could God judge the world?
7若 神的真实,因我的虚谎越发显出他的荣耀,为什么我还受审判,好像罪人呢?However, if my falsehood accentuates God’s truthfulness, to the increase of His glory, why am I still condemned as a sinner?
8为什么不说,我们可以作恶以成善呢?这是毁谤我们的人说我们有这话。这等人定罪是的。Why not say, as some slanderously claim that we say, “Let us do evil that good may result”? Their condemnation is deserved!
摘要
保罗直指倚靠律法和割礼夸口的犹太人:他们教导别人却不教导自己,自夸有律法知识却犯律法,反而使神的名在外邦人中受亵渎。保罗强调真正的犹太人和真割礼是在乎内心与灵,不在乎外在仪文。接着他回应犹太人的优势问题:首要之处在于神的圣言交托他们,但人的不信不能废掉神的信实;同时驳斥“作恶以成善”的谬论,坚持神审判世界的公义不容质疑。
反思问题
- 保罗指出教导别人却不教导自己的矛盾。你是否有在信仰知识上要求别人,却忽略自省的时候?如何更真实地活出所信的?
- ‘真割礼是心里的,在乎灵,不在乎仪文。’你的信仰生活中,有哪些可能流于外在形式而缺乏内在生命更新的地方?
- 保罗说神的恩慈是要领人悔改。面对神的宽容忍耐,你是否曾因此轻忽悔改?如何以感恩的心回应神的恩慈?