今日读经

旧约 申命记 17:1–19:21
新约 路加福音 3:1–22

第 79 / 365 天 · 约 8 分钟

旧约申命记 17:1–19:21

前情提要

上回说到

昨天():神的子民要分辨洁净与不洁净的食物,把十分之一带到神面前吃喝快乐,每三年的十分之一留给利未人和孤儿寡妇;每七年要豁免债务、释放希伯来奴仆;一年三次在逾越节、七七节、住棚节朝见神;并要设立秉公审判的审判官。

今天你会读到

这几章谈进迦南后的领袖和司法:拜别神的要凭两三个见证人定罪;难断的案件交给祭司和审判官;将来立王,王不可多积马匹、妃嫔和金银,要抄录律法书天天诵读;祭司利未人靠祭物为生;不可求问占卜交鬼的,神要兴起一位像摩西的先知;最后重申逃城和见证人的规定。

阅读小提示

留意 :“耶和华─你的 神要从你们弟兄中间给你兴起一位先知,像我”;新约的使徒认为这话应验在耶稣身上()。

■ 当时 □ 预言所指

点时代可看说明

传统年代约主前 1400 年。立王的条例在几百年后以色列要求立王时(撒上 8 章)才派上用场;所罗门后来正是在马匹、妃嫔、金银上违背了这些吩咐()。

点经节可选取,长按即复制点经节可选取,按 Ctrl+C⌘C 复制

申命记 第 17 章

不可献有残疾的牛羊

1“凡有残疾,或有什么恶病的牛羊,你都不可献给耶和华—你的 神,因为这是耶和华—你 神所憎恶的。You shall not sacrifice to the LORD your God an ox or a sheep with any defect or serious flaw, for that is detestable to the LORD your God.

凭两三个见证人定罪

2“在你们中间,在耶和华—你 神所赐你的诸城中,无论哪座城里,若有人,或男或女,行耶和华—你 神眼中看为恶的事,违背了他的约,If a man or woman among you in one of the towns that the LORD your God gives you is found doing evil in the sight of the LORD your God by transgressing His covenant

3去事奉敬拜别神,或拜日头,或拜月亮,或拜天象,是主不曾吩咐的;and going to worship other gods, bowing down to them or to the sun or moon or any of the host of heaven—which I have forbidden—

4有人告诉你,你也听见了,就要细细地探听,果然是真,准有这可憎恶的事行在以色列中,and if it is reported and you hear about it, you must investigate it thoroughly. If the report is true and such an abomination has happened in Israel,

5你就要将行这恶事的男人或女人拉到城门外,用石头将他打死。you must bring out to your gates the man or woman who has done this evil thing, and you must stone that person to death.

6要凭作见证将那当死的人治死;不可凭一个人的口作见证将他治死。On the testimony of two or three witnesses a man shall be put to death, but he shall not be executed on the testimony of a lone witness.

7见证人要先下手,然后众民也下手将他治死。这样,就把那恶从你们中间除掉。The hands of the witnesses shall be the first in putting him to death, and after that, the hands of all the people. So you must purge the evil from among you.

难断的案件

8“你城中若起了争讼的事,或因流血,或因争竞,或因殴打,是你难断的案件,你就当起来,往耶和华—你 神所选择的地方If a case is too difficult for you to judge, whether the controversy within your gates is regarding bloodshed, lawsuits, or assaults, you must go up to the place the LORD your God will choose.

9去见,并当时的审判官,求问他们,他们必将判语指示你。You are to go to the Levitical priests and to the judge who presides at that time. Inquire of them, and they will give you a verdict in the case.

10他们在耶和华所选择的地方指示你的判语,你必照着他们所指教你的一切话谨守遵行。You must abide by the verdict they give you at the place the LORD will choose. Be careful to do everything they instruct you,

11要按他们所指教你的律法,照他们所断定的去行;他们所指示你的判语,你不可偏离左右。according to the terms of law they give and the verdict they proclaim. Do not turn aside to the right or to the left from the decision they declare to you.

12若有人不听从那侍立在耶和华—你 神面前的祭司,或不听从审判官,那人就必治死;这样,便将那恶从以色列中除掉。But the man who acts presumptuously, refusing to listen either to the priest who stands there to serve the LORD your God, or to the judge, must be put to death. You must purge the evil from Israel.

13众百姓都要听见害怕,不再擅敢行事。”Then all the people will hear and be afraid, and will no longer behave arrogantly.

将来立王的条例

14“到了耶和华—你 神所赐你的地,得了那地居住的时候,若说:‘我要立王治理我,像四围的国一样。’When you enter the land that the LORD your God is giving you and have taken possession of it and settled in it, and you say, “Let us set a king over us like all the nations around us,”

15你总要立耶和华—你 神所拣选的人为王。必从你弟兄中立一人;不可立你弟兄以外的人为王。you are to appoint over yourselves the king whom the LORD your God shall choose. Appoint a king from among your brothers; you are not to set over yourselves a foreigner who is not one of your brothers.

16只是王不可为自己加添,也不可使百姓回埃及去,为要加添他的马匹,因耶和华曾吩咐你们说:‘不可再回那条路去。’But the king must not acquire many horses for himself or send the people back to Egypt to acquire more horses, for the LORD has said, ‘You are never to go back that way again.’

17他也不可为自己多立,恐怕他的心偏邪;也不可为自己多积金银。He must not take many wives for himself, lest his heart go astray. He must not accumulate for himself large amounts of silver and gold.

18他登了国位,就要将祭司利未人面前的这律法书,为自己一本,When he is seated on his royal throne, he must write for himself a copy of this instruction on a scroll in the presence of the Levitical priests.

19存在他那里,要诵读,好学习敬畏耶和华—他的 神,谨守遵行这律法书上的一切言语和这些律例,It is to remain with him, and he is to read from it all the days of his life, so that he may learn to fear the LORD his God by carefully observing all the words of this instruction and these statutes.

20免得他向弟兄心高气傲,偏左偏右,离了这诫命。这样,他和他的子孙便可在以色列中,在国位上年长日久。”Then his heart will not be exalted above his countrymen, and he will not turn aside from the commandment, to the right or to the left, in order that he and his sons may reign many years over his kingdom in Israel.

申命记 第 18 章

祭司利未人的分

1“祭司利未人和利未全支派必在以色列中无分无业;他们所吃用的就是献给耶和华的火祭和一切所捐的。The Levitical priests—indeed the whole tribe of Levi—shall have no portion or inheritance with Israel. They are to eat the food offerings to the LORD; that is their inheritance.

2他们在弟兄中必没有产业;耶和华是他们的产业,正如耶和华所应许他们的。Although they have no inheritance among their brothers, the LORD is their inheritance, as He promised them.

3祭司从百姓所当得的分乃是这样:凡献牛或羊为祭的,要把前腿和两腮并脾胃给祭司。This shall be the priests’ share from the people who offer a sacrifice, whether a bull or a sheep: the priests are to be given the shoulder, the jowls, and the stomach.

4初收的五谷、新酒和油,并初剪的羊毛,也要给他;You are to give them the firstfruits of your grain, new wine, and oil, and the first wool sheared from your flock.

5因为耶和华—你的 神从你各支派中将他拣选出来,使他和他子孙永远奉耶和华的名侍立,事奉。For the LORD your God has chosen Levi and his sons out of all your tribes to stand and minister in His name for all time.

6“利未人无论寄居在以色列中的哪一座城,若从那里出来,一心愿意到耶和华所选择的地方,Now if a Levite moves from any town of residence throughout Israel and comes in all earnestness to the place the LORD will choose,

7就要奉耶和华—他 神的名事奉,像他众弟兄利未人侍立在耶和华面前事奉一样。then he shall serve in the name of the LORD his God like all his fellow Levites who stand there before the LORD.

8除了他卖祖父产业所得的以外,还要得一分祭物与他们同吃。”They shall eat equal portions, even though he has received money from the sale of his father’s estate.

不可学外邦人占卜交鬼

9“你到了耶和华—你 神所赐之地,那些国民所行可憎恶的事,你不可学着行。When you enter the land that the LORD your God is giving you, do not imitate the detestable ways of the nations there.

10你们中间不可有人,也不可有占卜的、、用法术的、行邪术的、Let no one be found among you who sacrifices his son or daughter in the fire, practices divination or conjury, interprets omens, practices sorcery,

11用迷术的、、行巫术的、。casts spells, consults a medium or spiritist, or inquires of the dead.

12凡行这些事的都为耶和华所憎恶;因那些国民行这可憎恶的事,所以耶和华—你的 神将他们从你面前赶出。For whoever does these things is detestable to the LORD. And because of these detestable things, the LORD your God is driving out the nations before you.

13你要在耶和华—你的 神面前作。”You must be blameless before the LORD your God.

14“因你所要赶出的那些国民都听信观兆的和占卜的,至于你,耶和华—你的 神从来不许你这样行。Though these nations, which you will dispossess, listen to conjurers and diviners, the LORD your God has not permitted you to do so.

神要兴起一位像摩西的先知

15耶和华—你的 神要从你们弟兄中间给你兴起,像我,你们要听从他。The LORD your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your brothers. You must listen to him.

16正如你在何烈山大会的日子求耶和华—你 神一切的话,说:‘求你不再叫我听见耶和华—我 神的声音,也不再叫我看见这大火,免得我死亡。’This is what you asked of the LORD your God at Horeb on the day of the assembly, when you said, “Let us not hear the voice of the LORD our God or see this great fire anymore, so that we will not die!”

17耶和华就对我说:‘他们所说的是。Then the LORD said to me, “They have spoken well.

18我必在他们弟兄中间给他们兴起一位先知,像你。我要将当说的话传给他;他要将我一切所吩咐的都传给他们。I will raise up for them a prophet like you from among their brothers. I will put My words in his mouth, and he will tell them everything I command him.

19谁不听他奉我名所说的话,我必讨谁的罪。And I will hold accountable anyone who does not listen to My words that the prophet speaks in My name.

怎样分辨假先知

20若有先知擅敢托我的名说我所未曾吩咐他说的话,或是奉别神的名说话,那先知就必治死。’But if any prophet dares to speak a message in My name that I have not commanded him to speak, or to speak in the name of other gods, that prophet must be put to death.”

21你心里若说:‘耶和华所未曾吩咐的话,我们怎能知道呢?’You may ask in your heart, “How can we recognize a message that the LORD has not spoken?”

22先知托耶和华的名说话,所说的若不成就,也无,这就是耶和华所未曾吩咐的,是那先知擅自说的,你不要怕他。”When a prophet speaks in the name of the LORD and the message does not come to pass or come true, that is a message the LORD has not spoken. The prophet has spoken presumptuously. Do not be afraid of him.

申命记 第 19 章

分定三座逃城

1“耶和华—你 神将列国之民剪除的时候,耶和华—你 神也将他们的地赐给你,你接着住他们的城邑并他们的房屋,When the LORD your God has cut off the nations whose land He is giving you, and when you have driven them out and settled in their cities and houses,

2就要在耶和华—你 神所赐你为业的地上分定三座城。then you are to set apart for yourselves three cities within the land that the LORD your God is giving you to possess.

3要将耶和华—你 神使你承受为业的地分为三段;又要预备道路,使误杀人的,都可以逃到那里去。You are to build roads for yourselves and divide into three regions the land that the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance, so that any manslayer can flee to these cities.

4“误杀人的逃到那里可以存活,定例乃是这样:凡素无仇恨,无心杀了人的,Now this is the situation regarding the manslayer who flees to one of these cities to save his life, having killed his neighbor accidentally, without intending to harm him:

5就如人与邻舍同入树林砍伐树木,手拿斧子一砍,本想砍下树木,不料,斧头,飞落在邻舍身上,以致于死,这人逃到那些城的一座城,就可以存活,If he goes into the forest with his neighbor to cut timber and swings his axe to chop down a tree, but the blade flies off the handle and strikes and kills his neighbor, he may flee to one of these cities to save his life.

6免得报血仇的,追赶他,因路远就追上,将他杀死;其实他不该死,因为他与被杀的素无仇恨。Otherwise, the avenger of blood might pursue the manslayer in a rage, overtake him if the distance is great, and strike him dead though he did not deserve to die, since he did not intend any harm.

7所以我吩咐你说,要分定三座城。This is why I am commanding you to set apart for yourselves three cities.

8耶和华—你 神若照他向你列祖所起的誓扩张你的境界,将所应许赐你列祖的地全然给你,And if the LORD your God enlarges your territory, as He swore to your fathers, and gives you all the land He promised them,

9你若谨守遵行我今日所吩咐的这一切诫命,爱耶和华—你的 神,常常遵行他的道,就要在这三座城之外,再添三座城,and if you carefully keep all these commandments I am giving you today, loving the LORD your God and walking in His ways at all times, then you are to add three more cities to these three.

10免得无辜之人的血流在耶和华—你 神所赐你为业的地上,流血的罪就归于你。Thus innocent blood will not be shed in the land that the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance, so that you will not be guilty of bloodshed.

故意杀人的不受保护

11“若有人恨他的邻舍,埋伏着起来击杀他,以致于死,便逃到这些城的一座城,If, however, a man hates his neighbor and lies in wait, attacks him and kills him, and then flees to one of these cities,

12本城的长老就要打发人去,从那里带出他来,交在报血仇的手中,将他治死。the elders of his city must send for him, bring him back, and hand him over to the avenger of blood to die.

13你眼不可顾惜他,却要从以色列中除掉流无辜血的罪,使你可以得福。”You must show him no pity. You are to purge from Israel the guilt of shedding innocent blood, that it may go well with you.

不可挪移地界

14“在耶和华—你 神所赐你承受为业之地,不可挪移你邻舍的,那是先人所定的。”You must not move your neighbor’s boundary marker, which was set up by your ancestors to mark the inheritance you shall receive in the land that the LORD your God is giving you to possess.

见证人的规定

15“人无论犯什么罪,作什么恶,不可凭一个人的口作见证,总要凭两三个人的口作见证才可定案。A lone witness is not sufficient to establish any wrongdoing or sin against a man, regardless of what offense he may have committed. A matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.

16若有凶恶的见证人起来,见证某人作恶,If a false witness testifies against someone, accusing him of a crime,

17这两个争讼的人就要站在耶和华面前,和当时的祭司,并审判官面前,both parties to the dispute must stand in the presence of the LORD, before the priests and judges who are in office at that time.

18审判官要细细地查究,若见证人果然是作假见证的,以假见证陷害弟兄,The judges shall investigate thoroughly, and if the witness is proven to be a liar who has falsely accused his brother,

19你们就要待他如同他想要待的弟兄。这样,就把那恶从你们中间除掉。you must do to him as he intended to do to his brother. So you must purge the evil from among you.

20别人听见都要害怕,就不敢在你们中间再行这样的恶了。Then the rest of the people will hear and be afraid, and they will never again do anything so evil among you.

21你眼不可顾惜,要以命偿命,,以牙还牙,以手还手,以脚还脚。”You must show no pity: life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, and foot for foot.

摘要

申命记第17至19章涵盖以色列民敬拜、治理与司法的律例。第17章强调献祭须完全无瑕、拜偶像者当受严惩,并为未来君王立下规范——不可积聚财富权势,当终生诵读律法书以敬畏神。第18章规定利未人以耶和华为产业、禁止一切占卜巫术,并预言神将兴起一位像摩西的先知,百姓当听从他。第19章设立逃城制度保护误杀人者,同时严惩蓄意杀人与作假见证者,彰显神对公义与怜悯的平衡。

反思问题

  1. 神对君王的要求是不积聚权势且终生读经,这对你在拥有权柄或影响力时如何自处有什么提醒?
  2. 经文严禁占卜巫术,要求百姓在神面前作完全人。在现代生活中,有哪些事物可能取代了神在你心中的引导地位?
  3. 逃城制度区分了蓄意犯罪与无心之过。你在日常人际关系中,是否也能分辨动机、给予他人合宜的恩典与公正?

新约路加福音 3:1–22

前情提要

上回说到

昨天():耶稣受割礼、起名,被带到圣殿献给主;西面和亚拿都认出祂就是神所应许的救恩。耶稣十二岁时留在圣殿里与教师们问答,说祂应当以父的事为念,然后回到拿撒勒顺从父母,智慧和身量一齐增长。

今天你会读到

约翰在旷野得到神的话,到约旦河一带宣讲悔改的洗礼;他责备群众要结出与悔改相称的果子,并具体教导百姓、税吏和兵丁该怎样行,又说有一位比他更大的要来。约翰后来被希律下在监里;耶稣受洗时,圣灵像鸽子降在祂身上,天上有声音说:“你是我的爱子,我喜悦你。”

阅读小提示

留意 –14:约翰说的悔改很具体:有两件衣裳的分给没有的;税吏不要多取;兵丁不要讹诈人,有钱粮就当知足。

点时代可看说明

提庇留在位第十五年约是主后 28–29 年,约翰和耶稣大约在这时开始公开传道。

路加福音 第 3 章

约翰在旷野得到神的话

1凯撒在位第十五年,本丢·彼拉多作犹太巡抚,希律作加利利,他兄弟腓力作以土利亚和特拉可尼地方分封的王,吕撒聂作亚比利尼分封的王,In the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, while Pontius Pilate was governor of Judea, Herod tetrarch of Galilee, his brother Philip tetrarch of Ituraea and Trachonitis, and Lysanias tetrarch of Abilene,

2亚那和作大祭司。那时,撒迦利亚的儿子约翰在旷野里, 神的话临到他。during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John son of Zechariah in the wilderness.

宣讲悔改的洗礼

3他就来到约旦河一带地方,宣讲,使罪得赦。He went into all the region around the Jordan, preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins,

4正如先知以赛亚书上所记的话,说:在旷野有人声喊着说:预备主的道,修直他的路!as it is written in the book of the words of Isaiah the prophet: “A voice of one calling in the wilderness, ‘Prepare the way for the Lord, make straight paths for Him.

5一切都要填满;大小山冈都要削平!弯弯曲曲的地方要改为正直;高高低低的道路要改为平坦!Every valley shall be filled in, and every mountain and hill made low. The crooked ways shall be made straight, and the rough ways smooth.

6凡有血气的,都要见 神的救恩!And all humanity will see God’s salvation.’”

结出与悔改相称的果子

7约翰对那出来要受他洗的众人说:“!谁指示你们逃避将来的忿怒呢?Then John said to the crowds coming out to be baptized by him, “You brood of vipers, who warned you to flee from the coming wrath?

8你们要结出果子来,与悔改的心。不要自己心里说:‘有亚伯拉罕为我们的祖宗。’我告诉你们, 神能从这些石头中,给亚伯拉罕兴起子孙来。Produce fruit, then, in keeping with repentance. And do not begin to say to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham as our father.’ For I tell you that out of these stones God can raise up children for Abraham.

9现在斧子已经放在树根上,凡不结好果子的树就砍下来,丢在火里。”The axe lies ready at the root of the trees, and every tree that does not produce good fruit will be cut down and thrown into the fire.”

我们当做甚么呢

10众人问他说:“这样,我们当做什么呢?”The crowds asked him, “What then should we do?”

11约翰回答说:“有两件衣裳的,就分给那没有的;有食物的,也当这样行。”John replied, “Whoever has two tunics should share with him who has none, and whoever has food should do the same.”

12又有来要受洗,问他说:“夫子,我们当做什么呢?”Even tax collectors came to be baptized. “Teacher,” they asked, “what should we do?”

13约翰说:“除了,不要多取。”“Collect no more than you are authorized,” he answered.

14又有兵丁问他说:“我们当做什么呢?”约翰说:“不要以强暴待人,也不要人,自己有就当知足。”Then some soldiers asked him, “And what should we do?” “Do not take money by force or false accusation,” he said. “Be content with your wages.”

比约翰更大的要来

15百姓指望基督来的时候,人都心里猜疑,或者约翰是基督。The people were waiting expectantly and were all wondering in their hearts if John could be the Christ.

16约翰说:“我是用水给你们施洗,但有一位能力比我更大的要来,我就是给他也不配。他要用圣灵与火给你们施洗。John answered all of them: “I baptize you with water, but One more powerful than I will come, the straps of whose sandals I am not worthy to untie. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire.

17他手里拿着,要扬净他的场,把麦子收在仓里,把糠用不灭的火烧尽了。”His winnowing fork is in His hand to clear His threshing floor and to gather the wheat into His barn; but He will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire.”

18约翰又用许多别的话劝百姓,向他们传福音。With these and many other exhortations, John proclaimed the good news to the people.

约翰被收在监里

19只是分封的王希律,因他兄弟之妻的缘故,并因他所行的一切恶事,受了约翰的责备;But when he rebuked Herod the tetrarch regarding his brother’s wife Herodias and all the evils he had done,

20又另外添了一件,就是把约翰收在监里。Herod added this to them all: He locked John up in prison.

耶稣受洗

21众百姓都受了洗,耶稣也受了洗。正祷告的时候,天就开了,When all the people were being baptized, Jesus was baptized too. And as He was praying, heaven was opened,

22圣灵降临在他身上,形状仿佛鸽子;又有声音从天上来,说:“你是我的,我喜悦你。”and the Holy Spirit descended on Him in a bodily form like a dove. And a voice came from heaven: “You are My beloved Son; in You I am well pleased.”

摘要

路加福音第三章记载施洗约翰在旷野传悔改的洗礼,呼吁众人以实际行动结出与悔改相称的果子——分衣分食、诚实纳税、不以权势欺人。约翰明确表明自己不是基督,预告那位用圣灵与火施洗的更大者将要来临。耶稣受洗祷告时天开了,圣灵降临如鸽子,天父亲自宣告祂是爱子,标志着耶稣公开事工的起点。

反思问题

  1. 约翰要求不同身分的人(百姓、税吏、兵丁)各按处境结出悔改的果子。在你目前的角色和处境中,“与悔改相称的果子”具体是什么?
  2. 约翰清楚认识自己的身分与使命,不僭越也不自卑。你如何在服事或工作中保持对自身角色的清醒认识,把荣耀归给神?
  3. 耶稣受洗时天父说“你是我的爱子,我喜悦你”,这是在祂开始事工之前。神对你的爱是否也先于你的表现?这如何影响你面对挑战时的信心?