舊約以斯拉記 1:1–2:70
書卷介紹:以斯拉記歷史書
神信守應許,帶領百姓歸回、重建聖殿,並回到神的話語。
波斯王古列下詔,准許被擄的猶太人回耶路撒冷重建聖殿。第一批百姓在所羅巴伯帶領下歸回,雖然遭到敵人阻撓,最後仍在先知哈該和撒迦利亞的鼓勵下完成聖殿。數十年後,精通律法的祭司以斯拉帶領另一批人歸回。他教導百姓神的律法,並帶領他們為與外邦人通婚的罪悔改。
前情提要
上回說到
歷代志下的最後一章:猶大最後幾個王不聽先知的警告,耶路撒冷被巴比倫攻破,聖殿被焚,百姓被擄;歷代志就結束在波斯王塞魯士的詔書:「可以上去」()。
今天你會讀到
以斯拉記從塞魯士的詔書接下去:神激動塞魯士,也激動百姓的心,被擄的人帶著當年被掠去的聖殿器皿,在所羅巴伯等人帶領下回到耶路撒冷;第 2 章是第一批歸回者的名冊,最後記下族長們為重建聖殿甘心捐獻。
閱讀小提示
留意「激動」出現兩次:神激動外邦王塞魯士的心(),也激動百姓的心()。第 2 章的名冊不必逐一細讀,但可以留意那些查不出家譜的人()。
點時代可看說明
塞魯士的詔書約在主前 538 年。以斯拉記 1–6 章記第一批歸回和重建聖殿(主前 538–516 年),7–10 章跳到約六十年後以斯拉回來的事。傳統認為作者是以斯拉。
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以斯拉記 第 1 章
塞魯士下詔重建聖殿
1波斯王塞魯士元年,耶和華為要應驗藉口所說的話,就激動波斯王塞魯士的心,使他下詔通告全國說:In the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, to fulfill the word of the LORD spoken through Jeremiah, the LORD stirred the spirit of Cyrus king of Persia to send a proclamation throughout his kingdom and to put it in writing as follows:
2「波斯王塞魯士如此說:『耶和華天上的 神已將天下萬國賜給我,又囑咐我在猶大的耶路撒冷為他建造殿宇。“This is what Cyrus king of Persia says: ‘The LORD, the God of heaven, who has given me all the kingdoms of the earth, has appointed me to build a house for Him at Jerusalem in Judah.
3在你們中間凡作他子民的,可以上猶大的耶路撒冷,在耶路撒冷重建耶和華─以色列 神的殿(只有他是 神)。願 神與這人同在。Whoever among you belongs to His people, may his God be with him, and may he go to Jerusalem in Judah and build the house of the LORD, the God of Israel; He is the God who is in Jerusalem.
4凡,無論寄居何處,那地的人要用金銀、財物、牲畜幫助他,另外也要為耶路撒冷 神的殿甘心獻上禮物。』」And let every survivor, wherever he lives, be assisted by the men of that region with silver, gold, goods, and livestock, along with a freewill offering for the house of God in Jerusalem.’”
神激動百姓的心
5於是,猶大和便雅憫的族長、祭司、利未人,就是一切被 神激動他心的人,都起來要上耶路撒冷去建造耶和華的殿。So the family heads of Judah and Benjamin, along with the priests and Levites—everyone whose spirit God had stirred—prepared to go up and rebuild the house of the LORD in Jerusalem.
6他們四圍的人就拿銀器、金子、財物、牲畜、幫助他們(原文是堅固他們的手),另外還有甘心獻的禮物。And all their neighbors supported them with articles of silver and gold, with goods and livestock, and with valuables, in addition to all their freewill offerings.
歸還聖殿的器皿
7塞魯士王也將耶和華殿的器皿拿出來,這器皿是尼布甲尼撒從耶路撒冷掠來、放在自己神之廟中的。King Cyrus also brought out the articles belonging to the house of the LORD that Nebuchadnezzar had carried away from Jerusalem and placed in the temple of his gods.
8波斯王塞魯士派庫官米提利達將這器皿拿出來,按數交給猶大的首領。Cyrus king of Persia had them brought out by the hand of Mithredath the treasurer, who counted them out to Sheshbazzar the prince of Judah.
9器皿的數目記在下面:三十個,銀盤一千個,刀二十九把,This was the inventory: 30 gold dishes, 1,000 silver dishes, 29 silver utensils,
10金碗三十個,銀碗四百一十個,別樣的器皿一千件。30 gold bowls, 410 matching silver bowls, and 1,000 other articles.
11金銀器皿共有五千四百件。被擄的人從巴比倫上耶路撒冷的時候,設巴薩將這一切都帶上來。In all, there were 5,400 gold and silver articles. Sheshbazzar brought all these along when the exiles went up from Babylon to Jerusalem.
以斯拉記 第 2 章
第一批歸回者的名冊
1巴比倫王尼布甲尼撒從前擄到巴比倫之猶大省的人,現在他們的子孫從被擄到之地回耶路撒冷和猶大,各歸本城。Now these are the people of the province who came up from the captivity of the exiles carried away to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar its king. They returned to Jerusalem and Judah, each to his own town,
2他們是同著、、尼希米、西萊雅、利來雅、末底改、必珊、米斯拔、比革瓦伊、利宏、巴拿回來的。accompanied by Zerubbabel, Jeshua, Nehemiah, Seraiah, Reelaiah, Mordecai, Bilshan, Mispar, Bigvai, Rehum, and Baanah. This is the count of the men of Israel:
3以色列人民的數目記在下面:巴錄的子孫二千一百七十二名;the descendants of Parosh, 2,172;
4示法提雅的子孫三百七十二名;the descendants of Shephatiah, 372;
5亞拉的子孫七百七十五名;the descendants of Arah, 775;
6巴哈‧摩押的後裔,就是耶書亞和約押的子孫二千八百一十二名;the descendants of Pahath-moab (through the line of Jeshua and Joab), 2,812;
7以攔的子孫一千二百五十四名;the descendants of Elam, 1,254;
8薩土的子孫九百四十五名;the descendants of Zattu, 945;
9薩改的子孫七百六十名;the descendants of Zaccai, 760;
10巴尼的子孫六百四十二名;the descendants of Bani, 642;
11比拜的子孫六百二十三名;the descendants of Bebai, 623;
12押甲的子孫一千二百二十二名;the descendants of Azgad, 1,222;
13亞多尼干的子孫六百六十六名;the descendants of Adonikam, 666;
14比革瓦伊的子孫二千零五十六名;the descendants of Bigvai, 2,056;
15亞丁的子孫四百五十四名;the descendants of Adin, 454;
16亞特的後裔,就是希西家的子孫九十八名;the descendants of Ater (through Hezekiah), 98;
17比賽的子孫三百二十三名;the descendants of Bezai, 323;
18約拉的子孫一百一十二名;the descendants of Jorah, 112;
19哈順的子孫二百二十三名;the descendants of Hashum, 223;
20吉罷珥人九十五名;the descendants of Gibbar, 95;
21伯利恆人一百二十三名;the men of Bethlehem, 123;
22尼陀法人五十六名;the men of Netophah, 56;
23亞拿突人一百二十八名;the men of Anathoth, 128;
24亞斯瑪弗人四十二名;the descendants of Azmaveth, 42;
25基列‧耶琳人、基非拉人、比錄人共七百四十三名;the men of Kiriath-jearim, Chephirah, and Beeroth, 743;
26拉瑪人、迦巴人共六百二十一名;the men of Ramah and Geba, 621;
27默瑪人一百二十二名;the men of Michmash, 122;
28伯特利人、艾人共二百二十三名;the men of Bethel and Ai, 223;
29尼波人五十二名;the descendants of Nebo, 52;
30末必人一百五十六名;the descendants of Magbish, 156;
31別的以攔子孫一千二百五十四名;the descendants of the other Elam, 1,254;
32哈琳的子孫三百二十名;the descendants of Harim, 320;
33羅德人、哈第人、阿挪人共七百二十五名;the men of Lod, Hadid, and Ono, 725;
34耶利哥人三百四十五名;the men of Jericho, 345;
35西拿人三千六百三十名。and the descendants of Senaah, 3,630.
祭司、利未人與殿役
36祭司:耶書亞家耶大雅的子孫九百七十三名;The priests: The descendants of Jedaiah (through the house of Jeshua), 973;
37音麥的子孫一千零五十二名;the descendants of Immer, 1,052;
38巴施戶珥的子孫一千二百四十七名;the descendants of Pashhur, 1,247;
39哈琳的子孫一千零一十七名。and the descendants of Harim, 1,017.
40利未人:何達威雅的後裔,就是耶書亞和甲篾的子孫七十四名。The Levites: the descendants of Jeshua and Kadmiel (through the line of Hodaviah), 74.
41歌唱的:亞薩的子孫一百二十八名。The singers: the descendants of Asaph, 128.
42守門的:沙龍的子孫、亞特的子孫、達們的子孫、亞谷的子孫、哈底大的子孫、朔拜的子孫,共一百三十九名。The gatekeepers: the descendants of Shallum, the descendants of Ater, the descendants of Talmon, the descendants of Akkub, the descendants of Hatita, and the descendants of Shobai, 139 in all.
43(就是殿役):西哈的子孫、哈蘇巴的子孫、答巴俄的子孫、The temple servants: the descendants of Ziha, the descendants of Hasupha, the descendants of Tabbaoth,
44基綠的子孫、西亞的子孫、巴頓的子孫、the descendants of Keros, the descendants of Siaha, the descendants of Padon,
45利巴拿的子孫、哈迦巴的子孫、亞谷的子孫、the descendants of Lebanah, the descendants of Hagabah, the descendants of Akkub,
46哈甲的子孫、薩買的子孫、哈難的子孫、the descendants of Hagab, the descendants of Shalmai, the descendants of Hanan,
47吉德的子孫、迦哈的子孫、利亞雅的子孫、the descendants of Giddel, the descendants of Gahar, the descendants of Reaiah,
48利汛的子孫、尼哥大的子孫、迦散的子孫、the descendants of Rezin, the descendants of Nekoda, the descendants of Gazzam,
49烏撒的子孫、巴西亞的子孫、比賽的子孫、the descendants of Uzza, the descendants of Paseah, the descendants of Besai,
50押拿的子孫、米烏寧的子孫、尼普心的子孫、the descendants of Asnah, the descendants of Meunim, the descendants of Nephusim,
51巴卜的子孫、哈古巴的子孫、哈忽的子孫、the descendants of Bakbuk, the descendants of Hakupha, the descendants of Harhur,
52巴洗律的子孫、米希大的子孫、哈沙的子孫、the descendants of Bazluth, the descendants of Mehida, the descendants of Harsha,
53巴柯的子孫、西西拉的子孫、答瑪的子孫、the descendants of Barkos, the descendants of Sisera, the descendants of Temah,
54尼細亞的子孫、哈提法的子孫。the descendants of Neziah, and the descendants of Hatipha.
55所羅門僕人的後裔,就是瑣太的子孫、瑣斐列的子孫、比路大的子孫、The descendants of the servants of Solomon: the descendants of Sotai, the descendants of Hassophereth, the descendants of Peruda,
56雅拉的子孫、達昆的子孫、吉德的子孫、the descendants of Jaala, the descendants of Darkon, the descendants of Giddel,
57示法提雅的子孫、哈替的子孫、玻黑列‧哈斯巴音的子孫、亞米的子孫。the descendants of Shephatiah, the descendants of Hattil, the descendants of Pochereth-hazzebaim, and the descendants of Ami.
58尼提寧和所羅門僕人的後裔共三百九十二名。The temple servants and descendants of the servants of Solomon numbered 392 in all.
查不出家譜的人
59從特‧米拉、特‧哈薩、基綠、押但、音麥上來的,不能指明他們的是以色列人不是;The following came up from Tel-melah, Tel-harsha, Cherub, Addan, and Immer, but they could not prove that their families were descended from Israel:
60他們是第來雅的子孫、多比雅的子孫、尼哥大的子孫,共六百五十二名。the descendants of Delaiah, the descendants of Tobiah, and the descendants of Nekoda, 652 in all.
61祭司中,哈巴雅的子孫、哈哥斯的子孫、巴西萊的子孫;因為他們的先祖娶了基列人巴西萊的女兒為妻,所以起名叫巴西萊。And from among the priests: the descendants of Hobaiah, the descendants of Hakkoz, and the descendants of Barzillai (who had married a daughter of Barzillai the Gileadite and was called by their name).
62這三家的人在族譜之中尋查自己的譜系,卻尋不著,因此,不准供祭司的職任。These men searched for their family records, but they could not find them and so were excluded from the priesthood as unclean.
63對他們說:「不可吃至聖的物,直到有用決疑的祭司興起來。」The governor ordered them not to eat the most holy things until there was a priest to consult the Urim and Thummim.
會眾總數
64會眾共有四萬二千三百六十名。The whole assembly numbered 42,360,
65此外,還有他們的僕婢七千三百三十七名,又有歌唱的男女二百名。in addition to their 7,337 menservants and maidservants, as well as their 200 male and female singers.
66他們有馬七百三十六匹,騾子二百四十五匹,They had 736 horses, 245 mules,
67駱駝四百三十五隻,驢六千七百二十匹。435 camels, and 6,720 donkeys.
為建殿甘心獻上
68有些族長到了耶路撒冷耶和華殿的地方,便為 神的殿甘心獻上禮物,要重新建造。When they arrived at the house of the LORD in Jerusalem, some of the heads of the families gave freewill offerings to rebuild the house of God on its original site.
69他們捐入工程庫的金子六萬一千,銀子五千,並祭司的禮服一百件。According to their ability, they gave to the treasury for this work 61,000 darics of gold, 5,000 minas of silver, and 100 priestly garments.
70於是祭司、利未人、民中的一些人、歌唱的、守門的、尼提寧,並以色列眾人,各住在自己的城裡。So the priests, the Levites, the singers, the gatekeepers, and the temple servants, along with some of the people, settled in their own towns; and the rest of the Israelites settled in their towns.
摘要
波斯王古列受神激動,下詔允許被擄的猶太人回耶路撒冷重建聖殿,並歸還尼布甲尼撒所掠奪的聖殿器皿。猶大和便雅憫的族長、祭司、利未人等回應呼召,在四圍鄰舍的資助下踏上歸回之路。第二章詳列歸回者的家族名單與人數,總計四萬二千三百六十人,他們各歸本城,並甘心為重建聖殿奉獻金銀財物。
反思問題
- 神使用外邦君王古列來成就祂的計畫,這提醒你神的主權如何超越人的預期?在你目前的處境中,有哪些看似不可能的事,神可能正在動工?
- 經文提到『一切被神激動他心的人』起來行動。你是否曾經歷神在心中的感動卻猶豫不前?什麼阻礙了你的回應?
- 歸回的百姓按著自己的力量甘心奉獻,你在信仰群體中如何以實際行動參與神國的建造?
新約使徒行傳 13:13–52
前情提要
上回說到
昨天():安提阿教會照聖靈的吩咐,差派巴拿巴和掃羅出去;他們到塞浦路斯傳道,在帕弗斥責行法術的以呂馬,方伯士求保羅信了主。從這裡起,掃羅改稱保羅。
今天你會讀到
約翰馬可中途離隊回耶路撒冷;保羅在彼西底的安提阿會堂講道,從出埃及、士師、大衛一路講到耶穌的死與復活,宣告信靠祂就得稱義。下個安息日合城的人都來聽,猶太人卻嫉妒反對,保羅和巴拿巴就轉向外邦人,最後被趕出境外。
閱讀小提示
這是使徒行傳記載保羅的第一篇講道。留意他怎樣引用詩篇和先知書,說明「神卻叫他從死裡復活」()。
點時代可看說明
彼西底的安提阿在小亞細亞內陸(今土耳其中部),是羅馬殖民城,和敘利亞的安提阿是兩個不同的城。
使徒行傳 第 13 章
約翰離開,來到彼西底的安提阿
13保羅和他的同人從帕弗開船,來到旁非利亞的,約翰就離開他們,回耶路撒冷去。After setting sail from Paphos, Paul and his companions came to Perga in Pamphylia, where John left them to return to Jerusalem.
14他們離了別加往前行,來到,在安息日進會堂坐下。And from Perga, they traveled inland to Pisidian Antioch, where they entered the synagogue on the Sabbath and sat down.
15讀完了,叫人過去,對他們說:「,若有甚麼勸勉眾人的話,請說。」After the reading from the Law and the Prophets, the synagogue leaders sent word to them: “Brothers, if you have a word of encouragement for the people, please speak.”
保羅講道:神在以色列歷史中的作為
16保羅就站起來,舉手,說:「以色列人和一切敬畏 神的人,請聽。Paul stood up, motioned with his hand, and began to speak: “Men of Israel and you Gentiles who fear God, listen to me!
17這以色列民的 神揀選了我們的祖宗,當民寄居埃及的時候抬舉他們,用大能的手領他們出來;The God of the people of Israel chose our fathers. He made them into a great people during their stay in Egypt, and with an uplifted arm He led them out of that land.
18又在曠野(或譯:撫養)他們,約有四十年。He endured their conduct for about forty years in the wilderness.
19既滅了迦南地七族的人,就把那地分給他們為業;And having vanquished seven nations in Canaan, He gave their land to His people as an inheritance.
20此後給他們設立士師,約有四百五十年,直到先知撒母耳的時候。All this took about 450 years. After this, God gave them judges until the time of Samuel the prophet.
21後來他們求一個王, 神就將便雅憫支派中基士的兒子掃羅,給他們作王四十年。Then the people asked for a king, and God gave them Saul son of Kish, from the tribe of Benjamin, who ruled forty years.
22既廢了掃羅,就選立大衛作他們的王,又為他作見證說:『我尋得耶西的兒子大衛,他是的人,凡事要遵行我的旨意。』After removing Saul, He raised up David as their king and testified about him: ‘I have found David son of Jesse a man after My own heart; he will carry out My will in its entirety.’
救主耶穌從大衛後裔而出
23從這人的後裔中, 神已經照著所應許的,為以色列人立了一位救主,就是耶穌。From the descendants of this man, God has brought to Israel the Savior Jesus, as He promised.
24在他沒有出來以先,約翰向以色列眾民宣講悔改的洗禮。Before the arrival of Jesus, John preached a baptism of repentance to all the people of Israel.
25約翰將行盡他的說:『你們以為我是誰?我不是基督;只是有一位在我以後來的,我解他腳上的鞋帶也是不配的。』As John was completing his course, he said, ‘Who do you suppose I am? I am not that One. But there is One coming after me whose sandals I am not worthy to untie.’
耶穌受死與復活
26「弟兄們,亞伯拉罕的子孫和你們中間敬畏 神的人哪,這救世的道是傳給我們的。Brothers, children of Abraham, and you Gentiles who fear God, it is to us that this message of salvation has been sent.
27耶路撒冷居住的人和他們的官長,因為不認識基督,也不明白每安息日所讀眾先知的書,就把基督定了死罪,正應了先知的預言;The people of Jerusalem and their rulers did not recognize Jesus, yet in condemning Him they fulfilled the words of the prophets that are read every Sabbath.
28雖然查不出他有當死的罪來,還是求彼拉多殺他;And though they found no ground for a death sentence, they asked Pilate to have Him executed.
29既成就了經上指著他所記的一切話,就把他從木頭上取下來,放在墳墓裡。When they had carried out all that was written about Him, they took Him down from the tree and laid Him in a tomb.
30神卻叫他從死裡復活。But God raised Him from the dead,
31那從加利利同他上耶路撒冷的人多日看見他,這些人如今在民間是他的見證。and for many days He was seen by those who had accompanied Him from Galilee to Jerusalem. They are now His witnesses to our people.
32我們也報好信息給你們,就是那應許祖宗的話,And now we proclaim to you the good news: What God promised our fathers
33神已經向我們這作兒女的應驗,叫耶穌復活了。正如詩篇第二篇上記著說:你是我的兒子,我今日生你。He has fulfilled for us, their children, by raising up Jesus. As it is written in the second Psalm: ‘You are My Son; today I have become Your Father.’
34論到 神叫他從死裡復活,不再歸於朽壞,就這樣說:我必將所應許大衛那賜給你們。In fact, God raised Him from the dead, never to see decay. As He has said: ‘I will give you the holy and sure blessings promised to David.’
35又有一篇上說:你必不叫你的聖者見。So also, He says in another Psalm: ‘You will not let Your Holy One see decay.’
36「大衛在世的時候遵行了 神的旨意,就睡了(或譯:大衛按 神的旨意服事了他那一世的人,就睡了),歸到他祖宗那裡,已見朽壞;For when David had served God’s purpose in his own generation, he fell asleep. His body was buried with his fathers and saw decay.
37惟獨 神所復活的,他並未見朽壞。But the One whom God raised from the dead did not see decay.
靠耶穌得赦罪稱義
38所以,弟兄們,你們當曉得:赦罪的道是由這人傳給你們的。Therefore let it be known to you, brothers, that through Jesus the forgiveness of sins is proclaimed to you.
39你們靠摩西的律法,在一切不得的事上信靠這人,就都得稱義了。Through Him everyone who believes is justified from everything from which you could not be justified by the law of Moses.
40所以,你們務要小心,免得先知書上所說的臨到你們。Watch out, then, that what was spoken by the prophets does not happen to you:
41主說:你們這要觀看,要驚奇,要滅亡;因為在你們的時候,我行一件事,雖有人告訴你們,你們總是不信。」‘Look, you scoffers, wonder and perish! For I am doing a work in your days that you would never believe, even if someone told you.’”
眾人請他們再講
42他們出會堂的時候,眾人請他們到下安息日再講這話給他們聽。As Paul and Barnabas were leaving the synagogue, the people urged them to continue this message on the next Sabbath.
43散會以後,猶太人和多有跟從保羅、巴拿巴的。二人對他們講道,勸他們務要恆久在 神的恩中。After the synagogue was dismissed, many of the Jews and devout converts to Judaism followed Paul and Barnabas, who spoke to them and urged them to continue in the grace of God.
猶太人嫉妒,使徒轉向外邦人
44到下安息日,合城的人幾乎都來聚集,要聽 神的道。On the following Sabbath, nearly the whole city gathered to hear the word of the Lord.
45但猶太人看見人這樣多,就滿心嫉妒,硬駁保羅所說的話,並且毀謗。But when the Jews saw the crowds, they were filled with jealousy, and they blasphemously contradicted what Paul was saying.
46保羅和巴拿巴放膽說:「 神的道先講給你們原是應當的;只因你們棄絕這道,斷定自己不配得永生,我們就轉向外邦人去。Then Paul and Barnabas answered them boldly: “It was necessary to speak the word of God to you first. But since you reject it and do not consider yourselves worthy of eternal life, we now turn to the Gentiles.
47因為主曾這樣吩咐我們說:我已經立你作外邦人的光,叫你施行救恩,直到地極。」For this is what the Lord has commanded us: ‘I have made you a light for the Gentiles, to bring salvation to the ends of the earth.’”
48外邦人聽見這話,就歡喜了,讚美 神的道;凡預定得永生的人都信了。When the Gentiles heard this, they rejoiced and glorified the word of the Lord, and all who were appointed for eternal life believed.
49於是主的道傳遍了那一帶地方。And the word of the Lord spread throughout that region.
被趕出境外
50但猶太人虔敬、尊貴的婦女和城內有名望的人,逼迫保羅、巴拿巴,將他們趕出境外。The Jews, however, incited the religious women of prominence and the leading men of the city. They stirred up persecution against Paul and Barnabas and drove them out of their district.
51二人對著眾人,就往去了。So they shook the dust off their feet in protest against them and went to Iconium.
52門徒滿心喜樂,又被聖靈充滿。And the disciples were filled with joy and with the Holy Spirit.
摘要
保羅在彼西底的安提阿會堂中,回顧以色列歷史,從神揀選列祖、出埃及、立士師和君王,一路講到大衛的後裔耶穌就是神所應許的救主。他宣告耶穌的死與復活應驗了舊約預言,凡信靠祂的人都能得赦罪和稱義——這是律法所不能做到的。猶太人因嫉妒而拒絕福音,保羅便宣告轉向外邦人傳道;外邦人歡喜領受,主的道傳遍那一帶地方,門徒滿心喜樂並被聖靈充滿。
反思問題
- 保羅指出耶路撒冷的人因『不認識基督,也不明白先知的書』而拒絕救恩。你如何在日常生活中持續認識基督,避免因熟悉而麻木?
- 猶太人因嫉妒而抗拒福音,你是否曾因驕傲或嫉妒而抗拒神透過他人帶來的真理或祝福?
- 保羅和巴拿巴遭受逼迫仍繼續前行,門徒滿心喜樂又被聖靈充滿。面對信仰中的阻力或挫折,什麼是你喜樂和堅持的源頭?