旧约利未记 13:1–59
前情提要
上回说到
昨天(11–12 章):神分别哪些动物可吃、哪些不可吃——走兽要蹄分两瓣又倒嚼,水族要有翅有鳞;摸了死物就不洁净到晚上。神一再说“你们要圣洁,因为我是圣洁的”()。第 12 章讲妇人产后的洁净条例。
今天你会读到
祭司要怎样察看皮肤上的各种病症:疖子、癣、火斑、疮、火毒、头疥、头秃,判断是不是“大痲疯”;确定不洁净的人要住在营外。最后一段讲衣服和皮子上发绿、发红的斑(可能是霉菌一类)怎样处理。
阅读小提示
留意 –46:患者要喊叫“不洁净了!不洁净了!”,独居营外。记住这个画面,两天后读到 耶稣伸手摸长大痲疯的人,就更明白那有多不寻常。
点时代可看说明
祭司在这里的角色不是医治,而是判定洁净或不洁净,决定人能不能留在营中、参加敬拜。
点经节可选取,长按即复制点经节可选取,按 Ctrl+C⌘C 复制
利未记 第 13 章
祭司察看皮肤上的灾病
1耶和华晓谕摩西、亚伦说:Then the LORD said to Moses and Aaron,
2“人的肉皮上若长了子,或长了癣,或长了,在他肉皮上成了的灾病,就要将他带到祭司亚伦或亚伦作祭司的一个子孙面前。“When someone has a swelling or rash or bright spot on his skin that may be an infectious skin disease, he must be brought to Aaron the priest or to one of his sons who is a priest.
3祭司要察看肉皮上的灾病,若灾病处的毛已经变白,灾病的现象肉上的皮,这便是大麻风的灾病。祭司要察看他,定他为不洁净。The priest is to examine the infection on his skin, and if the hair in the infection has turned white and the sore appears to be deeper than the skin, it is a skin disease. After the priest examines him, he must pronounce him unclean.
4若火斑在他肉皮上是白的,现象不深于皮,其上的毛也没有变白,祭司就要将有灾病的人。If, however, the spot on his skin is white and does not appear to be deeper than the skin, and the hair in it has not turned white, the priest shall isolate the infected person for seven days.
5第七天,祭司要察看他,若看灾病止住了,没有在皮上发散,祭司还要将他关锁七天。On the seventh day the priest is to reexamine him, and if he sees that the infection is unchanged and has not spread on the skin, the priest must isolate him for another seven days.
6第七天,祭司要再察看他,若灾病发暗,而且没有在皮上发散,祭司要定他为洁净,原来是癣;那人就要洗衣服,得为洁净。The priest will examine him again on the seventh day, and if the sore has faded and has not spread on the skin, the priest shall pronounce him clean; it is a rash. The person must wash his clothes and be clean.
7但他为得洁净,将身体给祭司察看以后,癣若在皮上发散开了,他要再将身体给祭司察看。But if the rash spreads further on his skin after he has shown himself to the priest for his cleansing, he must present himself again to the priest.
8祭司要察看,癣若在皮上发散,就要定他为不洁净,是大麻风。The priest will reexamine him, and if the rash has spread on the skin, the priest must pronounce him unclean; it is a skin disease.
白疖、红肉与旧大痲疯
9“人有了大麻风的灾病,就要将他带到祭司面前。When anyone develops a skin disease, he must be brought to the priest.
10祭司要察看,皮上若长了白疖,使毛变白,在长白疖之处有了红,The priest will examine him, and if there is a white swelling on the skin that has turned the hair white, and there is raw flesh in the swelling,
11这是肉皮上的旧大麻风,祭司要定他为不洁净,不用将他关锁,因为他是不洁净了。it is a chronic skin disease and the priest must pronounce him unclean. He need not isolate him, for he is unclean.
12大麻风若在皮上四外发散,长满了患灾病人的皮,据祭司察看,从头到脚无处不有,But if the skin disease breaks out all over his skin so that it covers all the skin of the infected person from head to foot, as far as the priest can see,
13祭司就要察看,全身的肉若长满了大麻风,就要定那患灾病的为洁净;全身都变为白,他乃洁净了。the priest shall examine him, and if the disease has covered his entire body, he is to pronounce the infected person clean. Since it has all turned white, he is clean.
14但红肉几时显在他的身上就几时不洁净。But whenever raw flesh appears on someone, he will be unclean.
15祭司一看那红肉就定他为不洁净。红肉本是不洁净,是大麻风。When the priest sees the raw flesh, he must pronounce him unclean. The raw flesh is unclean; it is a skin disease.
16红肉若复原,又变白了,他就要来见祭司。But if the raw flesh changes and turns white, he must go to the priest.
17祭司要察看,灾病处若变白了,祭司就要定那患灾病的为洁净,他乃洁净了。The priest will reexamine him, and if the infection has turned white, the priest is to pronounce the infected person clean; then he is clean.
疮处的灾病
18“人若在皮肉上长疮,却治好了,When a boil appears on someone’s skin and it heals,
19在长疮之处又起了白疖,或是白中带红的火斑,就要给祭司察看。and a white swelling or a reddish-white spot develops where the boil was, he must present himself to the priest.
20祭司要察看,若现象,其上的毛也变白了,就要定他为不洁净,是大麻风的灾病发在疮中。The priest shall examine it, and if it appears to be beneath the skin and the hair in it has turned white, the priest shall pronounce him unclean; it is a diseased infection that has broken out in the boil.
21祭司若察看,其上没有白毛,也没有洼于皮,乃是发暗,就要将他关锁七天。But when the priest examines it, if there is no white hair in it, and it is not beneath the skin and has faded, the priest shall isolate him for seven days.
22若在皮上发散开了,祭司就要定他为不洁净,是灾病。If it spreads any further on the skin, the priest must pronounce him unclean; it is an infection.
23火斑若在原处止住,没有发散,便是疮的痕迹,祭司就要定他为洁净。But if the spot remains unchanged and does not spread, it is only the scar from the boil, and the priest shall pronounce him clean.
火毒处的灾病
24“人的皮肉上若起了火毒,火毒的瘀肉成了火斑,或是白中带红的,或是全白的,When there is a burn on someone’s skin and the raw area of the burn becomes reddish-white or white,
25祭司就要察看,火斑中的毛若变白了,现象又深于皮,是大麻风在火毒中发出,就要定他为不洁净,是大麻风的灾病。the priest must examine it. If the hair in the spot has turned white and the spot appears to be deeper than the skin, it is a disease that has broken out in the burn. The priest must pronounce him unclean; it is a diseased infection.
26但是祭司察看,在火斑中若没有白毛,也没有洼于皮,乃是发暗,就要将他关锁七天。But if the priest examines it and there is no white hair in the spot, and it is not beneath the skin but has faded, the priest shall isolate him for seven days.
27到第七天,祭司要察看他,火斑若在皮上发散开了,就要定他为不洁净,是大麻风的灾病。On the seventh day the priest is to reexamine him, and if it has spread further on the skin, the priest must pronounce him unclean; it is a diseased infection.
28火斑若在原处止住,没有在皮上发散,乃是发暗,是起的火毒,祭司要定他为洁净,不过是火毒的痕迹。But if the spot is unchanged and has not spread on the skin but has faded, it is a swelling from the burn, and the priest is to pronounce him clean; for it is only the scar from the burn.
头上或胡须上的头疥
29“无论男女,若在头上有灾病,或是男人胡须上有灾病,If a man or woman has an infection on the head or chin,
30祭司就要察看;这灾病现象若深于皮,其间有细黄毛,就要定他为不洁净,这是头疥,是头上或是胡须上的大麻风。the priest shall examine the infection, and if it appears to be deeper than the skin and the hair in it is yellow and thin, the priest must pronounce him unclean; it is a scaly outbreak, an infectious disease of the head or chin.
31祭司若察看头疥的灾病,现象不深于皮,其间也没有黑毛,就要将长头疥灾病的关锁七天。But if the priest examines the scaly infection and it does not appear to be deeper than the skin, and there is no black hair in it, the priest shall isolate the infected person for seven days.
32第七天,祭司要察看灾病,若头疥没有发散,其间也没有黄毛,头疥的现象不深于皮,On the seventh day the priest is to reexamine the infection, and if the scaly outbreak has not spread and there is no yellow hair in it, and it does not appear to be deeper than the skin,
33那人就要剃去须发,但他不可剃头疥之处。祭司要将那长头疥的,再关锁七天。then the person must shave himself except for the scaly area. Then the priest shall isolate him for another seven days.
34第七天,祭司要察看头疥,头疥若没有在皮上发散,现象也不深于皮,就要定他为洁净,他要洗衣服,便成为洁净。On the seventh day the priest shall examine the scaly outbreak, and if it has not spread on the skin and does not appear to be deeper than the skin, the priest is to pronounce him clean. He must wash his clothes, and he will be clean.
35但他得洁净以后,头疥若在皮上发散开了,If, however, the scaly outbreak spreads further on the skin after his cleansing,
36祭司就要察看他。头疥若在皮上发散,就不必找那黄毛,他是不洁净了。the priest is to examine him, and if the scaly outbreak has spread on the skin, the priest need not look for yellow hair; the person is unclean.
37祭司若看头疥已经止住,其间也长了黑毛,头疥已然痊愈,那人是洁净了,就要定他为洁净。If, however, in his sight the scaly outbreak is unchanged and black hair has grown in it, then it has healed. He is clean, and the priest is to pronounce him clean.
白癣是洁净的
38“无论男女,皮肉上若起了火斑,就是白火斑,When a man or a woman has white spots on the skin,
39祭司就要察看,他们肉皮上的火斑若白中带黑,这是皮上发出的白癣,那人是洁净了。the priest shall examine them, and if the spots are dull white, it is a harmless rash that has broken out on the skin; the person is clean.
头秃不算不洁净
40“人头上的发若掉了,他不过是头秃,还是洁净。Now if a man loses his hair and is bald, he is still clean.
41他顶前若掉了头发,他不过是,还是洁净。Or if his hairline recedes and he is bald on his forehead, he is still clean.
42头秃处或是顶门秃处若有白中带红的灾病,这就是大麻风发在他头秃处或是顶门秃处,But if there is a reddish-white sore on the bald head or forehead, it is an infectious disease breaking out on it.
43祭司就要察看,他起的那灾病若在头秃处或是顶门秃处有白中带红的,像肉皮上大麻风的现象,The priest is to examine him, and if the swelling of the infection on his bald head or forehead is reddish-white like a skin disease,
44那人就是长大麻风,不洁净的,祭司总要定他为不洁净,他的灾病是在头上。the man is diseased; he is unclean. The priest must pronounce him unclean because of the infection on his head.
患者要独居营外
45“身上有长大麻风灾病的,他的衣服要撕裂,也要蓬头散发,,喊叫说:‘不洁净了!不洁净了!’A diseased person must wear torn clothes and let his hair hang loose, and he must cover his mouth and cry out, ‘Unclean, unclean!’
46灾病在他身上的日子,他便是不洁净;他既是不洁净,就要独居。”As long as he has the infection, he remains unclean. He must live alone in a place outside the camp.
衣服和皮子上的灾病
47“染了大麻风灾病的衣服,无论是羊毛衣服、是麻布衣服,If any fabric is contaminated with mildew—any wool or linen garment,
48无论是在、在纬上,是麻布的、是羊毛的,是在皮子上,或在皮子做的什么物件上,any weave or knit of linen or wool, or any article of leather—
49或在衣服上、皮子上,经上、纬上,或在皮子做的什么物件上,这灾病若是发绿,或是发红,是大麻风的灾病,要给祭司察看。and if the mark in the fabric, leather, weave, knit, or leather article is green or red, then it is contaminated with mildew and must be shown to the priest.
50祭司就要察看那灾病,把染了灾病的物件关锁七天。And the priest is to examine the mildew and isolate the contaminated fabric for seven days.
51第七天,他要察看那灾病,灾病或在衣服上,经上、纬上,皮子上,若发散,这皮子无论当作何用,这灾病是,都是不洁净了。On the seventh day the priest shall reexamine it, and if the mildew has spread in the fabric, weave, knit, or leather, then regardless of how it is used, it is a harmful mildew; the article is unclean.
52那染了灾病的衣服,或是经上、纬上,羊毛上,麻衣上,或是皮子做的什么物件上,他都要焚烧;因为这是蚕食的大麻风,必在火中焚烧。He is to burn the fabric, weave, or knit, whether the contaminated item is wool or linen or leather. Since the mildew is harmful, the article must be burned up.
53“祭司要察看,若灾病在衣服上,经上、纬上,或是皮子做的什么物件上,没有发散,But when the priest reexamines it, if the mildew has not spread in the fabric, weave, knit, or leather article,
54祭司就要吩咐他们,把染了灾病的物件洗了,再关锁七天。the priest is to order the contaminated article to be washed and isolated for another seven days.
55洗过以后,祭司要察看,那物件若没有变色,灾病也没有消散,那物件就不洁净,是的灾病,无论正面反面,都要在火中焚烧。After it has been washed, the priest is to reexamine it, and if the mildewed article has not changed in appearance, it is unclean. Even though the mildew has not spread, you must burn it, whether the rot is on the front or back.
56洗过以后,祭司要察看,若见那灾病发暗,他就要把那灾病从衣服上、皮子上、经上、纬上,都撕去。If the priest examines it and the mildew has faded after it has been washed, he must cut the contaminated section out of the fabric, leather, weave, or knit.
57若仍现在衣服上,或是经上、纬上、皮子做的什么物件上,这就是灾病又发了、必用火焚烧那染灾病的物件。But if it reappears in the fabric, weave, or knit, or on any leather article, it is spreading. You must burn the contaminated article.
58所洗的衣服,或是经,或是纬,或是皮子做的什么物件,若灾病离开了,要再洗,就洁净了。”If the mildew disappears from the fabric, weave, or knit, or any leather article after washing, then it is to be washed again, and it will be clean.
59这就是大麻风灾病的条例,无论是在羊毛衣服上,麻布衣服上,经上、纬上,和皮子做的什么物件上,可以定为洁净或是不洁净。This is the law concerning a mildew contamination in wool or linen fabric, weave, or knit, or any leather article, for pronouncing it clean or unclean.”
摘要
利未记第十三章详细记载了辨别大痲疯(皮肤病)的各种条例。祭司负责察看人身上的疖子、癣、火斑等皮肤症状,根据毛色变化、病灶深浅、是否扩散等迹象,判定当事人为洁净或不洁净。被判定不洁净的人必须撕裂衣服、蓬头散发、独居营外;此外,衣物和皮制品若染上类似灾病,也须经祭司察验,必要时予以焚烧。
反思问题
- 神设立详细的察验程序而非立即定罪,这对你理解神的公义与耐心有什么启发?
- 不洁净的人必须隔离营外——在你的生命中,罪或不健康的习惯是否也造成了与群体的隔离?你如何寻求恢复?
- 祭司在这段经文中扮演中间人与判断者的角色,今天谁在你的属灵生命中担任类似的守望与问责角色?
新约马可福音 1:1–13
书卷介绍:马可福音福音书
耶稣是神的儿子,祂来是要服事人,并舍命作多人的赎价。
马可福音是四福音中最短的一卷,节奏明快,常用“立刻”、“随即”这类字眼。书中记载许多耶稣的行动和神迹,显明祂有权柄胜过疾病、鬼魔、自然和罪。全书大约有三分之一的篇幅记载耶稣在世上最后一周的事。马可特别强调,跟随耶稣就是要舍己、背起十字架。
前情提要
上回说到
昨天读完了马太福音(28 章):妇女们清早来到坟墓,天使说耶稣已经复活了;复活的耶稣向她们显现,又在加利利的山上差遣十一个门徒去使万民作祂的门徒,应许常与他们同在。
今天你会读到
开始读马可福音。一开头就说这是“神的儿子,耶稣基督福音的起头”,接着很快地交代:施洗约翰在旷野预备道路;耶稣受洗时圣灵降下、天上有声音;然后圣灵把祂催到旷野受试探。
阅读小提示
马可福音节奏很快,常用“立刻”、“随即”接到下一件事。 的“催”也很有力:圣灵“把耶稣催到旷野里去”——耶稣受试探,是在圣灵的带领下发生的。
点时代可看说明
传统认为马可福音是彼得的同工马可所写,是四福音中最短的一卷;耶稣受洗、出来传道约在主后 27 年前后(确切年份有不同推算)。
马可福音 第 1 章
福音的起头
1神的儿子,耶稣基督福音的。This is the beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God.
先知预言的使者
2正如先知(有古卷没有以赛亚三个字)书上记着说:看哪,我要差遣我的使者在你前面,预备道路。As it is written in Isaiah the prophet: “Behold, I will send My messenger ahead of You, who will prepare Your way.”
3在旷野有人声喊着说:预备主的道,他的路。“A voice of one calling in the wilderness, ‘Prepare the way for the Lord, make straight paths for Him.’”
约翰在旷野施洗
4照这话,约翰来了,在旷野施洗,传的洗礼,使罪得赦。John the Baptist appeared in the wilderness, preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins.
5犹太全地和耶路撒冷的人都出去到约翰那里,承认他们的罪,在里受他的洗。People went out to him from all of Jerusalem and the countryside of Judea. Confessing their sins, they were baptized by him in the Jordan River.
6约翰穿,腰束皮带,吃的是。John was clothed in camel’s hair, with a leather belt around his waist. His food was locusts and wild honey.
约翰预告那位能力更大的
7他传道说:“有一位在我以后来的,能力比我更大,我就是弯腰给他也是不配的。And he proclaimed: “After me will come One more powerful than I, the straps of whose sandals I am not worthy to stoop down and untie.
8我是用水给你们施洗,他却要用圣灵给你们施洗。”I baptize you with water, but He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit.”
耶稣受洗
9那时,耶稣从加利利的来,在约旦河里受了约翰的洗。In those days Jesus came from Nazareth in Galilee and was baptized by John in the Jordan.
10他从水里一上来,就看见天了,圣灵仿佛鸽子,降在他身上。As soon as Jesus came up out of the water, He saw the heavens breaking open and the Spirit descending on Him like a dove.
11又有声音从天上来,说:“你是我的爱子,我喜悦你。”And a voice came from heaven: “You are My beloved Son; in You I am well pleased.”
在旷野受试探
12圣灵就把耶稣到旷野里去。At once the Spirit drove Jesus into the wilderness,
13他在旷野四十天,受的试探,并与野兽同在一处,且有天使来他。and He was there for forty days, being tempted by Satan. He was with the wild animals, and the angels ministered to Him.
摘要
马可福音以极简洁的方式开启耶稣基督的福音:先引用先知预言,介绍施洗约翰在旷野传悔改的洗礼、为主预备道路。接着记述耶稣受洗时圣灵降临、天父宣告祂是爱子,随后圣灵催祂进入旷野受撒但试探四十天,有野兽同在、天使伺候。
反思问题
- 约翰甘愿做预备道路的角色而非主角,你在服事中是否愿意退居幕后、成全他人被神使用?
- 耶稣受洗后立刻被圣灵催入旷野受试探——属灵的高峰经历之后往往伴随试炼,你如何预备自己面对这样的时刻?
- 天父对耶稣说‘你是我的爱子,我喜悦你’,这句话在耶稣尚未开始公开事工前就说出,这对你理解神的爱与接纳有什么意义?