舊約士師記 17:1–18:31
前情提要
上回說到
昨天(13–16 章):參孫生來就要作拿細耳人,力大無窮,卻一再隨從自己的眼目;最後他被大利拉套出秘密,頭髮被剃、雙眼被剜,在大袞廟中推倒房柱,與非利士人同死。
今天你會讀到
士師記最後五章不再講士師,而是兩個例子。第一個:以法蓮人米迦用偷來又還回的銀子造神像,雇一個流浪的利未人作家庭祭司;後來但支派尋地居住,派人窺探,搶走米迦的神像和祭司,攻下安居的拉億城,改名為但,在那裡設立自己的偶像。
閱讀小提示
留意 「那時以色列中沒有王,各人任意而行」:這句話(或前半句)在 、、 反覆出現,是士師記結尾的主題句。
點時代可看說明
有學者認為 17–21 章的事發生在士師時代早期,因為 提到摩西的孫子約拿單, 提到亞倫的孫子非尼哈。
點經節可選取,長按即複製點經節可選取,按 Ctrl+C⌘C 複製
士師記 第 17 章
米迦的銀子和神像
1以法蓮山地有一個人名叫米迦。Now a man named Micah from the hill country of Ephraim
2他對母親說:「你那一千一百舍客勒銀子被人拿去,你因此,並且告訴了我。看哪,這銀子在我這裡,是我拿去了。」他母親說:「我兒啊,願耶和華賜福與你!」said to his mother, “The eleven hundred shekels of silver that were taken from you and about which I heard you utter a curse—I have the silver here with me; I took it.” Then his mother said, “Blessed be my son by the LORD!”
3米迦就把這一千一百舍客勒銀子還他母親。他母親說:「我分出這銀子來為你獻給耶和華,好,鑄成一個像。現在我還是交給你。」And when he had returned the eleven hundred shekels of silver to his mother, she said, “I wholly dedicate the silver to the LORD for my son’s benefit, to make a graven image and a molten idol. Therefore I will now return it to you.”
4米迦將銀子還他母親,他母親將二百舍客勒銀子交給銀匠,雕刻一個像,鑄成一個像,安置在米迦的屋內。So he returned the silver to his mother, and she took two hundred shekels of silver and gave them to a silversmith, who made them into a graven image and a molten idol. And they were placed in the house of Micah.
5這米迦有了,又製造以弗得和,分派他一個兒子作祭司。Now this man Micah had a shrine, and he made an ephod and some household idols, and ordained one of his sons as his priest.
6那時以色列中沒有王,各人任意而行。In those days there was no king in Israel; everyone did what was right in his own eyes.
米迦雇用利未人作祭司
7猶大的伯利恆有一個少年人,是猶大族的,他在那裡寄居。And there was a young Levite from Bethlehem in Judah who had been residing within the clan of Judah.
8這人離開猶大的伯利恆城,要找一個可住的地方。行路的時候,到了以法蓮山地,走到米迦的家。This man left the city of Bethlehem in Judah to settle where he could find a place. And as he traveled, he came to Micah’s house in the hill country of Ephraim.
9米迦問他說:「你從哪裡來?」他回答說:「從猶大的伯利恆來。我是利未人,要找一個可住的地方。」“Where are you from?” Micah asked him. “I am a Levite from Bethlehem in Judah,” he replied, “and I am on my way to settle wherever I can find a place.”
10米迦說:「你可以住在我這裡,我以你為父、為祭司。我每年給你十舍客勒銀子,一套衣服和。」利未人就進了他的家。“Stay with me,” Micah said to him, “and be my father and priest, and I will give you ten shekels of silver per year, a suit of clothes, and your provisions.” So the Levite went in
11利未人情願與那人同住;那人看這少年人如自己的兒子一樣。and agreed to stay with him, and the young man became like a son to Micah.
12米迦分派這少年的利未人作祭司,他就住在米迦的家裡。Micah ordained the Levite, and the young man became his priest and lived in his house.
13米迦說:「現在我知道耶和華必賜福與我,因我有一個利未人作祭司。」Then Micah said, “Now I know that the LORD will be good to me, because a Levite has become my priest.”
士師記 第 18 章
但支派尋地居住
1那時,以色列中沒有王。但支派的人仍是尋地居住;因為到那日子,他們還沒有在以色列支派中得地為業。In those days there was no king in Israel, and the tribe of the Danites was looking for territory to occupy. For up to that time they had not come into an inheritance among the tribes of Israel.
2但人從瑣拉和以實陶打發本族中的五個勇士,去仔細窺探那地,吩咐他們說:「你們去窺探那地。」他們來到以法蓮山地,進了米迦的住宅,就在那裡住宿。So the Danites sent out five men from their clans, men of valor from Zorah and Eshtaol, to spy out the land and explore it. “Go and explore the land,” they told them. The men entered the hill country of Ephraim and came to the house of Micah, where they spent the night.
3他們臨近米迦的住宅,聽出那少年利未人的口音來,就進去問他說:「誰領你到這裡來?你在這裡做甚麼?你在這裡得甚麼?」And while they were near Micah’s house, they recognized the voice of the young Levite; so they went over and asked him, “Who brought you here? What are you doing in this place? Why are you here?”
4他回答說:「米迦待我如此如此,請我作祭司。」“Micah has done this and that for me,” he replied, “and he has hired me to be his priest.”
5他們對他說:「請你求問 神,使我們知道所行的道路不通達。」Then they said to him, “Please inquire of God to determine whether we will have a successful journey.”
6祭司對他們說:「你們可以平平安安地去,你們所行的道路是在耶和華面前的。」And the priest told them, “Go in peace. The LORD is watching over your journey.”
窺探拉億
7五人就走了,來到,見那裡的民,如同西頓人安居一樣。在那地沒有人掌權擾亂他們;他們離西頓人也遠,與別人沒有來往。So the five men departed and came to Laish, where they saw that the people were living securely, like the Sidonians, quiet and unsuspecting. There was nothing lacking in the land and no oppressive ruler. And they were far away from the Sidonians and had no alliance with anyone.
8五人回到瑣拉和以實陶,見他們的弟兄;弟兄問他們說:「你們有甚麼話?」When the men returned to Zorah and Eshtaol, their brothers asked them, “What did you find?”
9他們回答說:「起來,我們上去攻擊他們吧!我們已經窺探那地,見那地甚好。你們為何靜坐不動呢?要急速前往得那地為業,不可遲延。They answered, “Come on, let us go up against them, for we have seen the land, and it is very good. Why would you fail to act? Do not hesitate to go there and take possession of the land!
10你們到了那裡,必看見安居無慮的民,地也寬闊。 神已將那地交在你們手中;那地百物俱全,一無所缺。」When you enter, you will come to an unsuspecting people and a spacious land, for God has delivered it into your hand. It is a place where nothing on earth is lacking.”
但人搶走米迦的神像和祭司
11於是但族中的六百人,各帶兵器,從瑣拉和以實陶前往,So six hundred Danites departed from Zorah and Eshtaol, armed with weapons of war.
12上到猶大的基列‧耶琳,在基列‧耶琳後邊安營。因此那地方名叫瑪哈尼‧但,直到今日。They went up and camped at Kiriath-jearim in Judah. That is why the place west of Kiriath-jearim is called Mahaneh-dan to this day.
13他們從那裡往以法蓮山地去,來到米迦的住宅。And from there they traveled to the hill country of Ephraim and came to Micah’s house.
14從前窺探拉億地的五個人對他們的弟兄說:「這宅子裡有以弗得和家中的神像,並雕刻的像與鑄成的像,你們知道嗎?現在你們要想一想當怎樣行。」Then the five men who had gone to spy out the land of Laish said to their brothers, “Did you know that one of these houses has an ephod, household gods, a graven image, and a molten idol? Now think about what you should do.”
15五人就進入米迦的住宅,到了那少年利未人的房內問他好。So they turned aside there and went to the home of the young Levite, the house of Micah, and greeted him.
16那六百但人各帶兵器,站在門口。The six hundred Danites stood at the entrance of the gate, armed with their weapons of war.
17窺探地的五個人走進去,將雕刻的像、以弗得、家中的神像,並鑄成的像,都拿了去。祭司和帶兵器的六百人,一同站在門口。And the five men who had gone to spy out the land went inside and took the graven image, the ephod, the household idols, and the molten idol, while the priest stood at the entrance of the gate with the six hundred armed men.
18那五個人進入米迦的住宅,拿出雕刻的像、以弗得、家中的神像,並鑄成的像,祭司就問他們說:「你們做甚麼呢?」When they entered Micah’s house and took the graven image, the ephod, the household idols, and the molten idol, the priest said to them, “What are you doing?”
19他們回答說:「不要作聲,用手,跟我們去吧!我們必以你為父、為祭司。你作一家的祭司好呢?還是作以色列一族一支派的祭司好呢?」“Be quiet,” they told him. “Put your hand over your mouth and come with us and be a father and a priest to us. Is it better for you to be a priest for the house of one person or a priest for a tribe and family in Israel?”
20祭司心裡喜悅,便拿著以弗得和家中的神像,並雕刻的像,進入他們中間。So the priest was glad and took the ephod, the household idols, and the graven image, and went with the people.
21他們就轉身離開那裡,妻子、兒女、牲畜、財物都在前頭。Putting their small children, their livestock, and their possessions in front of them, they turned and departed.
米迦追趕無功
22離米迦的住宅已遠,米迦的近鄰都聚集來,追趕但人,After they were some distance from Micah’s house, the men in the houses near Micah’s house mobilized and overtook the Danites.
23呼叫但人。但人回頭問米迦說:「你聚集這許多人來做甚麼呢?」When they called out after them, the Danites turned to face them and said to Micah, “What is the matter with you that you have called out such a company?”
24米迦說:「你們將我所做的神像和祭司都帶了去,我還有所剩的嗎?怎麼還問我說『做甚麼』呢?」He replied, “You took the gods I had made, and my priest, and went away. What else do I have? How can you say to me, ‘What is the matter with you?’”
25但人對米迦說:「你不要使我們聽見你的聲音,恐怕有攻擊你,以致你和你的全家盡都喪命。」The Danites said to him, “Do not raise your voice against us, or angry men will attack you, and you and your family will lose your lives.”
26但人還是走他們的路。米迦見他們的勢力比自己強盛,就轉身回家去了。So the Danites went on their way, and Micah turned to go back home, because he saw that they were too strong for him.
攻取拉億,改名為但
27但人將米迦所做的神像和他的祭司都帶到拉億,見安居無慮的民,就用刀殺了那民,又放火燒了那城,After they had taken Micah’s idols and his priest, they went to Laish, to a quiet and unsuspecting people, and they struck them with their swords and burned down the city.
28並無人搭救;因為離西頓遠,他們又與別人沒有來往。城在平原,那平原靠近伯‧利合。但人又在那裡修城居住,There was no one to deliver them, because the city was far from Sidon and had no alliance with anyone; it was in a valley near Beth-rehob. And the Danites rebuilt the city and lived there.
29照著他們始祖以色列之子的名字,給那城起名叫但;原先那城名叫拉億。They named it Dan, after their forefather Dan, who was born to Israel—though the city was formerly named Laish.
30但人就為自己設立那雕刻的像。的孫子、革舜的兒子約拿單,和他的子孫作但支派的祭司,直到那地的日子。The Danites set up idols for themselves, and Jonathan son of Gershom, the son of Moses, and his sons were priests for the tribe of Dan until the day of the captivity of the land.
31神的殿在多少日子,但人為自己設立米迦所雕刻的像也在但多少日子。So they set up for themselves Micah’s graven image, and it was there the whole time the house of God was in Shiloh.
摘要
米迦私設神堂、雕刻偶像,並雇用一位利未人作祭司,以為如此便能得耶和華賜福。但支派因尋地居住,派人窺探拉億,途中奪走米迦的神像與祭司,後攻滅拉億安居的民,在那裡設立偶像敬拜,直到被擄之日。整段反映「以色列中沒有王,各人任意而行」的混亂光景——無論個人或支派,都按自己的方式敬拜,偏離神所設立的敬拜秩序。
反思問題
- 米迦以為擁有利未人祭司就能蒙福,我是否也曾用外在宗教形式來取代對神真實的順服與敬拜?
- 但支派以武力奪取偶像並屠殺無辜居民,卻自認是神的引導。我如何分辨自己的決定是出於神的旨意,還是出於私慾的合理化?
- 「沒有王,各人任意而行」描述了失去屬靈權柄的混亂。在我的生活中,我是否讓神作真正的王,還是常常按自己的標準行事?
新約路加福音 13:22–35
前情提要
上回說到
昨天():耶穌說遇難的加利利人和被西羅亞樓壓死的人並不比別人更有罪,「你們若不悔改,都要如此滅亡」;又講不結果子的無花果樹,在安息日醫好駝背十八年的女人,並用芥菜種和麵酵比喻神的國。
今天你會讀到
耶穌往耶路撒冷去,有人問得救的人是不是很少;耶穌勸人努力進窄門,因為門一關,許多自以為認識主的人要被關在外面,從四方來的人卻要在神的國裡坐席。有法利賽人警告希律要殺祂,耶穌稱希律為狐狸,並為耶路撒冷哀歎。
閱讀小提示
留意 耶穌形容自己對耶路撒冷的心,「好像母雞把小雞聚集在翅膀底下」;祂多次願意聚集他們,「只是你們不願意」。
點時代可看說明
這裡的希律是希律安提帕,大希律的兒子,主前 4 年到主後 39 年統治加利利和比利亞;殺施洗約翰的就是他()。
路加福音 第 13 章
努力進窄門
22耶穌往耶路撒冷去,在所經過的各城各鄉教訓人。Then Jesus traveled throughout the towns and villages, teaching as He made His way toward Jerusalem.
23有一個人問他說:「主啊,得救的人少嗎?」“Lord,” someone asked Him, “will only a few people be saved?” Jesus answered,
24耶穌對眾人說:「你們要進。我告訴你們,將來有許多人想要進去,卻是不能。“Make every effort to enter through the narrow door. For many, I tell you, will try to enter and will not be able.
門關了以後
25及至起來關了門,你們站在外面叩門,說:『主啊,給我們開門!』他就回答說:『我不認識你們,不曉得你們是哪裡來的!』After the master of the house gets up and shuts the door, you will stand outside knocking and saying, ‘Lord, open the door for us.’ But he will reply, ‘I do not know where you are from.’
26那時,你們要說:『我們在你面前吃過喝過,你也在我們的街上教訓過人。』Then you will say, ‘We ate and drank with you, and you taught in our streets.’
27他要說:『我告訴你們,我不曉得你們是哪裡來的。你們這一切作惡的人,離開我去吧!』And he will answer, ‘I tell you, I do not know where you are from. Depart from me, all you evildoers.’
28你們要看見,和眾先知都在 神的國裡,你們卻被趕到外面,在那裡必要了。There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth when you see Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and all the prophets in the kingdom of God, but you yourselves are thrown out.
29從東、從西、從南、從北將有人來,在 神的國裡。People will come from east and west and north and south, and will recline at the table in the kingdom of God.
30只是有在後的,將要在前;有在前的,將要在後。」And indeed, some who are last will be first, and some who are first will be last.”
那個狐狸希律
31正當那時,有幾個法利賽人來對耶穌說:「離開這裡去吧,因為想要殺你。」At that very hour, some Pharisees came to Jesus and told Him, “Leave this place and get away, because Herod wants to kill You.”
32耶穌說:「你們去告訴那個說:『今天、明天我趕鬼治病,第三天我的事就了。』But Jesus replied, “Go tell that fox, ‘Look, I will keep driving out demons and healing people today and tomorrow, and on the third day I will reach My goal.’
33雖然這樣,今天、明天、後天,我必須前行,因為先知在耶路撒冷之外喪命是不能的。Nevertheless, I must keep going today and tomorrow and the next day, for it is not admissible for a prophet to perish outside of Jerusalem.
為耶路撒冷哀歎
34耶路撒冷啊!耶路撒冷啊!你常殺害先知,又用石頭打死那奉差遣到你這裡來的人。我多次願意聚集你的兒女,好像母雞把小雞聚集在翅膀底下;只是你們不願意。O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, who kills the prophets and stones those sent to her, how often I have longed to gather your children together as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you were unwilling!
35看哪,你們的家成為荒場留給你們。我告訴你們,從今以後你們不得再見我,直等到你們說:『。』」Look, your house is left to you desolate. And I tell you that you will not see Me again until you say, ‘Blessed is He who comes in the name of the Lord.’”
摘要
耶穌教導悔改的迫切性:災禍臨到不代表受害者更有罪,人人都需悔改。祂用窄門的比喻警告,僅有表面的親近不足以進神的國,必須真實回應神的呼召。面對希律的威脅,耶穌堅定前往耶路撒冷,並為這城哀嘆——祂渴望聚集百姓,他們卻不願意,以致家園成為荒場。
反思問題
- 耶穌指出災難不等於受害者罪更大,而是提醒所有人都需悔改。我是否習慣用「比較」來迴避自己需要悔改的地方?
- 窄門的教導強調,光是在主面前吃喝、聽過教訓並不夠。我與主的關係是停留在表面的宗教活動,還是有真實生命的改變?
- 耶穌為耶路撒冷哀哭,說『我多次願意聚集你的兒女,只是你們不願意』。在我生命中,是否有神一再呼召、我卻一再拒絕或拖延回應的領域?