舊約民數記 5:1–6:27
前情提要
上回說到
昨天(3–4 章):神揀選利未人代替以色列人一切頭生的,多出的頭生男子用贖銀贖出;利未的三個宗族革順、哥轄、米拉利各有營地和職分,哥轄人搬運至聖之物,卻不可摸也不可觀看。第 4 章數點三十到五十歲在會幕辦事的利未人。
今天你會讀到
第 5 章講保持營中潔淨:不潔淨的人要出到營外;虧負人的要承認並賠償,另加五分之一;丈夫懷疑妻子不貞時,用「疑恨的素祭」和苦水在耶和華面前判斷。第 6 章講拿細耳人的願,最後是祭司為以色列人祝福的話。
閱讀小提示
是著名的祝福,三句都以「願耶和華」開頭。 說明它的意思:祭司這樣「奉我的名」祝福,神自己就賜福給他們。
點時代可看說明
在西乃山下、出發以前頒布的條例; 這段祝福的文字,曾在耶路撒冷附近出土、約主前七至六世紀的小銀卷上發現,是目前已知最古老的聖經經文抄本之一。
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民數記 第 5 章
不潔淨的人要出到營外
1耶和華曉諭摩西說:Then the LORD said to Moses,
2「你吩咐以色列人,使一切長大痲瘋的,患漏症的,並因死屍不潔淨的,都出營外去。“Command the Israelites to send away from the camp anyone with a skin disease, anyone who has a bodily discharge, and anyone who is defiled by a dead body.
3無論男女都要使他們出到營外,免得污穢他們的營;這營是我所住的。」You must send away male and female alike; send them outside the camp so they will not defile their camp, where I dwell among them.”
4以色列人就這樣行,使他們出到營外。耶和華怎樣吩咐摩西,以色列人就怎樣行了。So the Israelites did this, sending such people outside the camp. They did just as the LORD had instructed Moses.
虧負人要賠還,加五分之一
5耶和華對摩西說:And the LORD said to Moses,
6「你曉諭以色列人說:無論男女,若犯了人所常犯的罪,以致耶和華,那人就有了罪。“Tell the Israelites that when a man or woman acts unfaithfully against the LORD by committing any sin against another, that person is guilty
7他要承認所犯的罪,將所虧負人的,,另外加上五分之一,也歸與所虧負的人。and must confess the sin he has committed. He must make full restitution, add a fifth to its value, and give all this to the one he has wronged.
8那人若沒有親屬可受所賠還的,那所賠還的就要歸與服事耶和華的祭司;至於那為他贖罪的公羊是在外。But if the man has no relative to whom restitution can be made for the wrong, the restitution belongs to the LORD and must be given to the priest along with the ram of atonement, by which the atonement is made for him.
9以色列人一切的聖物中,所奉給祭司的舉祭都要歸與祭司。Every sacred contribution the Israelites bring to the priest shall belong to him.
10各人所分別為聖的物,無論是甚麼,都要歸給祭司。」Each man’s sacred gifts are his own, but whatever he gives to the priest will belong to the priest.”
疑恨的條例
11耶和華對摩西說:Then the LORD said to Moses,
12「你曉諭以色列人說:人的妻若有,得罪她丈夫,“Speak to the Israelites and tell them that if any man’s wife goes astray and is unfaithful to him
13有人與她行淫,事情嚴密,瞞過她丈夫,而且她被玷污,沒有作見證的人,當她行淫的時候也沒有被捉住,by sleeping with another man, and it is concealed from her husband and her impurity is undetected (since there is no witness against her and she was not caught in the act),
14她丈夫生了的心,疑恨她,她是被玷污,或是她丈夫生了疑恨的心,疑恨她,她並沒有被玷污,and if a feeling of jealousy comes over her husband and he suspects his wife who has defiled herself—or if a feeling of jealousy comes over him and he suspects her even though she has not defiled herself—
15這人就要將妻送到祭司那裡,又為她帶著大麥麵伊法十分之一作供物,不可澆上油,也不可加上乳香;因為這是,是思念的素祭,使人思念罪孽。then he is to bring his wife to the priest. He must also bring for her an offering of a tenth of an ephah of barley flour. He is not to pour oil over it or put frankincense on it, because it is a grain offering for jealousy, an offering of memorial as a reminder of iniquity.
祭司使婦人起誓
16「祭司要使那婦人近前來,站在耶和華面前。The priest is to bring the wife forward and have her stand before the LORD.
17祭司要把盛在瓦器裡,又從帳幕的地上取點塵土,放在水中。Then he is to take some holy water in a clay jar and put some of the dust from the tabernacle floor into the water.
18祭司要叫那婦人蓬頭散髮,站在耶和華面前,把思念的素祭,就是疑恨的素祭,放在她手中。祭司手裡拿著致咒詛的苦水,After the priest has the woman stand before the LORD, he is to let down her hair and place in her hands the grain offering of memorial, which is the grain offering for jealousy. The priest is to hold the bitter water that brings a curse.
19要叫婦人起誓,對她說:『若沒有人與你行淫,也未曾背著丈夫做污穢的事,你就免受這致咒詛苦水的災。And he is to put the woman under oath and say to her, ‘If no other man has slept with you and you have not gone astray and become defiled while under your husband’s authority, may you be immune to this bitter water that brings a curse.
20你若背著丈夫行了污穢的事,在你丈夫以外有人與你行淫,But if you have gone astray while under your husband’s authority and have defiled yourself and lain carnally with a man other than your husband’—
21(祭司叫婦人發咒起誓),願耶和華叫你大腿消瘦,肚腹發脹,使你在你民中被人咒詛,成了;and the priest shall have the woman swear under the oath of the curse—‘then may the LORD make you an attested curse among your people by making your thigh shrivel and your belly swell.
22並且這致咒詛的水入你的腸中,要叫你的肚腹發脹,大腿消瘦。』婦人要回答說:『,阿們。』May this water that brings a curse enter your stomach and cause your belly to swell and your thigh to shrivel.’ Then the woman is to say, ‘Amen, Amen.’
喝致咒詛的苦水
23「祭司要寫這咒詛的話,將所寫的字抹在苦水裡,And the priest shall write these curses on a scroll and wash them off into the bitter water.
24又叫婦人喝這致咒詛的苦水;這水要進入她裡面變苦了。He is to have the woman drink the bitter water that brings a curse, and it will enter her and may cause her bitter suffering.
25祭司要從婦人的手中取那疑恨的素祭,在耶和華面前搖一搖,拿到壇前;The priest shall take from her hand the grain offering for jealousy, wave it before the LORD, and bring it to the altar.
26又要從素祭中取出一把,作為這事的紀念,燒在壇上,然後叫婦人喝這水。Then the priest is to take a handful of the grain offering as a memorial portion and burn it on the altar; after that he is to have the woman drink the water.
27叫她喝了以後,她若被玷污,得罪了丈夫,這致咒詛的水必進入她裡面變苦了,她的肚腹就要發脹,大腿就要消瘦,那婦人便要在他民中被人咒詛。When he has made her drink the water, if she has defiled herself and been unfaithful to her husband, then the water that brings a curse will enter her and cause bitter suffering; her belly will swell, her thigh will shrivel, and she will become accursed among her people.
28若婦人沒有被玷污,卻是清潔的,就要免受這災,且要懷孕。But if the woman has not defiled herself and is clean, she will be unaffected and able to conceive children.
疑恨條例的總結
29「妻子背著丈夫行了污穢的事,This is the law of jealousy when a wife goes astray and defiles herself while under her husband’s authority,
30或是人生了疑恨的心,疑恨他的妻,就有這疑恨的條例。那時他要叫婦人站在耶和華面前,祭司要在她身上照這條例而行。or when a feeling of jealousy comes over a husband and he suspects his wife. He is to have the woman stand before the LORD, and the priest is to apply to her this entire law.
31男人就為無罪,婦人必擔當自己的罪孽。」The husband will be free from guilt, but the woman shall bear her iniquity.”
民數記 第 6 章
拿細耳人的願
1耶和華對摩西說:And the LORD said to Moses,
2「你曉諭以色列人說:無論男女許了特別的願,就是的願(拿細耳就是歸主的意思;下同),要離俗歸耶和華。“Speak to the Israelites and tell them that if a man or woman makes a special vow, the vow of a Nazirite, to separate himself to the LORD,
3他就要遠離清酒濃酒,也不可喝甚麼清酒濃酒做的醋;不可喝甚麼葡萄汁,也不可吃鮮葡萄和乾葡萄。he is to abstain from wine and strong drink. He must not drink vinegar made from wine or strong drink, and he must not drink any grape juice or eat fresh grapes or raisins.
4在一切離俗的日子,凡葡萄樹上結的,所做的物,都不可吃。All the days of his separation, he is not to eat anything that comes from the grapevine, not even the seeds or skins.
5「在他一切許願離俗的日子,不可用剃頭刀剃頭,要由長長了。他要聖潔,直到離俗歸耶和華的日子滿了。For the entire period of his vow of separation, no razor shall touch his head. He must be holy until the time of his separation to the LORD is complete; he must let the hair of his head grow long.
6在他離俗歸耶和華的一切日子,不可挨近死屍。Throughout the days of his separation to the LORD, he must not go near a dead body.
7他的父母或是弟兄姊妹死了的時候,他不可因他們使自己不潔淨,因為那離俗歸 神的憑據是在他頭上。Even if his father or mother or brother or sister should die, he is not to defile himself, because the symbol of consecration to his God is upon his head.
8在他一切離俗的日子是歸耶和華為聖。Throughout the time of his separation, he is holy to the LORD.
沾染死屍要重新開始
9「若在他旁邊忽然有人死了,以致沾染了他離俗的頭,他要在第七日,得潔淨的時候,剃頭。If someone suddenly dies in his presence and defiles his consecrated head of hair, he must shave his head on the day of his cleansing—the seventh day.
10第八日,他要把兩隻斑鳩或兩隻雛鴿帶到會幕門口,交給祭司。On the eighth day he must bring two turtledoves or two young pigeons to the priest at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting.
11祭司要獻一隻作贖罪祭,一隻作燔祭,為他贖那因死屍而有的罪,並要當日使他的頭成為聖潔。And the priest is to offer one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering to make atonement for him, because he has sinned by being in the presence of the dead body. On that day he must consecrate his head again.
12他要另選離俗歸耶和華的日子,又要牽一隻一歲的公羊羔來作贖愆祭;但先前的日子要,因為他在離俗之間被玷污了。He must rededicate his time of separation to the LORD and bring a year-old male lamb as a guilt offering. But the preceding days shall not be counted, because his separation was defiled.
離俗的日子滿了
13「拿細耳人滿了離俗的日子乃有這條例:人要領他到會幕門口,Now this is the law of the Nazirite when his time of separation is complete: He must be brought to the entrance to the Tent of Meeting,
14他要將供物奉給耶和華,就是一隻沒有殘疾、一歲的公羊羔作燔祭,一隻沒有殘疾、一歲的母羊羔作贖罪祭,和一隻沒有殘疾的公綿羊作平安祭,and he is to present an offering to the LORD of an unblemished year-old male lamb as a burnt offering, an unblemished year-old female lamb as a sin offering, and an unblemished ram as a peace offering—
15並一筐子無酵調油的細麵餅,與抹油的無酵薄餅,並同獻的素祭和奠祭。together with their grain offerings and drink offerings—and a basket of unleavened cakes made from fine flour mixed with oil and unleavened wafers coated with oil.
16祭司要在耶和華面前獻那人的贖罪祭和燔祭;The priest is to present all these before the LORD and make the sin offering and the burnt offering.
17也要把那隻公羊和那筐無酵餅獻給耶和華作平安祭,又要將同獻的素祭和奠祭獻上。He shall also offer the ram as a peace offering to the LORD, along with the basket of unleavened bread. And the priest is to offer the accompanying grain offering and drink offering.
18拿細耳人要在會幕門口剃離俗的頭,把離俗頭上的髮放在平安祭下的火上。Then at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting, the Nazirite is to shave his consecrated head, take the hair, and put it on the fire under the peace offering.
19他剃了以後,祭司就要取那已煮的公羊一條前腿,又從筐子裡取一個無酵餅和一個無酵薄餅,都放在他手上。And the priest is to take the boiled shoulder from the ram, one unleavened cake from the basket, and one unleavened wafer, and put them into the hands of the Nazirite who has just shaved the hair of his consecration.
20祭司要拿這些作為搖祭,在耶和華面前搖一搖;這與所搖的胸、所舉的腿同為聖物,歸給祭司。然後拿細耳人可以喝酒。The priest shall then wave them as a wave offering before the LORD. This is a holy portion for the priest, in addition to the breast of the wave offering and the thigh that was presented. After that, the Nazirite may drink wine.
21「許願的拿細耳人為離俗所獻的供物,和他以外所能得的獻給耶和華,就有這條例。他怎樣許願就當照離俗的條例行。」This is the law of the Nazirite who vows his offering to the LORD for his separation, in addition to whatever else he can afford; he must fulfill whatever vow he makes, according to the law of his separation.”
祭司的祝福
22耶和華曉諭摩西說:Then the LORD said to Moses,
23「你告訴亞倫和他兒子說:你們要這樣為以色列人祝福,說:“Tell Aaron and his sons: This is how you are to bless the Israelites. Say to them:
24『願耶和華賜福給你,保護你。‘May the LORD bless you and keep you;
25願耶和華,賜恩給你。may the LORD cause His face to shine upon you and be gracious to you;
26願耶和華向你,賜你。』may the LORD lift up His countenance toward you and give you peace.’
27他們要如此奉我的名為以色列人祝福;我也要賜福給他們。」So they shall put My name on the Israelites, and I will bless them.”
摘要
民數記第五至六章記載三方面的條例:首先是維持營地聖潔的規定,要求不潔淨者出營外,以及對虧負他人者要求認罪賠償;其次是處理丈夫疑恨妻子不忠的「苦水試驗」條例,藉祭司在神面前的儀式來判明真相。第六章則頒布拿細耳人離俗歸神的條例,包括禁酒、不剃髮、遠離死屍等要求,並以亞倫祝福的經典禱詞作結——願耶和華賜福、光照、賜平安。
反思問題
- 在神要求不潔者出營外這件事上,你如何理解神對聖潔的重視?這對你在日常生活中追求聖潔有什麼啟發?
- 拿細耳人自願離俗歸神,為信仰甘願放棄某些享受。你是否曾為了更專注於神而自願放下某些事物?那段經歷如何影響了你與神的關係?
- 亞倫祝福(民六24-26)強調神的賜福、光照與平安。在你目前的生活處境中,你最渴望經歷神哪一方面的祝福?為什麼?
新約馬可福音 6:30–56
前情提要
上回說到
昨天():耶穌在家鄉拿撒勒被厭棄,祂「詫異他們不信」;祂差遣十二個門徒兩個兩個地出去傳道、趕鬼、醫病。馬可也補敘施洗約翰因責備希律娶兄弟的妻子而被關進監裡,最後在希律的生日筵席上被斬。
今天你會讀到
使徒回來報告,耶穌帶他們到曠野歇息,群眾卻趕在前面;耶穌憐憫他們,用五個餅、兩條魚餵飽五千人。當晚門徒在海上逆風搖櫓,耶穌在海面上走過去;最後在革尼撒勒,凡摸著祂衣裳繸子的人都好了。
閱讀小提示
留意 :耶穌看見群眾「如同羊沒有牧人一般」,就憐憫他們,先教訓他們許多道理,然後才餵飽他們。舊約也常把神的百姓比作需要牧人的羊(、結 34 章)。
點時代可看說明
約在主後 29 年逾越節前後(參 );餵飽五千人是四福音都記載的神蹟。
馬可福音 第 6 章
使徒回來,到曠野歇息
30聚集到耶穌那裡,將一切所做的事、所傳的道全告訴他。Meanwhile, the apostles gathered around Jesus and brought Him news of all they had done and taught.
31他就說:「你們來,同我到曠野地方去歇一歇。」這是因為來往的人多,他們連吃飯也沒有。And He said to them, “Come with Me privately to a solitary place, and let us rest for a while.” For many people were coming and going, and they did not even have time to eat.
32他們就坐船,暗暗地往曠野地方去。So they went away in a boat by themselves to a solitary place.
群眾趕在前面,耶穌憐憫他們
33眾人看見他們去,有許多認識他們的,就從各城步行,一同跑到那裡,比他們先趕到了。But many people saw them leaving and recognized them. They ran together on foot from all the towns and arrived before them.
34耶穌出來,見有許多的人,就憐憫他們,因為他們如同羊沒有牧人一般,於是開口教訓他們許多道理。When Jesus stepped ashore and saw a large crowd, He had compassion on them, because they were like sheep without a shepherd. And He began to teach them many things.
天晚了,眾人沒有吃的
35天已經晚了,門徒進前來,說:「這是野地,天已經晚了,By now the hour was already late. So the disciples came to Jesus and said, “This is a desolate place, and the hour is already late.
36請叫眾人散開,他們好往四面鄉村裡去,自己買甚麼吃。」Dismiss the crowd so they can go to the surrounding countryside and villages and buy themselves something to eat.”
37耶穌回答說:「你們給他們吃吧。」門徒說:「我們可以去買的餅給他們吃嗎?」But Jesus told them, “You give them something to eat.” They asked Him, “Should we go out and spend two hundred denarii to give all of them bread to eat?”
38耶穌說:「你們有多少餅,可以去看看。」他們知道了,就說:「五個餅,兩條魚。」“Go and see how many loaves you have,” He told them. And after checking, they said, “Five—and two fish.”
五餅二魚餵飽五千人
39耶穌吩咐他們,叫眾人地坐在青草地上。Then Jesus directed them to have the people sit in groups on the green grass.
40眾人就地坐下,有一百一排的,有五十一排的。So they sat down in groups of hundreds and fifties.
41耶穌拿著這五個餅,兩條魚,望著天祝福,,遞給門徒,擺在眾人面前,也把那兩條魚分給眾人。Taking the five loaves and the two fish and looking up to heaven, Jesus spoke a blessing and broke the loaves. Then He gave them to His disciples to set before the people. And He divided the two fish among them all.
42他們都吃,並且吃飽了。They all ate and were satisfied,
43門徒就把碎餅碎魚收拾起來,裝滿了十二個籃子。and the disciples picked up twelve basketfuls of broken pieces of bread and fish.
44吃餅的男人共有五千。And there were five thousand men who had eaten the loaves.
耶穌獨自上山禱告
45耶穌隨即催門徒上船,先渡到那邊去,等他叫眾人散開。Immediately Jesus made His disciples get into the boat and go on ahead of Him to Bethsaida, while He dismissed the crowd.
46他既了他們,就往山上去禱告。After bidding them farewell, He went up on the mountain to pray.
在海面上行走
47到了晚上,船在海中,耶穌獨自在岸上;When evening came, the boat was in the middle of the sea, and Jesus was alone on land.
48看見門徒因風不順,甚苦。夜裡約有,就在海面上走,往他們那裡去,意思要。He could see that the disciples were straining to row, because the wind was against them. About the fourth watch of the night, Jesus went out to them, walking on the sea. He intended to pass by them,
49但門徒看見他在海面上走,以為是,就喊叫起來;but when they saw Him walking on the sea, they cried out, thinking He was a ghost—
50因為他們都看見了他,且甚驚慌。耶穌連忙對他們說:「你們放心!,不要怕!」for they all saw Him and were terrified. But Jesus spoke up at once: “Take courage! It is I. Do not be afraid.”
51於是到他們那裡,上了船,風就住了;他們心裡十分驚奇。Then He climbed into the boat with them, and the wind died down. And the disciples were utterly astounded,
52這是因為他們不明白那分餅的事,心裡還是。for they had not understood about the loaves, but their hearts had been hardened.
在革尼撒勒醫治病人
53既渡過去,來到地方,就靠了岸,When they had crossed over, they landed at Gennesaret and moored the boat.
54一下船,眾人認得是耶穌,As soon as they got out of the boat, the people recognized Jesus
55就跑遍那一帶地方,聽見他在何處,便將有病的人用褥子抬到那裡。and ran through that whole region, carrying the sick on mats to wherever they heard He was.
56凡耶穌所到的地方,或村中,或城裡,或鄉間,他們都將病人放在街市上,求耶穌只容他們摸他的;凡摸著的人就都好了。And wherever He went—villages and towns and countrysides—they laid the sick in the marketplaces and begged Him just to let them touch the fringe of His cloak. And all who touched Him were healed.
摘要
馬可福音第六章下半段記載了幾個重要事件:門徒傳道歸來後,耶穌邀他們退到曠野安息,卻因眾人蜂擁而至,耶穌憐憫他們如同無牧人的羊,以五餅二魚餵飽五千人。隨後耶穌催門徒渡海,自己上山禱告,在四更天於海面行走,平息門徒的驚恐與風浪。到了革尼撒勒,眾人認出耶穌,凡摸著他衣裳繸子的病人都得了醫治。
反思問題
- 耶穌在忙碌的服事中仍刻意退到安靜處禱告休息。你在繁忙的生活中,如何為自己安排與神獨處、恢復靈力的時間?
- 五餅二魚的神蹟中,門徒起初覺得資源不足以應付需要。你是否曾面對看似不夠用的資源?回顧那段經歷,神如何供應了你的需要?
- 門徒目睹五餅二魚的神蹟後,在海上遇見耶穌行走仍然驚恐,經文說『他們不明白那分餅的事,心裡還是愚頑』。你覺得過去神的作為如何幫助你面對當下的挑戰?有哪些神蹟或恩典是你容易遺忘的?