今日讀經

舊約 利未記 18:1–20:27
新約 馬可福音 2:1–3:6

第 48 / 365 天 · 約 11 分鐘

舊約利未記 18:1–20:27

前情提要

上回說到

昨天(15–17 章):第 15 章講身體排出物帶來的不潔淨;第 16 章是一年一次的贖罪日,大祭司帶血進入幔子內,又把百姓的罪歸在一隻活羊頭上,送到曠野;第 17 章說「活物的生命是在血中」(),所以獻祭要到會幕門口,也不可吃血。

今天你會讀到

第 18 章列出禁止的亂倫和性關係,提醒以色列不可效法埃及和迦南的惡俗;第 19 章把「要聖潔」落實到孝敬父母、照顧窮人、誠實、公正、愛鄰舍和外人等生活細節;第 20 章說明違反這些誡命的刑罰。

閱讀小提示

留意 「要愛人如己」:耶穌說這是第二大的誡命()。 更進一步,對寄居的外人也要「愛他如己」,因為以色列人自己也在埃及作過寄居的。

點時代可看說明

學者常把利未記 17–26 章稱為聖潔法典,因為這幾章一再強調「你們要聖潔」,並常以「我是耶和華」作結。

點經節可選取,長按即複製點經節可選取,按 Ctrl+C⌘C 複製

利未記 第 18 章

不可效法埃及和迦南的惡俗

1耶和華對摩西說:Then the LORD said to Moses,

2「你曉諭以色列人說:我是耶和華─你們的 神。“Speak to the Israelites and tell them: I am the LORD your God.

3你們從前住的埃及地,那裡人的行為,你們不可效法,我要領你們到的迦南地,那裡人的行為也不可效法,也不可照他們的行。You must not follow the practices of the land of Egypt, where you used to live, and you must not follow the practices of the land of Canaan, into which I am bringing you. You must not walk in their customs.

4你們要遵我的典章,守我的律例,按此而行。我是耶和華─你們的 神。You are to practice My judgments and keep My statutes by walking in them. I am the LORD your God.

5所以,你們要守我的律例典章;人若遵行,就必因此活著。我是耶和華。Keep My statutes and My judgments, for the man who does these things will live by them. I am the LORD.

禁止亂倫

6「你們都不可露的下體,親近他們。我是耶和華。None of you are to approach any close relative to have sexual relations. I am the LORD.

7不可露你母親的,羞辱了你父親。她是你的母親,不可露她的下體。You must not expose the nakedness of your father by having sexual relations with your mother. She is your mother; you must not have sexual relations with her.

8不可露你繼母的下體;這本是你父親的下體。You must not have sexual relations with your father’s wife; it would dishonor your father.

9你的姊妹,不拘是異母同父的,是異父同母的,無論是生在家生在外的,都不可露她們的下體。You must not have sexual relations with your sister, either your father’s daughter or your mother’s daughter, whether she was born in the same home or elsewhere.

10不可露你孫女或是外孫女的下體,露了她們的下體就是露了自己的下體。You must not have sexual relations with your son’s daughter or your daughter’s daughter, for that would shame your family.

11你繼母從你父親生的女兒本是你的妹妹,不可露她的下體。You must not have sexual relations with the daughter of your father’s wife, born to your father; she is your sister.

12不可露你姑母的下體;她是你父親的骨肉之親。You must not have sexual relations with your father’s sister; she is your father’s close relative.

13不可露你姨母的下體;她是你母親的骨肉之親。You must not have sexual relations with your mother’s sister, for she is your mother’s close relative.

14不可親近你伯叔之妻,羞辱了你伯叔;她是你的伯叔母。You must not dishonor your father’s brother by approaching his wife to have sexual relations with her; she is your aunt.

15不可露你兒婦的下體;她是你兒子的妻,不可露她的下體。You must not have sexual relations with your daughter-in-law. She is your son’s wife; you are not to have sexual relations with her.

16不可露你弟兄妻子的下體;這本是你弟兄的下體。You must not have sexual relations with your brother’s wife; that would shame your brother.

17不可露了婦人的下體,又露她女兒的下體,也不可娶她孫女或是外孫女,露她們的下體;她們是骨肉之親,這本是大惡。You must not have sexual relations with both a woman and her daughter. You are not to marry her son’s daughter or her daughter’s daughter and have sexual relations with her. They are close relatives; it is depraved.

18你妻還在的時候,不可另娶她的姊妹作,露她的下體。You must not take your wife’s sister as a rival wife and have sexual relations with her while your wife is still alive.

其他禁止的行為與摩洛祭

19「女人行經不潔淨的時候,不可露她的下體,與她親近。You must not approach a woman to have sexual relations with her during her menstrual period.

20不可與鄰舍的妻行淫,玷污自己。You must not lie carnally with your neighbor’s wife and thus defile yourself with her.

21不可使你的兒女經火歸與,也不可褻瀆你 神的名。我是耶和華。You must not give any of your children to be sacrificed to Molech, for you must not profane the name of your God. I am the LORD.

22不可與男人苟合,像與女人一樣;這本是可憎惡的。You must not lie with a man as with a woman; that is an abomination.

23不可與獸淫合,玷污自己。女人也不可站在獸前,與牠淫合;這本是逆性的事。You must not lie carnally with any animal, thus defiling yourself with it; a woman must not stand before an animal to mate with it; that is a perversion.

地要吐出污穢的居民

24「在這一切的事上,你們都不可玷污自己;因為我在你們面前所逐出的列邦,在這一切的事上玷污了自己;Do not defile yourselves by any of these practices, for by all these things the nations I am driving out before you have defiled themselves.

25連地也玷污了,所以我追討那地的罪孽,那地也它的居民。Even the land has become defiled, so I am punishing it for its sin, and the land will vomit out its inhabitants.

26故此,你們要守我的律例典章。這一切可憎惡的事,無論是本地人,是寄居在你們中間的外人,都不可行,But you are to keep My statutes and ordinances, and you must not commit any of these abominations—neither your native-born nor the foreigner who lives among you.

27(在你們以先居住那地的人行了這一切可憎惡的事,地就玷污了,)For the men who were in the land before you committed all these abominations, and the land has become defiled.

28免得你們玷污那地的時候,地就把你們吐出,像吐出在你們以先的國民一樣。So if you defile the land, it will vomit you out as it spewed out the nations before you.

29無論甚麼人,行了其中可憎的一件事,必從民中剪除。Therefore anyone who commits any of these abominations must be cut off from among his people.

30所以,你們要守我所吩咐的,免得你們隨從那些可憎的惡俗,就是在你們以先的人所常行的,以致玷污了自己。我是耶和華─你們的 神。」You must keep My charge not to practice any of the abominable customs that were practiced before you, so that you do not defile yourselves by them. I am the LORD your God.”

利未記 第 19 章

你們要聖潔

1耶和華對摩西說:Then the LORD said to Moses,

2「你曉諭以色列全會眾說:你們要聖潔,因為我耶和華─你們的 神是聖潔的。“Speak to the whole congregation of Israel and tell them: Be holy because I, the LORD your God, am holy.

3你們各人都當孝敬父母,也要守我的安息日。我是耶和華─你們的 神。Each of you must respect his mother and father, and you must keep My Sabbaths. I am the LORD your God.

4你們不可偏向虛無的神,也不可為自己鑄造神像。我是耶和華─你們的 神。Do not turn to idols or make for yourselves molten gods. I am the LORD your God.

5「你們獻平安祭給耶和華的時候,要獻得可蒙悅納。When you sacrifice a peace offering to the LORD, you shall offer it for your acceptance.

6這祭物要在獻的那一天和第二天吃,若有剩到第三天的,就必用火焚燒。It shall be eaten on the day you sacrifice it, or on the next day; but what remains on the third day must be burned up.

7第三天若再吃,這就為可憎惡的,必不蒙悅納。If any of it is eaten on the third day, it is tainted and will not be accepted.

8凡吃的人必擔當他的罪孽;因為他褻瀆了耶和華的聖物,那人必從民中剪除。Whoever eats it will bear his iniquity, for he has profaned what is holy to the LORD. That person must be cut off from his people.

留下田角給窮人

9「在你們的地收割莊稼,不可割盡,也不可拾取所遺落的。When you reap the harvest of your land, you are not to reap to the very edges of your field or gather the gleanings of your harvest.

10不可摘盡葡萄園的果子,也不可拾取葡萄園所掉的果子;要留給窮人和寄居的。我是耶和華你─們的 神。You must not strip your vineyard bare or gather its fallen grapes. Leave them for the poor and the foreigner. I am the LORD your God.

誠實與公正

11「你們不可偷盜,不可欺騙,也不可彼此說謊。You must not steal. You must not lie or deceive one another.

12不可指著我的名起假誓,褻瀆你 神的名。我是耶和華。You must not swear falsely by My name and so profane the name of your God. I am the LORD.

13「不可欺壓你的鄰舍,也不可搶奪他的物。,不可在你那裡過夜,留到早晨。You must not defraud your neighbor or rob him. You must not withhold until morning the wages due a hired hand.

14不可咒罵聾子,也不可將放在瞎子面前,只要敬畏你的 神。我是耶和華。You must not curse the deaf or place a stumbling block before the blind, but you shall fear your God. I am the LORD.

15「你們施行審判,不可行不義;不可偏護窮人,也不可重看有勢力的人,只要按著公義審判你的鄰舍。You must not pervert justice; you must not show partiality to the poor or favoritism to the rich; you are to judge your neighbor fairly.

16不可在民中往來,也不可與鄰舍為敵,置之於死(原文是流他的血)。我是耶和華。You must not go about spreading slander among your people. You must not endanger the life of your neighbor. I am the LORD.

要愛人如己

17「不可心裡恨你的弟兄;總要你的鄰舍,免得因他擔罪。You must not harbor hatred against your brother in your heart. Directly rebuke your neighbor, so that you will not incur guilt on account of him.

18不可報仇,也不可埋怨你本國的子民,卻要愛人如己。我是耶和華。Do not seek revenge or bear a grudge against any of your people, but love your neighbor as yourself. I am the LORD.

不可攙雜

19「你們要守我的律例。不可叫你的牲畜與異類配合;不可用兩樣的種種你的地,也不可用兩樣攙雜的料做衣服穿在身上。You are to keep My statutes. You shall not crossbreed two different kinds of livestock; you shall not sow your fields with two kinds of seed; and you shall not wear clothing made of two kinds of material.

20「婢女許配了丈夫,還沒有被贖、得釋放,人若與她行淫,二人要受刑罰,卻不把他們治死,因為婢女還沒有得自由。If a man lies carnally with a slave girl promised to another man but who has not been redeemed or given her freedom, there must be due punishment. But they are not to be put to death, because she had not been freed.

21那人要把贖愆祭,就是一隻公綿羊牽到會幕門口、耶和華面前。The man, however, must bring a ram to the entrance to the Tent of Meeting as his guilt offering to the LORD.

22祭司要用贖愆祭的羊在耶和華面前贖他所犯的罪,他的罪就必蒙赦免。The priest shall make atonement on his behalf before the LORD with the ram of the guilt offering for the sin he has committed, and he will be forgiven the sin he has committed.

23「你們到了迦南地,栽種各樣結果子的樹木,就要以所結的果子如未受割禮的一樣。三年之久,你們要以這些果子,如未受割禮的,是不可吃的。When you enter the land and plant any kind of tree for food, you shall regard the fruit as forbidden. For three years it will be forbidden to you and must not be eaten.

24但第四年所結的果子全要成為聖,用以讚美耶和華。In the fourth year all its fruit must be consecrated as a praise offering to the LORD.

25第五年,你們要吃那樹上的果子,好叫樹給你們結果子更多。我是耶和華─你們的 神。But in the fifth year you may eat its fruit; thus your harvest will be increased. I am the LORD your God.

不可用法術,不可在身上劃刺

26「你們不可吃帶血的物;不可用法術,也不可觀兆。You must not eat anything with blood still in it. You must not practice divination or sorcery.

27(或譯:兩鬢)不可剃,鬍鬚的周圍也不可損壞。You must not cut off the hair at the sides of your head or clip off the edges of your beard.

28不可為死人用刀劃身,也不可在身上刺花紋。我是耶和華。You must not make any cuts in your bodies for the dead or put tattoo marks on yourselves. I am the LORD.

29「不可辱沒你的女兒,使她為娼妓,恐怕地上的人專向淫亂,地就滿了大惡。You must not defile your daughter by making her a prostitute, or the land will be prostituted and filled with depravity.

30你們要守我的安息日,敬我的聖所。我是耶和華。You must keep My Sabbaths and have reverence for My sanctuary. I am the LORD.

31「不可偏向那些;不可求問他們,以致被他們玷污了。我是耶和華─你們的 神。You must not turn to mediums or spiritists; do not seek them out, or you will be defiled by them. I am the LORD your God.

尊敬老人、善待外人、公道秤

32「在白髮的人面前,你要站起來;也要尊敬老人,又要敬畏你的 神。我是耶和華。You are to rise in the presence of the elderly, honor the aged, and fear your God. I am the LORD.

33「若有外人在你們國中和你同居,就不可欺負他。When a foreigner resides with you in your land, you must not oppress him.

34和你們同居的外人,你們要看他如本地人一樣,並要愛他如己,因為你們在埃及地也作過寄居的。我是耶和華─你們的 神。You must treat the foreigner living among you as native-born and love him as yourself, for you were foreigners in the land of Egypt. I am the LORD your God.

35「你們施行審判,不可行不義;在尺、秤、升、斗上也是如此。You must not use dishonest measures of length, weight, or volume.

36要用公道天平、公道、公道升斗、公道秤。我是耶和華─你們的 神,曾把你們從埃及地領出來的。You shall maintain honest scales and weights, an honest ephah, and an honest hin. I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt.

37你們要謹守遵行我一切的律例典章。我是耶和華。」You must keep all My statutes and all My ordinances and follow them. I am the LORD.”

利未記 第 20 章

獻兒女給摩洛的刑罰

1耶和華對摩西說:Then the LORD said to Moses,

2「你還要曉諭以色列人說:凡以色列人,或是在以色列中寄居的外人,把自己的兒女獻給摩洛的,總要治死他;本地人要用石頭把他打死。“Tell the Israelites, ‘Any Israelite or foreigner living in Israel who gives any of his children to Molech must be put to death. The people of the land are to stone him.

3我也要向那人變臉,把他從民中剪除;因為他把兒女獻給摩洛,玷污我的聖所,褻瀆我的聖名。And I will set My face against that man and cut him off from his people, because by giving his offspring to Molech, he has defiled My sanctuary and profaned My holy name.

4那人把兒女獻給摩洛,本地人若,不把他治死,And if the people of the land ever hide their eyes and fail to put to death the man who gives one of his children to Molech,

5我就要向這人和他的家變臉,把他和一切隨他與摩洛行邪淫的人都從民中剪除。then I will set My face against that man and his family and cut off from among their people both him and all who follow him in prostituting themselves with Molech.

6「人偏向交鬼的和行巫術的,隨他們行邪淫,我要向那人變臉,把他從民中剪除。Whoever turns to mediums or spiritists to prostitute himself with them, I will also set My face against that person and cut him off from his people.

7所以你們要自潔成聖,因為我是耶和華─你們的 神。Consecrate yourselves, therefore, and be holy, because I am the LORD your God.

8你們要謹守遵行我的律例;我是叫你們成聖的耶和華。And you shall keep My statutes and practice them. I am the LORD who sanctifies you.

咒罵父母與淫亂的刑罰

9凡咒罵父母的,總要治死他;他咒罵了父母,他的罪(原文是血;本章同)要歸到他身上。If anyone curses his father or mother, he must be put to death. He has cursed his father or mother; his blood shall be upon him.

10「與鄰舍之妻行淫的,姦夫淫婦都必治死。If a man commits adultery with another man’s wife—with the wife of his neighbor—both the adulterer and the adulteress must surely be put to death.

11與繼母行淫的,就是羞辱了他父親,總要把他們二人治死,罪要歸到他們身上。If a man lies with his father’s wife, he has uncovered his father’s nakedness. Both must surely be put to death; their blood is upon them.

12與兒婦同房的,總要把他們二人治死;他們行了逆倫的事,罪要歸到他們身上。If a man lies with his daughter-in-law, both must surely be put to death. They have acted perversely; their blood is upon them.

13人若與男人苟合,像與女人一樣,他們二人行了可憎的事,總要把他們治死,罪要歸到他們身上。If a man lies with a man as with a woman, they have both committed an abomination. They must surely be put to death; their blood is upon them.

14人若娶妻,並娶其母,便是大惡,要把這三人用火焚燒,使你們中間免去大惡。If a man marries both a woman and her mother, it is depraved. Both he and they must be burned in the fire, so that there will be no depravity among you.

15人若與獸淫合,總要治死他,也要殺那獸。If a man lies carnally with an animal, he must be put to death. And you are also to kill the animal.

16女人若與獸親近,與牠淫合,你要殺那女人和那獸,總要把他們治死,罪要歸到他們身上。If a woman approaches any animal to mate with it, you must kill both the woman and the animal. They must surely be put to death; their blood is upon them.

17「人若娶他的姊妹,無論是異母同父的,是異父同母的,彼此見了下體,這是可恥的事;他們必在本民的眼前被剪除。他露了姊妹的下體,必擔當自己的罪孽。If a man marries his sister, whether the daughter of his father or of his mother, and they have sexual relations, it is a disgrace. They must be cut off in the sight of their people. He has uncovered the nakedness of his sister; he shall bear his iniquity.

18婦人有月經,若與她同房,露了她的下體,就是露了婦人的血源,婦人也露了自己的血源,二人必從民中剪除。If a man lies with a menstruating woman and has sexual relations with her, he has exposed the source of her flow, and she has uncovered the source of her blood. Both of them must be cut off from among their people.

19不可露姨母或是姑母的下體,這是露了骨肉之親的下體;二人必擔當自己的罪孽。You must not have sexual relations with the sister of your mother or your father, for it is exposing one’s own kin; both shall bear their iniquity.

20人若與伯叔之妻同房,就羞辱了他的伯叔;二人要擔當自己的罪,必無子女而死。If a man lies with his uncle’s wife, he has uncovered the nakedness of his uncle. They will bear their sin; they shall die childless.

21人若娶弟兄之妻,這本是污穢的事,羞辱了他的弟兄;二人必無子女。If a man marries his brother’s wife, it is an act of impurity. He has uncovered the nakedness of his brother; they shall be childless.

要與萬民有分別

22「所以,你們要謹守遵行我一切的律例典章,免得我領你們去住的那地把你們吐出。You are therefore to keep all My statutes and ordinances, so that the land where I am bringing you to live will not vomit you out.

23我在你們面前所逐出的國民,你們不可隨從他們的風俗;因為他們行了這一切的事,所以我厭惡他們。You must not follow the statutes of the nations I am driving out before you. Because they did all these things, I abhorred them.

24但我對你們說過,你們要承受他們的地,就是我要賜給你們為業、流奶與蜜之地。我是耶和華─你們的 神,使你們與萬民有分別的。But I have told you that you will inherit their land, since I will give it to you as an inheritance—a land flowing with milk and honey. I am the LORD your God, who has set you apart from the peoples.

25所以,你們要把潔淨和不潔淨的禽獸分別出來;不可因我給你們分為不潔淨的禽獸,或是滋生在地上的活物,使自己成為可憎惡的。You are therefore to distinguish between clean and unclean animals and birds. Do not become contaminated by any animal or bird, or by anything that crawls on the ground; I have set these apart as unclean for you.

26你們要歸我為聖,因為我─耶和華是聖的,並叫你們與萬民有分別,使你們作我的民。You are to be holy to Me because I, the LORD, am holy, and I have set you apart from the nations to be My own.

27「無論男女,是交鬼的或行巫術的,總要治死他們。人必用石頭把他們打死,罪要歸到他們身上。」A man or a woman who is a medium or spiritist must surely be put to death. They shall be stoned; their blood is upon them.’”

摘要

利未記18至20章記載耶和華頒布聖潔法典,涵蓋性倫理禁令、社會公義準則與刑罰條例。第18章禁止亂倫、獻兒女給摩洛、同性性行為及人獸交合等迦南惡俗;第19章以「你們要聖潔」為核心,教導孝敬父母、留穗濟貧、誠實公義、愛人如己、尊敬長者及善待寄居者等日常生活律例;第20章則列明違反這些律例的具體刑罰,強調以色列民要與列國有分別,歸耶和華為聖潔的子民。

反思問題

  1. 神反覆宣告「我是耶和華你們的神」,這句話如何成為遵行誡命的根本動機?在你的生活中,「神是誰」這個認知如何影響你的道德抉擇?
  2. 第19章涵蓋對窮人的關懷、誠實經商、公正審判與愛鄰舍如己——這些律例顯示聖潔不僅是禮儀層面,更是社會層面的。你目前的生活中,哪個領域最需要活出這種實際的聖潔?
  3. 神要求以色列人與迦南列國的風俗有分別。身處當今文化中,你如何分辨哪些是需要抵擋的世俗價值觀,同時又不落入自義或與人隔絕的陷阱?

新約馬可福音 2:1–3:6

前情提要

上回說到

昨天():耶穌在迦百農的會堂趕出污鬼,醫好西門的岳母和許多病人;天未亮就到曠野禱告,然後往各鄉村傳道。最後祂伸手摸一個長大痲瘋的人,使他潔淨。

今天你會讀到

耶穌赦免癱子的罪,又叫他起來行走;呼召稅吏利未,和稅吏、罪人一同吃飯;回答為甚麼門徒不禁食;為門徒在安息日掐麥穗辯護;最後在安息日醫好一個枯乾了手的人。法利賽人開始商議要除滅祂。

閱讀小提示

有五段衝突,反對一段比一段強烈:從文士心裡議論(),到質問門徒和耶穌(、、),再到窺探耶穌(),最後商議怎樣除滅祂()。

點時代可看說明

耶穌在加利利傳道的早期,約在主後 28 年;宗教領袖的敵意已經開始出現。

馬可福音 第 2 章

四個人拆房頂抬來癱子

1過了些日子,耶穌又進了迦百農。人聽見他在房子裡,A few days later Jesus went back to Capernaum. And when the people heard that He was home,

2就有許多人聚集,甚至連門前都沒有空地;耶穌就對他們講道。they gathered in such large numbers that there was no more room, not even outside the door, as Jesus spoke the word to them.

3有人帶著一個癱子來見耶穌,是用四個人抬來的;Then a paralytic was brought to Him, carried by four men.

4因為人多,不得近前,就把耶穌所在的房子,拆了房頂,既拆通了,就把癱子連所躺臥的都下來。Since they were unable to get to Jesus through the crowd, they uncovered the roof above Him, made an opening, and lowered the paralytic on his mat.

5耶穌見他們的信心,就對癱子說:「,你的罪赦了。」When Jesus saw their faith, He said to the paralytic, “Son, your sins are forgiven.”

誰能赦罪

6有幾個文士坐在那裡,心裡議論,說:But some of the scribes were sitting there and thinking in their hearts,

7「這個人為甚麼這樣說呢?他說的話了。除了 神以外,誰能赦罪呢?」“Why does this man speak like this? He is blaspheming! Who can forgive sins but God alone?”

8耶穌心中知道他們心裡這樣議論,就說:「你們心裡為甚麼這樣議論呢?At once Jesus knew in His spirit that they were thinking this way within themselves. “Why are you thinking these things in your hearts?” He asked.

9或對癱子說『你的罪赦了』,或說『起來!拿你的褥子行走』;哪一樣容易呢?“Which is easier: to say to a paralytic, ‘Your sins are forgiven,’ or to say, ‘Get up, pick up your mat, and walk’?

10但要叫你們知道,人子在地上有赦罪的權柄。」就對癱子說:But so that you may know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins...” He said to the paralytic,

11「我吩咐你,起來!拿你的褥子回家去吧。」“I tell you, get up, pick up your mat, and go home.”

12那人就起來,立刻拿著褥子,當眾人面前出去了,以致眾人都驚奇,歸榮耀與 神,說:「我們從來沒有見過這樣的事!」And immediately the man got up, picked up his mat, and walked out in front of them all. As a result, they were all astounded and glorified God, saying, “We have never seen anything like this!”

呼召利未

13耶穌又出到海邊去,眾人都就了他來,他便教訓他們。Once again Jesus went out beside the sea. All the people came to Him, and He taught them there.

14耶穌經過的時候,看見亞勒腓的兒子坐在上,就對他說:「你跟從我來。」他就起來,跟從了耶穌。As He was walking along, He saw Levi son of Alphaeus sitting at the tax booth. “Follow Me,” He told him, and Levi got up and followed Him.

與稅吏和罪人一同吃飯

15耶穌在利未家裡坐席的時候,有好些稅吏和罪人與耶穌並門徒一同坐席;因為這樣的人多,他們也跟隨耶穌。While Jesus was dining at Levi’s house, many tax collectors and sinners were eating with Him and His disciples—for there were many who followed Him.

16中的文士(有古卷:文士和法利賽人)看見耶穌和罪人並稅吏一同吃飯,就對他門徒說:「他和稅吏並罪人一同吃喝嗎?」When the scribes who were Pharisees saw Jesus eating with these people, they asked His disciples, “Why does He eat with tax collectors and sinners?”

17耶穌聽見,就對他們說:「康健的人用不著醫生,有病的人才用得著。我來本不是召義人,乃是召罪人。」On hearing this, Jesus told them, “It is not the healthy who need a doctor, but the sick. I have not come to call the righteous, but sinners.”

禁食的問題

18當下,約翰的門徒和法利賽人禁食。他們來問耶穌說:「約翰的門徒和法利賽人的門徒禁食,你的門徒倒不禁食,這是為甚麼呢?」Now John’s disciples and the Pharisees were often fasting. So people came to Jesus and asked, “Why don’t Your disciples fast like John’s disciples and those of the Pharisees?”

19耶穌對他們說:「新郎和同在的時候,陪伴之人豈能禁食呢?新郎還同在,他們不能禁食。Jesus replied, “How can the guests of the bridegroom fast while He is with them? As long as He is with them, they cannot fast.

20但日子將到,新郎要離開他們,那日他們就要禁食。But the time will come when the bridegroom will be taken from them; then they will fast.

新布與新酒

21沒有人把新布縫在舊衣服上,恐怕所補上的新布帶壞了舊衣服,破的就更大了。No one sews a patch of unshrunk cloth on an old garment. If he does, the new piece will pull away from the old, and a worse tear will result.

22也沒有人把新酒裝在裡,恐怕酒把皮袋裂開,酒和皮袋就都壞了;惟把新酒裝在新皮袋裡。」And no one pours new wine into old wineskins. If he does, the wine will burst the skins, and both the wine and the wineskins will be ruined. Instead, new wine is poured into new wineskins.”

安息日掐麥穗

23耶穌當安息日從麥地經過。他門徒行路的時候,了麥穗。One Sabbath Jesus was passing through the grainfields, and His disciples began to pick the heads of grain as they walked along.

24法利賽人對耶穌說:「看哪,他們在安息日為甚麼做不可做的事呢?」So the Pharisees said to Him, “Look, why are they doing what is unlawful on the Sabbath?”

25耶穌對他們說:「經上記著大衛和跟從他的人缺乏飢餓之時所做的事,你們沒有念過嗎?Jesus replied, “Have you never read what David did when he and his companions were hungry and in need?

26他當作大祭司的時候,怎麼進了 神的殿,吃了,又給跟從他的人吃。這餅除了祭司以外,人都不可吃。」During the high priesthood of Abiathar, he entered the house of God and ate the consecrated bread, which was lawful only for the priests. And he gave some to his companions as well.”

安息日是為人設立的

27又對他們說:「安息日是為人設立的,人不是為安息日設立的。Then Jesus declared, “The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath.

28所以,人子也是安息日的主。」Therefore, the Son of Man is Lord even of the Sabbath.”

馬可福音 第 3 章

安息日醫好枯乾的手

1耶穌又進了會堂,在那裡有一個人枯乾了一隻手。Once again Jesus entered the synagogue, and a man with a withered hand was there.

2眾人耶穌,在安息日醫治不醫治,意思是要控告耶穌。In order to accuse Jesus, they were watching to see if He would heal on the Sabbath.

3耶穌對那枯乾一隻手的人說:「起來,站在當中。」Then Jesus said to the man with the withered hand, “Stand up among us.”

4又問眾人說:「在安息日行善行惡,救命害命,哪樣是可以的呢?」他們都不作聲。And He asked them, “Which is lawful on the Sabbath: to do good or to do evil, to save life or to destroy it?” But they were silent.

5耶穌他們,憂愁他們的心,就對那人說:「伸出手來!」他把手一伸,手就。Jesus looked around at them with anger and sorrow at their hardness of heart. Then He said to the man, “Stretch out your hand.” So he stretched it out, and it was restored.

法利賽人商議除滅耶穌

6法利賽人出去,同商議怎樣可以除滅耶穌。At this, the Pharisees went out and began plotting with the Herodians how they might kill Jesus.

摘要

馬可福音2至3章記載耶穌在加利利事工初期的一系列事蹟與衝突。耶穌赦免並醫治癱子、呼召稅吏利未、與罪人同席、回應禁食與安息日的質疑,展現祂作為人子擁有赦罪權柄,並帶來超越舊有宗教框架的新約恩典。第3章耶穌設立十二使徒、駁斥文士指控祂靠鬼王趕鬼的謬論、警告褻瀆聖靈的罪,並重新定義屬靈家人——凡遵行神旨意的人就是祂的弟兄姊妹和母親。

反思問題

  1. 四個人拆屋頂把癱子帶到耶穌面前,展現了突破障礙的信心與行動。在你的信仰生活中,是否有需要更積極、更有創意地將自己或他人帶到主面前的時刻?
  2. 耶穌說「康健的人用不著醫生,有病的人才用得著」,又與稅吏罪人同席。這對你理解教會的使命和你個人與「不同群體」的相處方式有什麼啟發?
  3. 耶穌宣告「凡遵行神旨意的人就是我的弟兄姊妹和母親」,將屬靈關係置於血緣之上。這如何挑戰或鼓勵你看待教會群體中的關係,以及你對「遵行神旨意」的委身程度?