舊約耶利米書 49:7–39
前情提要
上回說到
昨天():耶利米為驕傲自大、倚靠基抹的摩押唱了一首長哀歌,又宣告亞捫人要被擄;兩段結尾都應許神要使被擄的人歸回。
今天你會讀到
論以東:以東自以為住在山穴高處很安全,神卻要「從那裡拉下你來」,使他像所多瑪一樣荒涼。接著論大馬士革(亞蘭)、論沙漠中的基達和夏瑣,最後論遠在東方的以攔,結尾又應許以攔將來要歸回。
閱讀小提示
對照 和俄巴底亞書:兩處都說以東像大鷹在高處搭窩,神卻要把他拉下來()。兩位先知用了非常相近的話。
■ 當時 □ 預言所指
點時代可看說明
論以攔的話是在西底家登基時(約主前 597 年)得的()。以攔在巴比倫以東(今天伊朗西南部),後來成為波斯帝國的一部分。
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耶利米書 第 49 章
論以東
7論。萬軍之耶和華如此說:中再沒有智慧嗎?明哲人不再有謀略嗎?他們的智慧盡歸無有嗎?Concerning Edom, this is what the LORD of Hosts says: “Is there no longer wisdom in Teman? Has counsel perished from the prudent? Has their wisdom decayed?
8的居民哪,要轉身逃跑,住在;因為我向以掃追討的時候,必使災殃臨到他。Turn and run! Lie low, O dwellers of Dedan, for I will bring disaster on Esau at the time I punish him.
9摘葡萄的若來到他那裡,豈不剩下些葡萄呢?盜賊若夜間而來,豈不毀壞直到夠了呢?If grape gatherers came to you, would they not leave some gleanings? Were thieves to come in the night, would they not steal only what they wanted?
10我卻使以掃,顯出他的隱密處;他不能自藏。他的後裔、弟兄、鄰舍盡都滅絕;他也歸於無有。But I will strip Esau bare; I will uncover his hiding places, and he will be unable to conceal himself. His descendants will be destroyed along with his relatives and neighbors, and he will be no more.
11你撇下孤兒,我必保全他們的命;你的寡婦可以倚靠我。Abandon your orphans; I will preserve their lives. Let your widows trust in Me.”
以東一定要喝那杯
12耶和華如此說:「原不該的一定要喝。你能盡免刑罰嗎?你必不能免,一定要喝!」For this is what the LORD says: “If those who do not deserve to drink the cup must drink it, can you possibly remain unpunished? You will not go unpunished, for you must drink it too.
13耶和華說:「我指著自己起誓,必令人驚駭、羞辱、咒詛,並且荒涼。她的一切城邑必變為永遠的荒場。」For by Myself I have sworn, declares the LORD, that Bozrah will become a desolation, a disgrace, a ruin, and a curse, and all her cities will be in ruins forever.”
從高處被拉下來
14我從耶和華那裡聽見信息,並有使者被差往列國去,說:你們聚集來攻擊以東,要起來爭戰。I have heard a message from the LORD; an envoy has been sent to the nations: “Assemble yourselves to march against her! Rise up for battle!”
15我使你在列國中為最小,在世人中被藐視。“For behold, I will make you small among nations, despised among men.
16住在中據守山頂的啊,論到你的,你因心中的狂傲自欺;你雖如大鷹高高搭窩,我卻從那裡拉下你來。這是耶和華說的。The terror you cause and the pride of your heart have deceived you, O dwellers in the clefts of the rocks, O occupiers of the mountain summit. Though you elevate your nest like the eagle, even from there I will bring you down,” declares the LORD.
像所多瑪一樣荒涼
17以東必令人驚駭;凡經過的人就受驚駭,又因她一切的災禍嗤笑。“Edom will become an object of horror. All who pass by will be appalled and will scoff at all her wounds.
18耶和華說:必無人住在那裡,也無人在其中寄居,要像所多瑪、蛾摩拉,和鄰近的城邑傾覆的時候一樣。As Sodom and Gomorrah were overthrown along with their neighbors,” says the LORD, “no one will dwell there; no man will abide there.
仇敵像獅子上來
19仇敵必像獅子從約旦河邊的上來,攻擊堅固的居所。轉眼之間,我要使以東人逃跑,離開這地。誰蒙揀選,我就派誰治理這地。誰能比我呢?誰能給我定規日期呢?有何牧人能在我面前站立得住呢?Behold, one will come up like a lion from the thickets of the Jordan to the watered pasture. For in an instant I will chase Edom from her land. Who is the chosen one I will appoint for this? For who is like Me, and who can challenge Me? What shepherd can stand against Me?”
20你們要聽耶和華攻擊以東所說的謀略和他攻擊提幔居民所定的旨意。仇敵定要將他們群眾微弱的拉去,定要使他們的居所荒涼。Therefore hear the plans that the LORD has drawn up against Edom and the strategies He has devised against the people of Teman: Surely the little ones of the flock will be dragged away; certainly their pasture will be made desolate because of them.
21因他們仆倒的聲音,地就震動。人在紅海那裡必聽見呼喊的聲音。At the sound of their fall the earth will quake; their cry will resound to the Red Sea.
22仇敵必如大鷹飛起,展開翅膀攻擊波斯拉。到那日,以東的勇士心中疼痛如臨產的婦人。Look! An eagle will soar and swoop down, spreading its wings over Bozrah. In that day the hearts of Edom’s mighty men will be like the heart of a woman in labor.
論大馬士革
23論大馬士革。哈馬和亞珥拔蒙羞,因他們聽見凶惡的信息就了。海上有憂愁,不得平靜。Concerning Damascus: “Hamath and Arpad are put to shame, for they have heard a bad report; they are agitated like the sea; their anxiety cannot be calmed.
24大馬士革發軟,轉身逃跑。戰兢將她捉住;痛苦憂愁將她抓住,如產難的婦人一樣。Damascus has become feeble; she has turned to flee. Panic has gripped her; anguish and pain have seized her like a woman in labor.
25我所喜樂可稱讚的城,為何被撇棄了呢?How is the city of praise not forsaken, the town that brings Me joy?
26她的少年人必仆倒在街上;當那日,一切兵丁必默默無聲。這是萬軍之耶和華說的。For her young men will fall in the streets, and all her warriors will be silenced in that day,” declares the LORD of Hosts.
27我必在大馬士革城中使火著起,燒滅的宮殿。“I will set fire to the walls of Damascus; it will consume the fortresses of Ben-hadad.”
論基達和夏瑣
28論巴比倫王尼布甲尼撒所攻打的和夏瑣的諸國。耶和華如此說:迦勒底人哪,起來上基達去,毀滅東方人。Concerning Kedar and the kingdoms of Hazor, which Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon defeated, this is what the LORD says: “Rise up, advance against Kedar, and destroy the people of the east!
29他們的帳棚和羊群都要奪去,將幔子和一切器皿,並駱駝為自己掠去。人向他們喊著說:四圍都有驚嚇。They will take their tents and flocks, their tent curtains and all their goods. They will take their camels for themselves. They will shout to them: ‘Terror is on every side!’
30耶和華說:夏瑣的居民哪,要逃奔遠方,住在深密處;因為巴比倫王尼布甲尼撒設計謀害你們,起意攻擊你們。Run! Escape quickly! Lie low, O residents of Hazor,” declares the LORD, “for Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon has drawn up a plan against you; he has devised a strategy against you.
31耶和華說:迦勒底人哪,起來!上安逸無慮的居民那裡去;他們是、獨自居住的。Rise up, advance against a nation at ease, one that dwells securely,” declares the LORD. “They have no gates or bars; they live alone.
32他們的駱駝必成為掠物;他們眾多的牲畜必成為擄物。我必將分散四方(原文是風),使災殃從四圍臨到他們。這是耶和華說的。Their camels will become plunder, and their large herds will be spoil. I will scatter to the wind in every direction those who shave their temples; I will bring calamity on them from all sides,” declares the LORD.
33夏瑣必成為野狗的住處,永遠淒涼;必無人住在那裡,也無人在其中寄居。“Hazor will become a haunt for jackals, a desolation forever. No one will dwell there; no man will abide there.”
論以攔
34猶大王西底家登基的時候,耶和華論的話臨到先知耶利米說:This is the word of the LORD that came to Jeremiah the prophet concerning Elam at the beginning of the reign of Zedekiah king of Judah.
35「萬軍之耶和華如此說:我必折斷以攔人的弓,就是他們為首的權力。This is what the LORD of Hosts says: “Behold, I will shatter Elam’s bow, the mainstay of their might.
36我要使四風從天的四方颳來,臨到以攔人,將他們分散四方(原文是風)。這被趕散的人沒有一國不到的。」I will bring the four winds against Elam from the four corners of the heavens, and I will scatter them to all these winds. There will not be a nation to which Elam’s exiles will not go.
37耶和華說:「我必使以攔人在仇敵和尋索其命的人面前驚惶;我也必使災禍,就是我的烈怒臨到他們,又必使刀劍追殺他們,直到將他們滅盡。So I will shatter Elam before their foes, before those who seek their lives. I will bring disaster upon them, even My fierce anger,” declares the LORD. “I will send out the sword after them until I finish them off.
38我要在以攔設立我的寶座,從那裡除滅君王和首領。」這是耶和華說的。I will set My throne in Elam, and destroy its king and officials,” declares the LORD.
以攔必歸回
39「到末後,我還要使被擄的以攔人歸回。這是耶和華說的。」“Yet in the last days, I will restore Elam from captivity,” declares the LORD.
摘要
耶利米書第四十九章記載耶和華對列國的審判預言:以東因狂傲自恃將被徹底傾覆,大馬色因聽見凶訊而發軟逃跑,基達與夏瑣將被巴比倫所毀滅,以攔的權力與弓箭將被折斷、人民分散四方。然而神的審判並非毫無盼望——祂應許末後要使亞捫人與以攔人歸回,顯明祂既是公義的審判者,也是施恩復興的神。
反思問題
- 這些國家因狂傲、倚靠財寶與自以為安全而遭審判,你生活中是否有類似的虛假安全感需要省察?
- 神在審判中仍留下歸回的應許(、),這對你理解神的管教與恩典有什麼啟發?
- 經文提到神必保全孤兒、寡婦可以倚靠祂(),在你周圍有哪些弱勢者是你可以代表神去關懷的?
新約希伯來書 7:1–28
前情提要
上回說到
昨天():作者責備讀者像只能吃奶的嬰孩,警告離棄道理的危險,又勉勵他們效法亞伯拉罕;神的應許和起誓是「靈魂的錨」,耶穌已經作先鋒進入幔內。
今天你會讀到
作者終於講解麥基洗德:亞伯拉罕把十分之一給他、接受他的祝福,可見他比利未的祭司更大。耶穌照麥基洗德的等次為祭司,不是憑家譜,而是憑「無窮之生命的大能」,又有神起誓確立;祂長遠活著替我們祈求,只一次獻上自己,就成全了一切。
閱讀小提示
很值得記下來:耶穌「能拯救到底;因為他是長遠活著,替他們祈求」。祂的工作不只在十字架上完成,今天仍在為我們代求。
■ 當時 □ 預言所指
點時代可看說明
麥基洗德的事發生在亞伯拉罕的時代();作者把它和 連起來,說明耶穌的祭司職分。
希伯來書 第 7 章
麥基洗德是誰
1這麥基洗德就是王,又是至高 神的祭司,本是長遠為祭司的。他當亞伯拉罕殺敗諸王回來的時候,就迎接他,給他祝福。This Melchizedek was king of Salem and priest of God Most High. He met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings and blessed him,
2亞伯拉罕也將自己所得來的,取給他。他頭一個名就是仁義王,他又名撒冷王,就是平安王的意思。and Abraham apportioned to him a tenth of everything. First, his name means “king of righteousness.” Then also, “king of Salem” means “king of peace.”
3他,無生之始,無命之終,乃是與 神的兒子相似。Without father or mother or genealogy, without beginning of days or end of life, like the Son of God, he remains a priest for all time.
比利未的祭司更大
4你們想一想,先祖亞伯拉罕將自己所擄來取十分之一給他,這人是何等尊貴呢!Consider how great Melchizedek was: Even the patriarch Abraham gave him a tenth of the plunder.
5那得祭司職任的,領命照例向百姓取十分之一,這百姓是自己的弟兄,雖是從亞伯拉罕身(原文是腰)中生的,還是照例取十分之一。Now the law commands the sons of Levi who become priests to collect a tenth from the people—that is, from their brothers—though they too are descended from Abraham.
6獨有麥基洗德,不與他們同譜,倒收納亞伯拉罕的十分之一,為那蒙應許的亞伯拉罕祝福。But Melchizedek, who did not trace his descent from Levi, collected a tenth from Abraham and blessed him who had the promises.
7從來位分大的給位分小的祝福,這是。And indisputably, the lesser is blessed by the greater.
8在這裡收十分之一的都是必死的人;但在那裡收十分之一的,有為他作見證的說,他是活的;In the case of the Levites, mortal men collect the tenth; but in the case of Melchizedek, it is affirmed that he lives on.
9並且可說那受十分之一的利未,也是藉著亞伯拉罕納了十分之一。And so to speak, Levi, who collects the tenth, paid the tenth through Abraham.
10因為麥基洗德迎接亞伯拉罕的時候,利未已經在他先祖的身(原文是腰)中。For when Melchizedek met Abraham, Levi was still in the loin of his ancestor.
另外興起一位祭司
11從前百姓在利未人祭司職任以下受律法,倘若藉這職任能得完全,又何用另外興起一位祭司,照麥基洗德的等次,不照亞倫的等次呢?Now if perfection could have been attained through the Levitical priesthood (for on this basis the people received the law), why was there still need for another priest to appear—one in the order of Melchizedek and not in the order of Aaron?
12祭司的職任既已更改,律法也必須更改。For when the priesthood is changed, the law must be changed as well.
13因為這話所指的人本屬別的支派,那支派裡從來沒有一人。He of whom these things are said belonged to a different tribe, from which no one has ever served at the altar.
14我們的主分明是從出來的;但這支派,摩西並沒有提到祭司。For it is clear that our Lord descended from Judah, a tribe as to which Moses said nothing about priests.
15倘若照麥基洗德的樣式,另外興起一位祭司來,我的話更是顯而易見的了。And this point is even more clear if another priest like Melchizedek appears,
16他成為祭司,並不是照屬肉體的條例,乃是照(原文是不能毀壞)之生命的大能。one who has become a priest not by a law of succession, but by the power of an indestructible life.
17因為有給他作見證的說:「你是照著麥基洗德的等次永遠為祭司。」For it is testified: “You are a priest forever in the order of Melchizedek.”
引進更美的指望
18先前的條例,因軟弱無益,所以了,So the former commandment is set aside because it was weak and useless
19(律法原來一無所成)就引進了更美的指望;靠這指望,我們便可以進到 神面前。(for the law made nothing perfect), and a better hope is introduced, by which we draw near to God.
起誓立的祭司
20再者,耶穌為祭司,並不是不起誓立的。And none of this happened without an oath. For others became priests without an oath,
21至於那些祭司,原不是起誓立的,只有耶穌是起誓立的;因為那立他的對他說:「主起了誓,,你是永遠為祭司。」but Jesus became a priest with an oath by the One who said to Him: “The Lord has sworn and will not change His mind: ‘You are a priest forever.’”
22既是起誓立的,耶穌就作了更美之約的。Because of this oath, Jesus has become the guarantee of a better covenant.
長遠活著替我們祈求
23那些成為祭司的,數目本來多,是因為有死阻隔,不能長久。Now there have been many other priests, since death prevented them from continuing in office.
24這位既是永遠常存的,他祭司的職任就長久不更換。But because Jesus lives forever, He has a permanent priesthood.
25凡靠著他進到 神面前的人,他都能;因為他是長遠活著,替他們祈求。Therefore He is able to save completely those who draw near to God through Him, since He always lives to intercede for them.
只一次將自己獻上
26像這樣聖潔、無邪惡、、遠離罪人、高過諸天的大祭司,原是與我們合宜的。Such a high priest truly befits us—One who is holy, innocent, undefiled, set apart from sinners, and exalted above the heavens.
27他不像那些大祭司,每日必須先為自己的罪,後為百姓的罪獻祭;因為他只一次將自己獻上,就把這事成全了。Unlike the other high priests, He does not need to offer daily sacrifices, first for His own sins and then for the sins of the people; He sacrificed for sin once for all when He offered up Himself.
28律法本是立軟弱的人為大祭司;但在律法以後起誓的話,是立兒子為大祭司,乃是成全到永遠的。For the law appoints as high priests men who are weak; but the oath, which came after the law, appointed the Son, who has been made perfect forever.
摘要
希伯來書第七章論證耶穌基督照麥基洗德的等次作永遠的大祭司,超越亞倫和利未祭司體系。麥基洗德既無族譜記載、又曾為亞伯拉罕祝福並收取十分之一,顯明其職分高於利未祭司;而耶穌不是按肉體條例、乃是按無窮生命的大能被立,且神以起誓確立,使祂成為更美之約的中保。祂聖潔無瑕、永遠常存,只一次獻上自己就成全了救贖,凡靠祂進到神面前的人,祂都能拯救到底。
反思問題
- 耶穌作為永遠的大祭司長遠活著為我們祈求(),這個真理如何影響你在軟弱或失敗時向神禱告的信心?
- 舊約祭司制度因軟弱無益而被廢掉,引進了更美的指望(),你是否仍靠自己的行為努力來親近神,而非信靠基督已成就的工作?
- 基督一次獻上自己就成全了救贖(),這份完全的恩典如何幫助你放下罪疚感,活出自由的信仰生活?