旧约出埃及记 14:1–15:21
前情提要
上回说到
昨天(11–13 章):最后一灾临到,埃及一切长子都死了,神越过门上有血的以色列人家,并设立逾越节和无酵节。法老终于放人,以色列人带着约瑟的骸骨从兰塞起行,神用云柱、火柱领他们绕道往红海旷野。
今天你会读到
神叫以色列人转回,在海边安营;法老后悔放人,率领战车追来。百姓惧怕埋怨,摩西说“耶和华必为你们争战”。神使海水分开,以色列人在海中走干地,追来的埃及军兵却被回流的海水淹没。第 15 章是摩西和以色列人歌颂神的诗歌,最后米利暗带领妇女击鼓跳舞。
阅读小提示
留意 –15:摩西对百姓说“只管站住”、“只管静默”,神却对摩西说“往前走”。不慌乱、相信神,同时照着神的吩咐踏出下一步。
点时代可看说明
过红海的确切地点已经无法确定,学者提出过几种不同的路线;后来的诗篇和先知书常回想这次拯救。
点经节可选取,长按即复制点经节可选取,按 Ctrl+C⌘C 复制
出埃及记 第 14 章
神叫以色列人转回安营
1耶和华晓谕摩西说:Then the LORD said to Moses,
2“你吩咐以色列人转回,安营在前,密夺和海的中间,对着巴力·洗分,靠近海边安营。“Tell the Israelites to turn back and encamp before Pi-hahiroth, between Migdol and the sea. You are to encamp by the sea, directly opposite Baal-zephon.
3法老必说:‘以色列人在地中,旷野把他们困住了。’For Pharaoh will say of the Israelites, ‘They are wandering the land in confusion; the wilderness has boxed them in.’
4我要使法老的心刚硬,他要追赶他们,我便在法老和他全军身上得荣耀;埃及人就知道我是耶和华。”于是以色列人这样行了。And I will harden Pharaoh’s heart so that he will pursue them. But I will gain honor by means of Pharaoh and all his army, and the Egyptians will know that I am the LORD.” So this is what the Israelites did.
法老追赶以色列人
5有人告诉埃及王说:“百姓逃跑。”法老和他的臣仆就向百姓变心,说:“我们容以色列人去,不再服事我们,这做的是什么事呢?”When the king of Egypt was told that the people had fled, Pharaoh and his officials changed their minds about them and said, “What have we done? We have released Israel from serving us.”
6法老就预备他的车辆,带领军兵同去,So Pharaoh prepared his chariot and took his army with him.
7并带着六百辆特选的车和埃及所有的车,每辆都有。He took 600 of the best chariots, and all the other chariots of Egypt, with officers over all of them.
8耶和华使埃及王法老的心刚硬,他就追赶以色列人,因为以色列人是地出埃及。And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt so that he pursued the Israelites, who were marching out defiantly.
9埃及人追赶他们,法老一切的马匹、车辆、马兵,与军兵就在海边上,靠近比·哈希录,对着巴力·洗分,在他们安营的地方追上了。The Egyptians—all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots, horsemen and troops—pursued the Israelites and overtook them as they camped by the sea near Pi-hahiroth, opposite Baal-zephon.
百姓惧怕埋怨
10法老临近的时候,以色列人举目看见埃及人赶来,就甚惧怕,向耶和华哀求。As Pharaoh approached, the Israelites looked up and saw the Egyptians marching after them, and they were terrified and cried out to the LORD.
11他们对摩西说:“难道在埃及没有坟地,你把我们带来死在旷野吗?你为什么这样待我们,将我们从埃及领出来呢?They said to Moses, “Was it because there were no graves in Egypt that you brought us into the wilderness to die? What have you done to us by bringing us out of Egypt?
12我们在埃及岂没有对你说过,不要搅扰我们,容我们服事埃及人吗?因为服事埃及人比死在旷野还好。”Did we not say to you in Egypt, ‘Leave us alone so that we may serve the Egyptians’? For it would have been better for us to serve the Egyptians than to die in the wilderness.”
耶和华必为你们争战
13摩西对百姓说:“不要惧怕,只管站住!看耶和华今天向你们所要施行的。因为,你们今天所看见的埃及人必永远不再看见了。But Moses told the people, “Do not be afraid. Stand firm and you will see the LORD’s salvation, which He will accomplish for you today; for the Egyptians you see today, you will never see again.
14耶和华必为你们争战;你们只管静默,不要作声。”The LORD will fight for you; you need only to be still.”
吩咐以色列人往前走
15耶和华对摩西说:“你为什么向我哀求呢?你吩咐以色列人往前走。Then the LORD said to Moses, “Why are you crying out to Me? Tell the Israelites to go forward.
16你举手向海伸杖,把水分开。以色列人要下海中走干地。And as for you, lift up your staff and stretch out your hand over the sea and divide it, so that the Israelites can go through the sea on dry ground.
17我要使埃及人的心刚硬,他们就跟着下去。我要在法老和他的全军、车辆、马兵上得荣耀。And I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians so that they will go in after them. Then I will gain honor by means of Pharaoh and all his army and chariots and horsemen.
18我在法老和他的车辆、马兵上得荣耀的时候,埃及人就知道我是耶和华了。”The Egyptians will know that I am the LORD when I am honored through Pharaoh, his chariots, and his horsemen.”
云柱转到后边
19在以色列营前行走 ,转到他们后边去;云柱也从他们前边转到他们后边立住。And the angel of God, who had gone before the camp of Israel, withdrew and went behind them. The pillar of cloud also moved from before them and stood behind them,
20在埃及营和以色列营中间有云柱,一边黑暗,一边发光,终夜两下不得相近。so that it came between the camps of Egypt and Israel. The cloud was there in the darkness, but it lit up the night. So all night long neither camp went near the other.
以色列人在海中走干地
21摩西向海伸杖,耶和华便用大东风,使海水一夜退去,水便分开,海就成了干地。Then Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and all that night the LORD drove back the sea with a strong east wind that turned it into dry land. So the waters were divided,
22以色列人下海中走干地,水在他们的左右作了。and the Israelites went through the sea on dry ground, with walls of water on their right and on their left.
埃及人追下海中
23埃及人追赶他们,法老一切的马匹、车辆,和马兵都跟着下到海中。And the Egyptians chased after them—all Pharaoh’s horses, chariots, and horsemen—and followed them into the sea.
24到了的时候,耶和华从云火柱中向埃及的军兵观看,使埃及的军兵混乱了;At morning watch, however, the LORD looked down on the army of the Egyptians from the pillar of fire and cloud, and He threw their camp into confusion.
25又使他们的车轮脱落,难以行走,以致埃及人说:“我们从以色列人面前逃跑吧!因耶和华为他们攻击我们了。”He caused their chariot wheels to wobble, so that they had difficulty driving. “Let us flee from the Israelites,” said the Egyptians, “for the LORD is fighting for them against Egypt!”
海水复原,淹没埃及军兵
26耶和华对摩西说:“你向海伸杖,叫水仍合在埃及人并他们的车辆、马兵身上。”Then the LORD said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand over the sea, so that the waters may flow back over the Egyptians and their chariots and horsemen.”
27摩西就向海伸杖,到了天一亮,海水仍旧复原。埃及人避水逃跑的时候,耶和华把他们在海中,So Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and at daybreak the sea returned to its normal state. As the Egyptians were retreating, the LORD swept them into the sea.
28水就回流,淹没了车辆和马兵。那些跟着以色列人下海法老的全军,连一个也没有剩下。The waters flowed back and covered the chariots and horsemen—the entire army of Pharaoh that had chased the Israelites into the sea. Not one of them survived.
29以色列人却在海中走干地;水在他们的左右作了墙垣。But the Israelites had walked through the sea on dry ground, with walls of water on their right and on their left.
百姓敬畏耶和华
30当日,耶和华这样拯救以色列人脱离埃及人的手,以色列人看见埃及人的死尸都在海边了。That day the LORD saved Israel from the hand of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the Egyptians dead on the shore.
31以色列人看见耶和华向埃及人所行的大事,就敬畏耶和华,又信服他和他的仆人摩西。When Israel saw the great power that the LORD had exercised over the Egyptians, the people feared the LORD and believed in Him and in His servant Moses.
出埃及记 第 15 章
摩西的歌:耶和华大大战胜
1那时,摩西和以色列人向耶和华唱歌说:我要向耶和华歌唱,因他大大战胜,将马和骑马的投在海中。Then Moses and the Israelites sang this song to the LORD: “I will sing to the LORD, for He is highly exalted. The horse and rider He has thrown into the sea.
2耶和华是我的力量,,也成了我的拯救。这是我的 神,我要赞美他,是我父亲的 神,我要尊崇他。The LORD is my strength and my song, and He has become my salvation. He is my God, and I will praise Him, my father’s God, and I will exalt Him.
3耶和华是战士;他的名是耶和华。The LORD is a warrior, the LORD is His name.
4法老的车辆、军兵,耶和华已抛在海中;他特选的军长都沉于红海。Pharaoh’s chariots and army He has cast into the sea; the finest of his officers are drowned in the Red Sea.
5深水淹没他们;他们如同石头坠到深处。The depths have covered them; they sank there like a stone.
6耶和华啊,你的右手施展能力,显出荣耀;耶和华啊,你的右手摔碎仇敌。Your right hand, O LORD, is majestic in power; Your right hand, O LORD, has shattered the enemy.
7你大发威严,推翻那些起来攻击你的;你发出烈怒如火,烧灭他们像烧碎秸一样。You overthrew Your adversaries by Your great majesty. You unleashed Your burning wrath; it consumed them like stubble.
8你发鼻中的气,水便聚起成堆,大水直立,海中的深水凝结。At the blast of Your nostrils the waters piled up; like a wall the currents stood firm; the depths congealed in the heart of the sea.
9仇敌说:我要追赶,我要追上;我要分掳物,我要在他们身上称我的心愿。我要拔出刀来,亲手杀灭他们。The enemy declared, ‘I will pursue, I will overtake. I will divide the spoils; I will gorge myself on them. I will draw my sword; my hand will destroy them.’
10你叫风一吹,海就把他们淹没;他们如铅沉在大水之中。But You blew with Your breath, and the sea covered them. They sank like lead in the mighty waters.
众神之中,谁能像你
11耶和华啊,众神之中,谁能像你?谁能像你—至圣至荣,可颂可畏,施行奇事?Who among the gods is like You, O LORD? Who is like You—majestic in holiness, revered with praises, performing wonders?
12你伸出右手,地便吞灭他们。You stretched out Your right hand, and the earth swallowed them up.
领百姓到你的圣所
13你凭领了你所赎的百姓;你凭能力引他们到了你的圣所。With loving devotion You will lead the people You have redeemed; with Your strength You will guide them to Your holy dwelling.
14外邦人听见就发颤;疼痛抓住的居民。The nations will hear and tremble; anguish will grip the dwellers of Philistia.
15那时,以东的族长惊惶,摩押的英雄被战兢抓住,迦南的居民心都了。Then the chiefs of Edom will be dismayed; trembling will seize the leaders of Moab; those who dwell in Canaan will melt away,
16惊骇恐惧临到他们。耶和华啊,因你膀臂的大能,他们如石头寂然不动,等候你的百姓过去,等候你所赎的百姓过去。and terror and dread will fall on them. By the power of Your arm they will be as still as a stone until Your people pass by, O LORD, until the people You have bought pass by.
17你要将他们领进去,栽于你上—耶和华啊,就是你为自己所造的住处;主啊,就是你手所建立的圣所。You will bring them in and plant them on the mountain of Your inheritance—the place, O LORD, You have prepared for Your dwelling, the sanctuary, O Lord, Your hands have established.
18耶和华必作王,直到永永远远!The LORD will reign forever and ever!”
米利暗的歌
19法老的马匹、车辆,和马兵下到海中,耶和华使海水回流,淹没他们;惟有以色列人在海中走干地。For when Pharaoh’s horses, chariots, and horsemen went into the sea, the LORD brought the waters of the sea back over them. But the Israelites walked through the sea on dry ground.
20亚伦的姊姊,女先知,手里拿着鼓;众妇女也跟她出去拿鼓跳舞。Then Miriam the prophetess, Aaron’s sister, took a tambourine in her hand, and all the women followed her with tambourines and dancing.
21米利暗应声说:你们要歌颂耶和华,因他大大战胜,将马和骑马的投在海中。And Miriam sang back to them: “Sing to the LORD, for He is highly exalted; the horse and rider He has thrown into the sea.”
摘要
耶和华引导以色列人面对红海与法老追兵的绝境,藉摩西伸杖分开红海,使百姓走干地过去,却让海水回流淹没埃及全军,彰显祂大能的拯救。摩西与百姓随后以颂歌赞美耶和华的荣耀与得胜,宣告祂在万神之上、作王直到永远。此后百姓在旷野遇苦水,耶和华指示摩西用树使水变甜,并应许只要百姓遵行祂的诫命,祂就作医治他们的神。
反思问题
- 当你面临前有困境、后有压力的‘红海时刻’时,你是否能像摩西所说的‘只管站住,看耶和华的救恩’,还是倾向埋怨与退缩?
- 以色列人经历大神迹后不久就因苦水而发怨言;你是否也容易在新的困难中遗忘神过去的信实?如何帮助自己记住神的作为?
- 耶和华说‘我是医治你的’,这个应许如何影响你面对身体、心灵或关系中的破碎时的态度与信心?
新约马太福音 20:17–21:11
前情提要
上回说到
昨天():富有的少年人舍不得产业,忧忧愁愁地走了;耶稣说财主进天国是难的,并应许撇下一切跟从祂的人。接着讲葡萄园工人的比喻:先来后来的都得一钱银子,“在后的,将要在前”。
今天你会读到
耶稣第三次预言自己要受难、复活。西庇太儿子的母亲为两个儿子求高位,耶稣教导“谁愿为大,就必作你们的用人”,因为人子来是要服事人、舍命作多人的赎价。出耶利哥时,耶稣医好两个瞎子。第 21 章耶稣骑驴进耶路撒冷,众人铺衣服、树枝,喊“和散那”。
阅读小提示
留意 “人子来,不是要受人的服事,乃是要服事人”。门徒在争谁坐左右(),耶稣却要去喝受苦的杯;进城时祂骑的是驴,不是战马:“是温柔的,又骑着驴”()。
点时代可看说明
耶稣骑驴进耶路撒冷,是祂受难前最后一周的开始;约翰福音记载这是逾越节前几天的事(、)。
马太福音 第 20 章
第三次预言受死和复活
17耶稣上耶路撒冷去的时候,在路上把十二个门徒带到一边,对他们说:As Jesus was going up to Jerusalem, He took the twelve disciples aside and said,
18“看哪,我们上耶路撒冷去,人子要被交给和文士。他们要定他死罪,“Look, we are going up to Jerusalem, and the Son of Man will be delivered over to the chief priests and scribes. They will condemn Him to death
19又交给,将他戏弄,鞭打,钉在十字架上;第三日他要复活。”and will deliver Him over to the Gentiles to be mocked and flogged and crucified. And on the third day He will be raised to life.”
西庇太儿子的母亲求高位
20那时,儿子的母亲同她两个儿子上前来拜耶稣,求他一件事。Then the mother of Zebedee’s sons came to Jesus with her sons and knelt down to make a request of Him.
21耶稣说:“你要什么呢?”她说:“愿你叫我这两个儿子在你国里,一个,一个坐在你左边。”“What do you want?” He inquired. She answered, “Declare that in Your kingdom one of these two sons of mine may sit at Your right hand, and the other at Your left.”
你们能喝我的杯吗
22耶稣回答说:“你们不知道所求的是什么;我将要喝的,你们能喝吗?”他们说:“我们能。”“You do not know what you are asking,” Jesus replied. “Can you drink the cup I am going to drink?” “We can,” the brothers answered.
23耶稣说:“我所喝的杯,你们必要喝;只是坐在我的左右,不是我可以赐的,乃是我父为谁预备的,就赐给谁。”“You will indeed drink My cup,” Jesus said. “But to sit at My right or left is not Mine to grant. These seats belong to those for whom My Father has prepared them.”
十个门徒恼怒
24那十个门徒听见,就他们弟兄二人。When the ten heard about this, they were indignant with the two brothers.
谁愿为大,就作用人
25耶稣叫了他们来,说:“你们知道外邦人有君王为主治理他们,有大臣他们。But Jesus called them aside and said, “You know that the rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, and their superiors exercise authority over them.
26只是在你们中间,不可这样;你们中间谁愿为大,就必作你们的;It shall not be this way among you. Instead, whoever wants to become great among you must be your servant,
27谁愿为首,就必作你们的仆人。and whoever wants to be first among you must be your slave—
28正如人子来,不是要受人的服事,乃是要服事人,并且要舍命,作多人的。”just as the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life as a ransom for many.”
医好耶利哥的两个瞎子
29他们出的时候,有极多的人跟随他。As they were leaving Jericho, a large crowd followed Him.
30有两个瞎子坐在路旁,听说是耶稣经过,就喊着说:“主啊,大卫的子孙,可怜我们吧!”And there were two blind men sitting beside the road. When they heard that Jesus was passing by, they cried out, “Lord, Son of David, have mercy on us!”
31众人责备他们,不许他们作声;他们却越发喊着说:“主啊,大卫的子孙,可怜我们吧!”The crowd admonished them to be silent, but they cried out all the louder, “Lord, Son of David, have mercy on us!”
32耶稣就站住,叫他们来,说:“要我为你们做什么?”Jesus stopped and called them. “What do you want Me to do for you?” He asked.
33他们说:“主啊,要我们的眼睛能看见!”“Lord,” they answered, “let our eyes be opened.”
34耶稣就动了慈心,把他们的眼睛一摸,他们立刻看见,就跟从了耶稣。Moved with compassion, Jesus touched their eyes, and at once they received their sight and followed Him.
马太福音 第 21 章
打发门徒牵驴驹
1耶稣和门徒将近耶路撒冷,到了伯法其,在那里。As they approached Jerusalem and came to Bethphage on the Mount of Olives, Jesus sent out two disciples,
2耶稣就打发两个门徒,对他们说:“你们往对面村子里去,必看见一匹驴拴在那里,还有同在一处;你们解开,牵到我这里来。saying to them, “Go into the village ahead of you, and at once you will find a donkey tied there, with her colt beside her. Untie them and bring them to Me.
3若有人对你们说什么,你们就说:‘主要用它。’那人必立时让你们牵来。If anyone questions you, tell him that the Lord needs them, and he will send them right away.”
应验先知的话
4这事成就是要应验先知的话,说:This took place to fulfill what was spoken through the prophet:
5要对的居民(原文是女子)说:看哪,你的王来到你这里,是的,又骑着驴,就是骑着驴驹子。”“Say to the Daughter of Zion, ‘See, your King comes to you, gentle and riding on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey.’”
众人铺衣服、树枝
6门徒就照耶稣所吩咐的去行,So the disciples went and did as Jesus had directed them.
7牵了驴和驴驹来,把自己的衣服搭在上面,耶稣就骑上。They brought the donkey and the colt and laid their cloaks on them, and Jesus sat on them.
8众人多半把衣服;还有人砍下树枝来铺在路上。A massive crowd spread their cloaks on the road, while others cut branches from the trees and spread them on the road.
和散那归于大卫的子孙
9前行后随的众人喊着说:(原有求救的意思,在此是称颂的话)归于大卫的子孙!奉主名来的是应当称颂的!高高在上和散那!The crowds that went ahead of Him and those that followed were shouting: “Hosanna to the Son of David!” “Blessed is He who comes in the name of the Lord!” “Hosanna in the highest!”
合城都惊动
10耶稣既进了耶路撒冷,合城都了,说:“这是谁?”When Jesus had entered Jerusalem, the whole city was stirred and asked, “Who is this?”
11众人说:“这是加利利拿撒勒的先知耶稣。”The crowds replied, “This is Jesus, the prophet from Nazareth in Galilee.”
摘要
耶稣以葡萄园工人的比喻揭示天国的恩典超越人的功绩计算,又预言自己将在耶路撒冷受难并复活。祂教导门徒真正的伟大在于服事人、作众人的仆人,并以医治瞎子彰显祂的慈心与权能。耶稣骑驴驹荣进耶路撒冷、洁净圣殿、咒诅无花果树,又藉两个儿子和凶恶园户的比喻,警告宗教领袖徒有敬虔外表却不结果子,神的国将赐给真正顺服并结果子的人。
反思问题
- 耶稣说‘谁愿为首,就必作仆人’,这与你在职场、家庭或教会中追求影响力的方式有何不同?你愿意在哪个具体场景中实践仆人式领导?
- 葡萄园工人的比喻中,先来的工人因比较而不满;你是否曾因看见别人‘少付出却同样蒙恩’而心生不平?神的慷慨恩典如何挑战你对公平的定义?
- 无花果树有叶无果被咒诅,两个儿子的比喻中口头答应却不行动的被责备;省察你的信仰生活,是否有哪些领域是‘有敬虔的外貌却缺乏实质的果子’?你打算如何改变?