舊約撒母耳記下 21:1–23:7
前情提要
上回說到
昨天():大衛回耶路撒冷,示每求饒、米非波設申訴、巴西萊送王過河;以色列和猶大為迎王的事爭吵,示巴趁機叛變,約押殺了亞瑪撒,最後亞比拉的聰明婦人交出示巴的首級。
今天你會讀到
21–24 章像撒母耳記的附錄,收集大衛一生不同時期的事:為掃羅殺基遍人的事,大衛交出掃羅的七個子孫,利斯巴日夜守護屍身;大衛的勇士殺死四個迦特偉人;22 章是大衛的感恩詩; 是「大衛末了的話」。
閱讀小提示
把 22 章和 詩 18 篇對照著讀,兩首幾乎一模一樣:同一首詩收在聖經的兩個地方,只有一些字句略有不同。
點時代可看說明
21–24 章不按時間順序排列;許多學者認為 21 章基遍人的事發生在大衛作王的前期,22 章的詩則是大衛脫離掃羅和眾仇敵之後作的()。
點經節可選取,長按即複製點經節可選取,按 Ctrl+C⌘C 複製
撒母耳記下 第 21 章
基遍人的冤屈
1大衛年間有饑荒,一連三年,大衛就求問耶和華。耶和華說:「這饑荒是因掃羅和他流人血之家殺死。」During the reign of David there was a famine for three successive years, and David sought the face of the LORD. And the LORD said, “It is because of the blood shed by Saul and his family, because he killed the Gibeonites.”
2原來這基遍人不是以色列人,乃是亞摩利人中所剩的;以色列人曾向他們起誓,不殺滅他們,掃羅卻為以色列人和猶大人發熱心,想要殺滅他們。大衛王召了他們來,At this, David summoned the Gibeonites and spoke to them. (Now the Gibeonites were not Israelites, but a remnant of the Amorites. The Israelites had taken an oath concerning them, but in his zeal for Israel and Judah, Saul had sought to kill them.)
3問他們說:「我當為你們怎樣行呢?可用甚麼,使你們為耶和華的產業祝福呢?」So David asked the Gibeonites, “What shall I do for you? How can I make amends so that you may bless the inheritance of the LORD?”
4基遍人回答說:「我們和掃羅與他家的事並不關乎金銀,也不要因我們的緣故殺一個以色列人。」大衛說:「你們怎樣說,我就為你們怎樣行。」The Gibeonites said to him, “We need no silver or gold from Saul or his house, nor should you put to death anyone in Israel for us.” “Whatever you ask, I will do for you,” he replied.
5他們對王說:「那從前謀害我們、要滅我們、使我們不得再住以色列境內的人,And they answered the king, “As for the man who consumed us and plotted against us to exterminate us from existing within any border of Israel,
6現在願將他的子孫七人交給我們,我們好在耶和華面前,將他們懸掛在耶和華揀選掃羅的基比亞。」王說:「我必交給你們。」let seven of his male descendants be delivered to us so that we may hang them before the LORD at Gibeah of Saul, the chosen of the LORD.” “I will give them to you,” said the king.
7王因為曾與掃羅的兒子約拿單指著耶和華起誓結盟,就愛惜掃羅的孫子、約拿單的兒子米非波設,不交出來,Now the king spared Mephibosheth son of Jonathan, the son of Saul, because of the oath before the LORD between David and Jonathan son of Saul.
8卻把愛雅的女兒給掃羅所生的兩個兒子亞摩尼、米非波設,和掃羅女兒米甲的姊姊給米何拉人巴西萊兒子亞得列所生的五個兒子But the king took Armoni and Mephibosheth, the two sons whom Rizpah daughter of Aiah had borne to Saul, as well as the five sons whom Merab daughter of Saul had borne to Adriel son of Barzillai the Meholathite.
9交在基遍人的手裡。基遍人就把他們,在耶和華面前,懸掛在山上,這七人就一同死亡。被殺的時候正是收割的日子,就是動手割大麥的時候。And he delivered them into the hands of the Gibeonites, and they hanged them on the hill before the LORD. So all seven of them fell together; they were put to death in the first days of the harvest, at the beginning of the barley harvest.
利斯巴守護屍身
10愛雅的女兒利斯巴用麻布在磐石上搭棚,從動手收割的時候直到天降雨在屍身上的時候,日間不容空中的雀鳥落在屍身上,夜間不讓田野的走獸前來糟踐。And Rizpah the daughter of Aiah took sackcloth and spread it out for herself on a rock. From the beginning of the harvest until the rain from heaven poured down on the bodies, she did not allow the birds of the air to rest on them by day, nor the beasts of the field by night.
11有人將掃羅的妃嬪愛雅女兒利斯巴所行的這事告訴大衛。When David was told what Saul’s concubine Rizpah, daughter of Aiah, had done,
安葬掃羅和約拿單
12大衛就去,從基列‧雅比人那裡將掃羅和他兒子約拿單的骸骨搬了來(是因非利士人從前在基利波殺掃羅,將屍身懸掛在伯‧珊的街市上,基列‧雅比人把屍身偷了去。)he went and took the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan from the men of Jabesh-gilead, who had stolen them from the public square of Beth-shan where the Philistines had hung the bodies after they had struck down Saul at Gilboa.
13大衛將掃羅和他兒子約拿單的骸骨從那裡搬了來,又收殮被懸掛七人的骸骨,So David had the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan brought from there, and they also gathered the bones of those who had been hanged.
14將掃羅和他兒子約拿單的骸骨葬在便雅憫的洗拉,在掃羅父親基士的墳墓裡;眾人行了王所吩咐的。此後 神垂聽國民所求的。And they buried the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan in Zela in the land of Benjamin, in the tomb of Saul’s father Kish. After they had done everything the king had commanded, God answered their prayers for the land.
擊殺非利士偉人
15非利士人與以色列人打仗;大衛帶領僕人下去,與非利士人接戰,大衛就疲乏了。Once again the Philistines waged war against Israel, and David and his servants went down and fought against the Philistines. But David became exhausted.
16的一個兒子以實‧比諾要殺大衛;他的銅槍重三百舍客勒,又佩著新刀。Then Ishbi-benob, a descendant of Rapha, whose bronze spear weighed three hundred shekels and who was bearing a new sword, resolved to kill David.
17但洗魯雅的兒子亞比篩幫助大衛,攻打非利士人,將他殺死。當日,跟隨大衛的人向大衛起誓說:「以後你不可再與我們一同出戰,恐怕。」But Abishai son of Zeruiah came to his aid, struck the Philistine, and killed him. Then David’s men swore to him, “You must never again go out with us to battle, so that the lamp of Israel may not be extinguished.”
18後來,以色列人在歌伯與非利士人打仗,戶沙人西比該殺了偉人的一個兒子撒弗。Some time later at Gob, there was another battle with the Philistines. At that time Sibbecai the Hushathite killed Saph, a descendant of Rapha.
19又在歌伯與非利士人打仗,伯利恆人雅雷俄珥金的兒子伊勒哈難殺了迦特人。這人的槍桿粗如織布的。Once again there was a battle with the Philistines at Gob, and Elhanan son of Jair the Bethlehemite killed the brother of Goliath the Gittite, the shaft of whose spear was like a weaver’s beam.
20又在迦特打仗,那裡有一個身量高大的人,手腳都是六指,共有二十四個指頭;他也是偉人的兒子。And there was also a battle at Gath, where there was a man of great stature with six fingers on each hand and six toes on each foot—twenty-four in all. He too was descended from Rapha,
21這人向以色列人罵陣,大衛的哥哥示米亞的兒子約拿單就殺了他。and when he taunted Israel, Jonathan the son of David’s brother Shimei killed him.
22這四個人是迦特偉人的兒子,都死在大衛和他僕人的手下。So these four descendants of Rapha in Gath fell at the hands of David and his servants.
撒母耳記下 第 22 章
大衛的感恩詩:耶和華是我的巖石
1當耶和華救大衛脫離一切仇敵和掃羅之手的日子,他向耶和華念這詩,And David sang this song to the LORD on the day the LORD had delivered him from the hand of all his enemies and from the hand of Saul.
2說:耶和華是我的巖石,我的,我的救主,He said: “The LORD is my rock, my fortress, and my deliverer.
3我的 神,我的磐石,我所投靠的。他是我的盾牌,是,是我的高臺,是我的避難所。我的救主啊,你是救我脫離強暴的。My God is my rock, in whom I take refuge, my shield, and the horn of my salvation. My stronghold, my refuge, and my Savior, You save me from violence.
4我要求告當讚美的耶和華,這樣,我必從仇敵手中被救出來。I will call upon the LORD, who is worthy to be praised; so shall I be saved from my enemies.
5曾有死亡的波浪環繞我,的急流使我驚懼,For the waves of death engulfed me; the torrents of chaos overwhelmed me.
6陰間的繩索纏繞我,死亡的網羅臨到我。The cords of Sheol entangled me; the snares of death confronted me.
7我在急難中求告耶和華,向我的 神呼求。他從殿中聽了我的聲音;我的呼求入了他的耳中。In my distress I called upon the LORD; I cried out to my God. And from His temple He heard my voice, and my cry for help reached His ears.
神從天上降臨拯救
8那時因他發怒,地就搖撼戰抖;天的根基也震動搖撼。Then the earth shook and quaked; the foundations of the heavens trembled; they were shaken because He burned with anger.
9從他鼻孔冒煙上騰;從他口中發火焚燒,連炭也著了。Smoke rose from His nostrils, and consuming fire came from His mouth; glowing coals blazed forth.
10他又使天下垂,親自降臨;有黑雲在他腳下。He parted the heavens and came down with dark clouds beneath His feet.
11他坐著飛行,在風的翅膀上顯現。He mounted a cherub and flew; He soared on the wings of the wind.
12他以黑暗和聚集的水、天空的厚雲為他四圍的行宮。He made darkness a canopy around Him, a gathering of water and thick clouds.
13因他面前的光輝炭都著了。From the brightness of His presence coals of fire blazed forth.
14耶和華從天上打雷;至高者發出聲音。The LORD thundered from heaven; the voice of the Most High resounded.
15他射出箭來,使仇敵四散,發出閃電,使他們擾亂。He shot His arrows and scattered the foes; He hurled lightning and routed them.
16耶和華的斥責一發,鼻孔的氣一出,海底就出現,大地的根基也顯露。The channels of the sea appeared, and the foundations of the world were exposed at the rebuke of the LORD, at the blast of the breath of His nostrils.
17他從高天伸手抓住我,把我從大水中拉上來。He reached down from on high and took hold of me; He drew me out of deep waters.
18他救我脫離我的勁敵和那些恨我的人,因為他們比我強盛。He rescued me from my powerful enemy, from foes too mighty for me.
19我遭遇災難的日子,他們來攻擊我;但耶和華是我的倚靠。They confronted me in my day of calamity, but the LORD was my support.
20他又領我到寬闊之處;他救拔我,因他喜悅我。He brought me out into the open; He rescued me because He delighted in me.
耶和華按我的公義報答我
21耶和華按著我的公義報答我,按著我手中的清潔賞賜我。The LORD has rewarded me according to my righteousness; He has repaid me according to the cleanness of my hands.
22因為我遵守了耶和華的道,未曾作惡離開我的 神。For I have kept the ways of the LORD and have not wickedly departed from my God.
23他的一切典章常在我面前;他的律例,我也未曾離棄。For all His ordinances are before me; I have not disregarded His statutes.
24我在他面前作了完全人;我也保守自己遠離我的罪孽。And I have been blameless before Him and kept myself from iniquity.
25所以耶和華按我的公義,按我在他眼前的清潔賞賜我。So the LORD has repaid me according to my righteousness, according to my cleanness in His sight.
神怎樣待人
26慈愛的人,你以慈愛待他;完全的人,你以完全待他;To the faithful You show Yourself faithful, to the blameless You show Yourself blameless;
27清潔的人,你以清潔待他;的人,你以彎曲待他。to the pure You show Yourself pure, but to the crooked You show Yourself shrewd.
28困苦的百姓,你必拯救;但你的眼目察看高傲的人,使他降卑。You save an afflicted people, but Your eyes are on the haughty to bring them down.
耶和華是我的燈
29耶和華啊,你是我的燈;耶和華必照明我的黑暗。For You, O LORD, are my lamp; the LORD lights up my darkness.
30我藉著你衝入敵軍,藉著我的 神跳過牆垣。For in You I can charge an army; with my God I can scale a wall.
31至於 神,他的道是完全的;耶和華的話是煉淨的。凡投靠他的,他便作他們的盾牌。As for God, His way is perfect; the word of the LORD is flawless. He is a shield to all who take refuge in Him.
除了耶和華誰是神
32除了耶和華,誰是 神呢?除了我們的 神,誰是磐石呢?For who is God besides the LORD? And who is the Rock except our God?
33神是我堅固的保障;他引導完全人行他的路。God is my strong fortress, and He makes my way clear.
34他使我的腳快如母鹿的蹄,又使我在高處安穩。He makes my feet like those of a deer and stations me upon the heights.
35他教導我的手能以爭戰,甚至我的膀臂能開銅弓。He trains my hands for battle; my arms can bend a bow of bronze.
36你把你的救恩給我作盾牌;你的溫和使我為大。You have given me Your shield of salvation, and Your gentleness exalts me.
37你使我腳下的地步寬闊;我的腳未曾滑跌。You broaden the path beneath me so that my ankles do not give way.
38我追趕我的仇敵,滅絕了他們,未滅以先,我沒有歸回。I pursued my enemies and destroyed them; I did not turn back until they were consumed.
39我滅絕了他們,打傷了他們,使他們不能起來;他們都倒在我的腳下。I devoured and crushed them so they could not rise; they have fallen under my feet.
40因為你曾以力量束我的腰,使我能爭戰;你也使那起來攻擊我的都服在我以下。You have armed me with strength for battle; You have subdued my foes beneath me.
41你又使我的仇敵在我面前轉背逃跑,叫我能以剪除那恨我的人。You have made my enemies retreat before me; I destroyed those who hated me.
42他們仰望,卻無人拯救;就是呼求耶和華,他也不應允。They looked, but there was no one to save them—to the LORD, but He did not answer.
43我搗碎他們,如同地上的灰塵,踐踏他們,四散在地,如同街上的泥土。I ground them as the dust of the earth; I crushed and trampled them like mud in the streets.
44你救我脫離我百姓的爭競,保護我作列國的元首;我素不認識的民必事奉我。You have delivered me from the strife of my people; You have preserved me as the head of nations; a people I had not known shall serve me.
45外邦人要投降我,一聽見我的名聲就必順從我。Foreigners cower before me; when they hear me, they obey me.
46外邦人要,戰戰兢兢地出他們的營寨。Foreigners lose heart and come trembling from their strongholds.
願我的磐石被稱頌
47耶和華是活 神,願我的磐石被人稱頌!願 神─那拯救我的磐石被人尊崇!The LORD lives, and blessed be my Rock! And may God, the Rock of my salvation, be exalted—
48這位 神就是那為我伸冤、使眾民服在我以下的。the God who avenges me and brings down nations beneath me,
49你救我脫離仇敵,又把我舉起,高過那些起來攻擊我的;你救我脫離強暴的人。who frees me from my enemies. You exalt me above my foes; You rescue me from violent men.
50耶和華啊,因此我要在外邦中稱謝你,歌頌你的名。Therefore I will praise You, O LORD, among the nations; I will sing praises to Your name.
51耶和華賜極大的救恩給他所立的王,施慈愛給他的,就是給大衛和他的後裔,直到永遠!Great salvation He brings to His king. He shows loving devotion to His anointed, to David and his descendants forever.”
撒母耳記下 第 23 章
大衛末了的話
1以下是大衛末了的話。耶西的兒子大衛得居高位,是雅各 神所膏的,作以色列的,說:These are the last words of David: “The oracle of David son of Jesse, the oracle of the man raised on high, the one anointed by the God of Jacob, and the sweet psalmist of Israel:
2耶和華的靈藉著我說:他的話在我口中。The Spirit of the LORD spoke through me; His word was on my tongue.
3以色列的 神、以色列的磐石曉諭我說:那以公義治理人民的,敬畏 神執掌權柄,The God of Israel spoke; the Rock of Israel said to me, ‘He who rules the people with justice, who rules in the fear of God,
4他必像日出的晨光,如無雲的清晨,雨後的晴光,使地發生嫩草。is like the light of the morning at sunrise of a cloudless dawn, the glistening after the rain on the sprouting grass of the earth.’
5我家在 神面前並非如此; 神卻與我立永遠的約。這約凡事堅穩,關乎我的一切救恩和我一切所想望的,他豈不為我成就嗎?Is not my house right with God? For He has established with me an everlasting covenant, ordered and secured in every part. Will He not bring about my full salvation and my every desire?
6但匪類都必像荊棘被丟棄;人不敢用手拿它;But the worthless are all like thorns raked aside, for they can never be gathered by hand.
7拿它的人必帶鐵器和槍桿,終久它必被火焚燒。The man who touches them must be armed with iron or with the shaft of a spear. The fire burns them to ashes in the place where they lie.”
摘要
大衛年間因掃羅違約殺基遍人而遭三年饑荒,大衛將掃羅後裔七人交給基遍人處死以贖罪,利斯巴忠心守護屍身,大衛最終妥善安葬掃羅家族,神便垂聽國民的禱告。隨後記載大衛與非利士巨人的爭戰、大衛感恩的頌歌——他以豐富意象讚美耶和華是磐石、山寨、盾牌與拯救者,宣告神按公義賞賜忠心人。最後是大衛末了的話,論及敬畏神的公義治理如晨光雨露,以及神與他所立的永遠之約,並列出跟隨他的勇士名錄。
反思問題
- 當你面對過去(個人或群體)未處理的罪所帶來的後果時,你會如何在公義與憐憫之間尋求平衡?
- 大衛在詩歌中用許多比喻稱呼神(磐石、盾牌、高臺、燈),哪一個比喻最能描述神在你目前處境中的角色?為什麼?
- 大衛的勇士們冒死為他打水,大衛卻將水奠在神面前——這種將最珍貴之物獻給神的態度,如何挑戰你對奉獻與犧牲的理解?
新約約翰福音 2:1–22
前情提要
上回說到
昨天():施洗約翰說自己不是基督,指著耶穌說「看哪,神的羔羊」;安得烈、西門彼得、腓力、拿但業陸續跟從了耶穌,耶穌應許他們要看見「天開了」()。
今天你會讀到
耶穌在加利利迦拿的婚宴上把水變成酒,這是祂行的頭一件神蹟;接著逾越節上耶路撒冷,用繩子做鞭子把做買賣的趕出聖殿,並說「你們拆毀這殿,我三日內要再建立起來」,祂是指自己的身體。
閱讀小提示
約翰福音把耶穌的神蹟看作指向祂身分的記號。留意 說這頭一件神蹟「顯出他的榮耀來」,門徒就信了祂。
點時代可看說明
約翰福音記了好幾次逾越節(、、),傳統因此推算耶穌公開傳道約有三年。其他福音書把潔淨聖殿記在耶穌最後一週,是一次還是兩次,學者看法不一。
約翰福音 第 2 章
迦拿的婚宴
1第三日,在加利利的有娶親的筵席,耶穌的母親在那裡。On the third day a wedding took place at Cana in Galilee. Jesus’ mother was there,
2耶穌和他的門徒也被請去赴席。and Jesus and His disciples had also been invited to the wedding.
3酒用盡了,耶穌的母親對他說:「他們沒有酒了。」When the wine ran out, Jesus’ mother said to Him, “They have no more wine.”
4耶穌說:「(原文是婦人),?我的時候還沒有到。」“Woman, what is that to you and to Me?” Jesus replied. “My hour has not yet come.”
5他母親對用人說:「他告訴你們甚麼,你們就做甚麼。」His mother said to the servants, “Do whatever He tells you.”
水變為酒
6照猶太人,有六口石缸擺在那裡,每口可以盛水。Now six stone water jars had been set there for the Jewish rites of purification. Each could hold from twenty to thirty gallons.
7耶穌對用人說:「把缸倒滿了水。」他們就倒滿了,直到缸口。Jesus told the servants, “Fill the jars with water.” So they filled them to the brim.
8耶穌又說:「現在可以舀出來,送給。」他們就送了去。“Now draw some out,” He said, “and take it to the master of the banquet.” They did so,
9管筵席的嘗了那水變的酒,並不知道是哪裡來的,只有舀水的用人知道。管筵席的便叫新郎來,and the master of the banquet tasted the water that had been turned into wine. He did not know where it was from, but the servants who had drawn the water knew. Then he called the bridegroom aside
10對他說:「人都是先擺上好酒,等客喝足了,才擺上,你倒把好酒留到如今!」and said, “Everyone serves the fine wine first, and then the cheap wine after the guests are drunk. But you have saved the fine wine until now!”
11這是耶穌所行的頭一件,是在加利利的迦拿行的,顯出他的榮耀來;他的門徒就信他了。Jesus performed this, the first of His signs, at Cana in Galilee. He thus revealed His glory, and His disciples believed in Him.
在迦百農住了幾日
12這事以後,耶穌與他的母親、弟兄,和門徒都下去,在那裡住了不多幾日。After this, He went down to Capernaum with His mother and brothers and His disciples, and they stayed there a few days.
潔淨聖殿
13猶太人的近了,耶穌就上耶路撒冷去。When the Jewish Passover was near, Jesus went up to Jerusalem.
14看見殿裡有賣牛、羊、鴿子的,並有坐在那裡,In the temple courts He found men selling cattle, sheep, and doves, and money changers seated at their tables.
15耶穌就拿繩子做成鞭子,把牛羊都趕出殿去,倒出兌換銀錢之人的銀錢,推翻他們的桌子,So He made a whip out of cords and drove all from the temple courts, both sheep and cattle. He poured out the coins of the money changers and overturned their tables.
16又對賣鴿子的說:「把這些東西拿去!不要將我父的殿當作買賣的地方。」To those selling doves He said, “Get these out of here! How dare you turn My Father’s house into a marketplace!”
17他的門徒就想起經上記著說:「我為你的殿。」His disciples remembered that it is written: “Zeal for Your house will consume Me.”
拆毀這殿,三日再建
18因此猶太人問他說:「你既做這些事,還顯甚麼神蹟給我們看呢?」On account of this, the Jews demanded, “What sign can You show us to prove Your authority to do these things?”
19耶穌回答說:「你們拆毀,我三日內要再建立起來。」Jesus answered, “Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up again.”
20猶太人便說:「這殿是才造成的,你三日內就再建立起來嗎?」“This temple took forty-six years to build,” the Jews replied, “and You are going to raise it up in three days?”
21但耶穌這話是以他的身體為殿。But Jesus was speaking about the temple of His body.
22所以到他從死裡復活以後,門徒就想起他說過這話,便信了聖經和耶穌所說的。After He was raised from the dead, His disciples remembered that He had said this. Then they believed the Scripture and the word that Jesus had spoken.
摘要
耶穌在迦拿婚宴上行了第一件神蹟——將水變為酒,顯出祂的榮耀,門徒因此信了祂。之後耶穌上耶路撒冷過逾越節,潔淨聖殿,趕出做買賣的人,宣告不可將父的殿當作交易場所。當猶太人要求祂顯神蹟為證時,耶穌預言自己的死與復活,以身體為殿;雖有許多人因神蹟信祂,耶穌卻不將自己交託他們,因祂深知人心。
反思問題
- 馬利亞對用人說『他告訴你們什麼,你們就做什麼』——在你的生活中,有哪些領域你需要學習這種對耶穌話語的單純順服?
- 耶穌潔淨聖殿,表明對敬拜純潔的看重。反思你的信仰生活中,是否有什麼『買賣』的心態(交換、功利)需要被潔淨?
- 經文說耶穌『知道人心裡所存的』,不輕易將自己交託人。這對你理解與耶穌建立真實關係(而非僅停留在表面信仰)有什麼啟發?