舊約利未記 13:1–59
前情提要
上回說到
昨天(11–12 章):神分別哪些動物可吃、哪些不可吃——走獸要蹄分兩瓣又倒嚼,水族要有翅有鱗;摸了死物就不潔淨到晚上。神一再說「你們要聖潔,因為我是聖潔的」()。第 12 章講婦人產後的潔淨條例。
今天你會讀到
祭司要怎樣察看皮膚上的各種病症:癤子、癬、火斑、瘡、火毒、頭疥、頭禿,判斷是不是「大痲瘋」;確定不潔淨的人要住在營外。最後一段講衣服和皮子上發綠、發紅的斑(可能是黴菌一類)怎樣處理。
閱讀小提示
留意 –46:患者要喊叫「不潔淨了!不潔淨了!」,獨居營外。記住這個畫面,兩天後讀到 耶穌伸手摸長大痲瘋的人,就更明白那有多不尋常。
點時代可看說明
祭司在這裡的角色不是醫治,而是判定潔淨或不潔淨,決定人能不能留在營中、參加敬拜。
點經節可選取,長按即複製點經節可選取,按 Ctrl+C⌘C 複製
利未記 第 13 章
祭司察看皮膚上的災病
1耶和華曉諭摩西、亞倫說:Then the LORD said to Moses and Aaron,
2「人的肉皮上若長了子,或長了癬,或長了,在他肉皮上成了的災病,就要將他帶到祭司亞倫或亞倫作祭司的一個子孫面前。“When someone has a swelling or rash or bright spot on his skin that may be an infectious skin disease, he must be brought to Aaron the priest or to one of his sons who is a priest.
3祭司要察看肉皮上的災病,若災病處的毛已經變白,災病的現象肉上的皮,這便是大痲瘋的災病。祭司要察看他,定他為不潔淨。The priest is to examine the infection on his skin, and if the hair in the infection has turned white and the sore appears to be deeper than the skin, it is a skin disease. After the priest examines him, he must pronounce him unclean.
4若火斑在他肉皮上是白的,現象不深於皮,其上的毛也沒有變白,祭司就要將有災病的人。If, however, the spot on his skin is white and does not appear to be deeper than the skin, and the hair in it has not turned white, the priest shall isolate the infected person for seven days.
5第七天,祭司要察看他,若看災病止住了,沒有在皮上發散,祭司還要將他關鎖七天。On the seventh day the priest is to reexamine him, and if he sees that the infection is unchanged and has not spread on the skin, the priest must isolate him for another seven days.
6第七天,祭司要再察看他,若災病發暗,而且沒有在皮上發散,祭司要定他為潔淨,原來是癬;那人就要洗衣服,得為潔淨。The priest will examine him again on the seventh day, and if the sore has faded and has not spread on the skin, the priest shall pronounce him clean; it is a rash. The person must wash his clothes and be clean.
7但他為得潔淨,將身體給祭司察看以後,癬若在皮上發散開了,他要再將身體給祭司察看。But if the rash spreads further on his skin after he has shown himself to the priest for his cleansing, he must present himself again to the priest.
8祭司要察看,癬若在皮上發散,就要定他為不潔淨,是大痲瘋。The priest will reexamine him, and if the rash has spread on the skin, the priest must pronounce him unclean; it is a skin disease.
白癤、紅肉與舊大痲瘋
9「人有了大痲瘋的災病,就要將他帶到祭司面前。When anyone develops a skin disease, he must be brought to the priest.
10祭司要察看,皮上若長了白癤,使毛變白,在長白癤之處有了紅,The priest will examine him, and if there is a white swelling on the skin that has turned the hair white, and there is raw flesh in the swelling,
11這是肉皮上的舊大痲瘋,祭司要定他為不潔淨,不用將他關鎖,因為他是不潔淨了。it is a chronic skin disease and the priest must pronounce him unclean. He need not isolate him, for he is unclean.
12大痲瘋若在皮上四外發散,長滿了患災病人的皮,據祭司察看,從頭到腳無處不有,But if the skin disease breaks out all over his skin so that it covers all the skin of the infected person from head to foot, as far as the priest can see,
13祭司就要察看,全身的肉若長滿了大痲瘋,就要定那患災病的為潔淨;全身都變為白,他乃潔淨了。the priest shall examine him, and if the disease has covered his entire body, he is to pronounce the infected person clean. Since it has all turned white, he is clean.
14但紅肉幾時顯在他的身上就幾時不潔淨。But whenever raw flesh appears on someone, he will be unclean.
15祭司一看那紅肉就定他為不潔淨。紅肉本是不潔淨,是大痲瘋。When the priest sees the raw flesh, he must pronounce him unclean. The raw flesh is unclean; it is a skin disease.
16紅肉若復原,又變白了,他就要來見祭司。But if the raw flesh changes and turns white, he must go to the priest.
17祭司要察看,災病處若變白了,祭司就要定那患災病的為潔淨,他乃潔淨了。The priest will reexamine him, and if the infection has turned white, the priest is to pronounce the infected person clean; then he is clean.
瘡處的災病
18「人若在皮肉上長瘡,卻治好了,When a boil appears on someone’s skin and it heals,
19在長瘡之處又起了白癤,或是白中帶紅的火斑,就要給祭司察看。and a white swelling or a reddish-white spot develops where the boil was, he must present himself to the priest.
20祭司要察看,若現象,其上的毛也變白了,就要定他為不潔淨,是大痲瘋的災病發在瘡中。The priest shall examine it, and if it appears to be beneath the skin and the hair in it has turned white, the priest shall pronounce him unclean; it is a diseased infection that has broken out in the boil.
21祭司若察看,其上沒有白毛,也沒有窪於皮,乃是發暗,就要將他關鎖七天。But when the priest examines it, if there is no white hair in it, and it is not beneath the skin and has faded, the priest shall isolate him for seven days.
22若在皮上發散開了,祭司就要定他為不潔淨,是災病。If it spreads any further on the skin, the priest must pronounce him unclean; it is an infection.
23火斑若在原處止住,沒有發散,便是瘡的痕跡,祭司就要定他為潔淨。But if the spot remains unchanged and does not spread, it is only the scar from the boil, and the priest shall pronounce him clean.
火毒處的災病
24「人的皮肉上若起了火毒,火毒的瘀肉成了火斑,或是白中帶紅的,或是全白的,When there is a burn on someone’s skin and the raw area of the burn becomes reddish-white or white,
25祭司就要察看,火斑中的毛若變白了,現象又深於皮,是大痲瘋在火毒中發出,就要定他為不潔淨,是大痲瘋的災病。the priest must examine it. If the hair in the spot has turned white and the spot appears to be deeper than the skin, it is a disease that has broken out in the burn. The priest must pronounce him unclean; it is a diseased infection.
26但是祭司察看,在火斑中若沒有白毛,也沒有窪於皮,乃是發暗,就要將他關鎖七天。But if the priest examines it and there is no white hair in the spot, and it is not beneath the skin but has faded, the priest shall isolate him for seven days.
27到第七天,祭司要察看他,火斑若在皮上發散開了,就要定他為不潔淨,是大痲瘋的災病。On the seventh day the priest is to reexamine him, and if it has spread further on the skin, the priest must pronounce him unclean; it is a diseased infection.
28火斑若在原處止住,沒有在皮上發散,乃是發暗,是起的火毒,祭司要定他為潔淨,不過是火毒的痕跡。But if the spot is unchanged and has not spread on the skin but has faded, it is a swelling from the burn, and the priest is to pronounce him clean; for it is only the scar from the burn.
頭上或鬍鬚上的頭疥
29「無論男女,若在頭上有災病,或是男人鬍鬚上有災病,If a man or woman has an infection on the head or chin,
30祭司就要察看;這災病現象若深於皮,其間有細黃毛,就要定他為不潔淨,這是頭疥,是頭上或是鬍鬚上的大痲瘋。the priest shall examine the infection, and if it appears to be deeper than the skin and the hair in it is yellow and thin, the priest must pronounce him unclean; it is a scaly outbreak, an infectious disease of the head or chin.
31祭司若察看頭疥的災病,現象不深於皮,其間也沒有黑毛,就要將長頭疥災病的關鎖七天。But if the priest examines the scaly infection and it does not appear to be deeper than the skin, and there is no black hair in it, the priest shall isolate the infected person for seven days.
32第七天,祭司要察看災病,若頭疥沒有發散,其間也沒有黃毛,頭疥的現象不深於皮,On the seventh day the priest is to reexamine the infection, and if the scaly outbreak has not spread and there is no yellow hair in it, and it does not appear to be deeper than the skin,
33那人就要剃去鬚髮,但他不可剃頭疥之處。祭司要將那長頭疥的,再關鎖七天。then the person must shave himself except for the scaly area. Then the priest shall isolate him for another seven days.
34第七天,祭司要察看頭疥,頭疥若沒有在皮上發散,現象也不深於皮,就要定他為潔淨,他要洗衣服,便成為潔淨。On the seventh day the priest shall examine the scaly outbreak, and if it has not spread on the skin and does not appear to be deeper than the skin, the priest is to pronounce him clean. He must wash his clothes, and he will be clean.
35但他得潔淨以後,頭疥若在皮上發散開了,If, however, the scaly outbreak spreads further on the skin after his cleansing,
36祭司就要察看他。頭疥若在皮上發散,就不必找那黃毛,他是不潔淨了。the priest is to examine him, and if the scaly outbreak has spread on the skin, the priest need not look for yellow hair; the person is unclean.
37祭司若看頭疥已經止住,其間也長了黑毛,頭疥已然痊癒,那人是潔淨了,就要定他為潔淨。If, however, in his sight the scaly outbreak is unchanged and black hair has grown in it, then it has healed. He is clean, and the priest is to pronounce him clean.
白癬是潔淨的
38「無論男女,皮肉上若起了火斑,就是白火斑,When a man or a woman has white spots on the skin,
39祭司就要察看,他們肉皮上的火斑若白中帶黑,這是皮上發出的白癬,那人是潔淨了。the priest shall examine them, and if the spots are dull white, it is a harmless rash that has broken out on the skin; the person is clean.
頭禿不算不潔淨
40「人頭上的髮若掉了,他不過是頭禿,還是潔淨。Now if a man loses his hair and is bald, he is still clean.
41他頂前若掉了頭髮,他不過是,還是潔淨。Or if his hairline recedes and he is bald on his forehead, he is still clean.
42頭禿處或是頂門禿處若有白中帶紅的災病,這就是大痲瘋發在他頭禿處或是頂門禿處,But if there is a reddish-white sore on the bald head or forehead, it is an infectious disease breaking out on it.
43祭司就要察看,他起的那災病若在頭禿處或是頂門禿處有白中帶紅的,像肉皮上大痲瘋的現象,The priest is to examine him, and if the swelling of the infection on his bald head or forehead is reddish-white like a skin disease,
44那人就是長大痲瘋,不潔淨的,祭司總要定他為不潔淨,他的災病是在頭上。the man is diseased; he is unclean. The priest must pronounce him unclean because of the infection on his head.
患者要獨居營外
45「身上有長大痲瘋災病的,他的衣服要撕裂,也要蓬頭散髮,,喊叫說:『不潔淨了!不潔淨了!』A diseased person must wear torn clothes and let his hair hang loose, and he must cover his mouth and cry out, ‘Unclean, unclean!’
46災病在他身上的日子,他便是不潔淨;他既是不潔淨,就要獨居。」As long as he has the infection, he remains unclean. He must live alone in a place outside the camp.
衣服和皮子上的災病
47「染了大痲瘋災病的衣服,無論是羊毛衣服、是麻布衣服,If any fabric is contaminated with mildew—any wool or linen garment,
48無論是在、在緯上,是麻布的、是羊毛的,是在皮子上,或在皮子做的甚麼物件上,any weave or knit of linen or wool, or any article of leather—
49或在衣服上、皮子上,經上、緯上,或在皮子做的甚麼物件上,這災病若是發綠,或是發紅,是大痲瘋的災病,要給祭司察看。and if the mark in the fabric, leather, weave, knit, or leather article is green or red, then it is contaminated with mildew and must be shown to the priest.
50祭司就要察看那災病,把染了災病的物件關鎖七天。And the priest is to examine the mildew and isolate the contaminated fabric for seven days.
51第七天,他要察看那災病,災病或在衣服上,經上、緯上,皮子上,若發散,這皮子無論當作何用,這災病是,都是不潔淨了。On the seventh day the priest shall reexamine it, and if the mildew has spread in the fabric, weave, knit, or leather, then regardless of how it is used, it is a harmful mildew; the article is unclean.
52那染了災病的衣服,或是經上、緯上,羊毛上,麻衣上,或是皮子做的甚麼物件上,他都要焚燒;因為這是蠶食的大痲瘋,必在火中焚燒。He is to burn the fabric, weave, or knit, whether the contaminated item is wool or linen or leather. Since the mildew is harmful, the article must be burned up.
53「祭司要察看,若災病在衣服上,經上、緯上,或是皮子做的甚麼物件上,沒有發散,But when the priest reexamines it, if the mildew has not spread in the fabric, weave, knit, or leather article,
54祭司就要吩咐他們,把染了災病的物件洗了,再關鎖七天。the priest is to order the contaminated article to be washed and isolated for another seven days.
55洗過以後,祭司要察看,那物件若沒有變色,災病也沒有消散,那物件就不潔淨,是的災病,無論正面反面,都要在火中焚燒。After it has been washed, the priest is to reexamine it, and if the mildewed article has not changed in appearance, it is unclean. Even though the mildew has not spread, you must burn it, whether the rot is on the front or back.
56洗過以後,祭司要察看,若見那災病發暗,他就要把那災病從衣服上、皮子上、經上、緯上,都撕去。If the priest examines it and the mildew has faded after it has been washed, he must cut the contaminated section out of the fabric, leather, weave, or knit.
57若仍現在衣服上,或是經上、緯上、皮子做的甚麼物件上,這就是災病又發了、必用火焚燒那染災病的物件。But if it reappears in the fabric, weave, or knit, or on any leather article, it is spreading. You must burn the contaminated article.
58所洗的衣服,或是經,或是緯,或是皮子做的甚麼物件,若災病離開了,要再洗,就潔淨了。」If the mildew disappears from the fabric, weave, or knit, or any leather article after washing, then it is to be washed again, and it will be clean.
59這就是大痲瘋災病的條例,無論是在羊毛衣服上,麻布衣服上,經上、緯上,和皮子做的甚麼物件上,可以定為潔淨或是不潔淨。This is the law concerning a mildew contamination in wool or linen fabric, weave, or knit, or any leather article, for pronouncing it clean or unclean.”
摘要
利未記第十三章詳細記載了辨別大痲瘋(皮膚病)的各種條例。祭司負責察看人身上的癤子、癬、火斑等皮膚症狀,根據毛色變化、病灶深淺、是否擴散等跡象,判定當事人為潔淨或不潔淨。被判定不潔淨的人必須撕裂衣服、蓬頭散髮、獨居營外;此外,衣物和皮製品若染上類似災病,也須經祭司察驗,必要時予以焚燒。
反思問題
- 神設立詳細的察驗程序而非立即定罪,這對你理解神的公義與耐心有什麼啟發?
- 不潔淨的人必須隔離營外——在你的生命中,罪或不健康的習慣是否也造成了與群體的隔離?你如何尋求恢復?
- 祭司在這段經文中扮演中間人與判斷者的角色,今天誰在你的屬靈生命中擔任類似的守望與問責角色?
新約馬可福音 1:1–13
書卷介紹:馬可福音福音書
耶穌是神的兒子,祂來是要服事人,並捨命作多人的贖價。
馬可福音是四福音中最短的一卷,節奏明快,常用「立刻」、「隨即」這類字眼。書中記載許多耶穌的行動和神蹟,顯明祂有權柄勝過疾病、鬼魔、自然和罪。全書大約有三分之一的篇幅記載耶穌在世上最後一週的事。馬可特別強調,跟隨耶穌就是要捨己、背起十字架。
前情提要
上回說到
昨天讀完了馬太福音(28 章):婦女們清早來到墳墓,天使說耶穌已經復活了;復活的耶穌向她們顯現,又在加利利的山上差遣十一個門徒去使萬民作祂的門徒,應許常與他們同在。
今天你會讀到
開始讀馬可福音。一開頭就說這是「神的兒子,耶穌基督福音的起頭」,接著很快地交代:施洗約翰在曠野預備道路;耶穌受洗時聖靈降下、天上有聲音;然後聖靈把祂催到曠野受試探。
閱讀小提示
馬可福音節奏很快,常用「立刻」、「隨即」接到下一件事。 的「催」也很有力:聖靈「把耶穌催到曠野裡去」——耶穌受試探,是在聖靈的帶領下發生的。
點時代可看說明
傳統認為馬可福音是彼得的同工馬可所寫,是四福音中最短的一卷;耶穌受洗、出來傳道約在主後 27 年前後(確切年份有不同推算)。
馬可福音 第 1 章
福音的起頭
1神的兒子,耶穌基督福音的。This is the beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God.
先知預言的使者
2正如先知(有古卷沒有以賽亞三個字)書上記著說:看哪,我要差遣我的使者在你前面,預備道路。As it is written in Isaiah the prophet: “Behold, I will send My messenger ahead of You, who will prepare Your way.”
3在曠野有人聲喊著說:預備主的道,他的路。“A voice of one calling in the wilderness, ‘Prepare the way for the Lord, make straight paths for Him.’”
約翰在曠野施洗
4照這話,約翰來了,在曠野施洗,傳的洗禮,使罪得赦。John the Baptist appeared in the wilderness, preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins.
5猶太全地和耶路撒冷的人都出去到約翰那裡,承認他們的罪,在裡受他的洗。People went out to him from all of Jerusalem and the countryside of Judea. Confessing their sins, they were baptized by him in the Jordan River.
6約翰穿,腰束皮帶,吃的是。John was clothed in camel’s hair, with a leather belt around his waist. His food was locusts and wild honey.
約翰預告那位能力更大的
7他傳道說:「有一位在我以後來的,能力比我更大,我就是彎腰給他也是不配的。And he proclaimed: “After me will come One more powerful than I, the straps of whose sandals I am not worthy to stoop down and untie.
8我是用水給你們施洗,他卻要用聖靈給你們施洗。」I baptize you with water, but He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit.”
耶穌受洗
9那時,耶穌從加利利的來,在約旦河裡受了約翰的洗。In those days Jesus came from Nazareth in Galilee and was baptized by John in the Jordan.
10他從水裡一上來,就看見天了,聖靈彷彿鴿子,降在他身上。As soon as Jesus came up out of the water, He saw the heavens breaking open and the Spirit descending on Him like a dove.
11又有聲音從天上來,說:「你是我的愛子,我喜悅你。」And a voice came from heaven: “You are My beloved Son; in You I am well pleased.”
在曠野受試探
12聖靈就把耶穌到曠野裡去。At once the Spirit drove Jesus into the wilderness,
13他在曠野四十天,受的試探,並與野獸同在一處,且有天使來他。and He was there for forty days, being tempted by Satan. He was with the wild animals, and the angels ministered to Him.
摘要
馬可福音以極簡潔的方式開啟耶穌基督的福音:先引用先知預言,介紹施洗約翰在曠野傳悔改的洗禮、為主預備道路。接著記述耶穌受洗時聖靈降臨、天父宣告祂是愛子,隨後聖靈催祂進入曠野受撒但試探四十天,有野獸同在、天使伺候。
反思問題
- 約翰甘願做預備道路的角色而非主角,你在服事中是否願意退居幕後、成全他人被神使用?
- 耶穌受洗後立刻被聖靈催入曠野受試探——屬靈的高峰經歷之後往往伴隨試煉,你如何預備自己面對這樣的時刻?
- 天父對耶穌說『你是我的愛子,我喜悅你』,這句話在耶穌尚未開始公開事工前就說出,這對你理解神的愛與接納有什麼意義?